Directory.GetParent(String) Método
Definição
Importante
Algumas informações se referem a produtos de pré-lançamento que podem ser substancialmente modificados antes do lançamento. A Microsoft não oferece garantias, expressas ou implícitas, das informações aqui fornecidas.
Recupera o diretório pai do caminho especificado, incluindo caminhos absolutos e relativos.
public:
static System::IO::DirectoryInfo ^ GetParent(System::String ^ path);public static System.IO.DirectoryInfo GetParent (string path);public static System.IO.DirectoryInfo? GetParent (string path);static member GetParent : string -> System.IO.DirectoryInfoPublic Shared Function GetParent (path As String) As DirectoryInfoParâmetros
- path
- String
O caminho no qual o diretório pai deve ser recuperado.
Retornos
O diretório pai, ou null, se path for o diretório raiz, incluindo a raiz de um nome do compartilhamento ou de servidor UNC.
Exceções
O diretório especificado por path é somente leitura.
O chamador não tem a permissão necessária.
.NET Framework e versões do .NET Core anteriores à 2.1: path é uma cadeia de caracteres de comprimento zero, contém apenas espaço em branco ou contém um ou mais caracteres inválidos. Consulte caracteres inválidos com o método GetInvalidPathChars().
path é null.
O caminho especificado, o nome de arquivo, ou ambos excedem o tamanho máximo definido pelo sistema. Para obter mais informações, consulte o tópico PathTooLongException.
O caminho especificado não foi encontrado.
path está em um formato inválido.
Somente para o .NET framework: o chamador não tem as permissões necessárias.
Exemplos
O exemplo a seguir demonstra como usar o GetParent método para recuperar o diretório pai de um local especificado pelo usuário, "path". O valor retornado pelo GetParent método é impresso no console. O exemplo é configurado para capturar todos os erros comuns a esse método.
using namespace System;
class Class1
{
public:
void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path )
{
try
{
// Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path );
for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );
}
}
catch ( ArgumentNullException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "Path is a null reference." );
}
catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "The caller does not have the \HelloServer' required permission." );
}
catch ( ArgumentException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer' contains only white spaces, \HelloServer' or contains invalid characters." );
}
catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer' Directory object does not exist." );
}
}
void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path, String^ pattern )
{
try
{
// Obtain the file system entries in the directory
// path that match the pattern.
array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path, pattern );
for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );
}
}
catch ( ArgumentNullException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "Path is a null reference." );
}
catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "The caller does not have the \HelloServer' required permission." );
}
catch ( ArgumentException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer' contains only white spaces, \HelloServer' or contains invalid characters." );
}
catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer' Directory object does not exist." );
}
}
// Print out all logical drives on the system.
void GetLogicalDrives()
{
try
{
array<String^>^drives = System::IO::Directory::GetLogicalDrives();
for ( int i = 0; i < drives->Length; i++ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( drives[ i ] );
}
}
catch ( System::IO::IOException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "An I/O error occurs." );
}
catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "The caller does not have the \HelloServer' required permission." );
}
}
void GetParent( String^ path )
{
try
{
System::IO::DirectoryInfo^ directoryInfo = System::IO::Directory::GetParent( path );
System::Console::WriteLine( directoryInfo->FullName );
}
catch ( ArgumentNullException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "Path is a null reference." );
}
catch ( ArgumentException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer' contains only white spaces, or \HelloServer' contains invalid characters." );
}
}
void Move( String^ sourcePath, String^ destinationPath )
{
try
{
System::IO::Directory::Move( sourcePath, destinationPath );
System::Console::WriteLine( "The directory move is complete." );
}
catch ( ArgumentNullException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "Path is a null reference." );
}
catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "The caller does not have the \HelloServer' required permission." );
}
catch ( ArgumentException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer' contains only white spaces, \HelloServer' or contains invalid characters." );
}
catch ( System::IO::IOException^ )
{
System::Console::WriteLine( "An attempt was made to move a \HelloServer' directory to a different \HelloServer' volume, or destDirName \HelloServer' already exists." );
}
}
};
int main()
{
Class1 * snippets = new Class1;
String^ path = System::IO::Directory::GetCurrentDirectory();
String^ filter = "*.exe";
snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path );
snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path, filter );
snippets->GetLogicalDrives();
snippets->GetParent( path );
snippets->Move( "C:\\proof", "C:\\Temp" );
return 0;
}
using System;
namespace GetFileSystemEntries
{
class Class1
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Class1 snippets = new Class1();
string path = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();
string filter = "*.exe";
snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path);
snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter);
snippets.GetLogicalDrives();
snippets.GetParent(path);
snippets.Move("C:\\proof", "C:\\Temp");
}
void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path)
{
try
{
// Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
string[] directoryEntries =
System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path);
foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
{
System.Console.WriteLine(str);
}
}
catch (ArgumentNullException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
}
catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
"required permission.");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
"contains only white spaces, " +
"or contains invalid characters.");
}
catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
"Directory object does not exist.");
}
}
void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path, string pattern)
{
try
{
// Obtain the file system entries in the directory
// path that match the pattern.
string[] directoryEntries =
System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern);
foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
{
System.Console.WriteLine(str);
}
}
catch (ArgumentNullException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
}
catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
"required permission.");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
"contains only white spaces, " +
"or contains invalid characters.");
}
catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
"Directory object does not exist.");
}
}
// Print out all logical drives on the system.
void GetLogicalDrives()
{
try
{
string[] drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives();
foreach (string str in drives)
{
System.Console.WriteLine(str);
}
}
catch (System.IO.IOException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.");
}
catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
"required permission.");
}
}
void GetParent(string path)
{
try
{
System.IO.DirectoryInfo directoryInfo =
System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path);
System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName);
}
catch (ArgumentNullException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
"contains only white spaces, or " +
"contains invalid characters.");
}
}
void Move(string sourcePath, string destinationPath)
{
try
{
System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath);
System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.");
}
catch (ArgumentNullException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
}
catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
"required permission.");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
"contains only white spaces, " +
"or contains invalid characters.");
}
catch (System.IO.IOException)
{
System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " +
"directory to a different " +
"volume, or destDirName " +
"already exists.");
}
}
}
}
open System
open System.IO
open System.Security
let printFileSystemEntries path =
try
// Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries path
for str in directoryEntries do
printfn $"{str}"
with
| :? ArgumentNullException ->
printfn "Path is a null reference."
| :? SecurityException ->
printfn $"The caller does not have the required permission."
| :? ArgumentException ->
printfn $"Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
| :? DirectoryNotFoundException ->
printfn $"The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."
let printFileSystemEntriesPattern path pattern =
try
// Obtain the file system entries in the directory
// path that match the pattern.
let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)
for str in directoryEntries do
printfn $"{str}"
with
| :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
| :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
| :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
| :? DirectoryNotFoundException -> printfn "The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."
// Print out all logical drives on the system.
let getLogicalDrives () =
try
let drives = Directory.GetLogicalDrives()
for str in drives do
printfn $"{str}"
with
| :? IOException -> printfn "An I/O error occurs."
| :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
let getParent path =
try
let directoryInfo = Directory.GetParent path
printfn $"{directoryInfo.FullName}"
with
| :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
| :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
let move sourcePath destinationPath =
try
Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
printfn "The directory move is complete."
with
| :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
| :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
| :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
| :? IOException -> printfn "An attempt was made to move a directory to a different volume, or destDirName already exists."
let path = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
let filter = "*.exe"
printFileSystemEntries path
printFileSystemEntriesPattern path filter
getLogicalDrives ()
getParent path
move "C:\\proof" "C:\\Temp"
Option Explicit On
Option Strict On
Namespace GetFileSystemEntries
Class Class1
Overloads Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
Dim snippets As New Class1()
Dim path As String = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
Dim filter As String = "*.exe"
snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path)
snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter)
snippets.GetLogicalDrives()
snippets.GetParent(path)
snippets.Move("C:\proof", "C:\Temp")
End Sub
Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String)
Try
' Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
Dim directoryEntries As String()
directoryEntries = System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path)
Dim str As String
For Each str In directoryEntries
System.Console.WriteLine(str)
Next str
Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
"required permission.")
Catch exp As ArgumentException
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
"contains only white spaces, " + _
"or contains invalid characters.")
Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
"Directory object does not exist.")
End Try
End Sub
Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String, _
ByVal pattern As String)
Try
' Obtain the file system entries in the directory
' path that match the pattern.
Dim directoryEntries As String()
directoryEntries = _
System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)
Dim str As String
For Each str In directoryEntries
System.Console.WriteLine(str)
Next str
Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
"required permission.")
Catch exp As ArgumentException
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
"contains only white spaces, " + _
"or contains invalid characters.")
Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
"Directory object does not exist.")
End Try
End Sub
' Print out all logical drives on the system.
Sub GetLogicalDrives()
Try
Dim drives As String()
drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives()
Dim str As String
For Each str In drives
System.Console.WriteLine(str)
Next str
Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.")
Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
"required permission.")
End Try
End Sub
Sub GetParent(ByVal path As String)
Try
Dim directoryInfo As System.IO.DirectoryInfo
directoryInfo = System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path)
System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName)
Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
Catch exp As ArgumentException
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
"contains only white spaces, or " + _
"contains invalid characters.")
End Try
End Sub
Sub Move(ByVal sourcePath As String, ByVal destinationPath As String)
Try
System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.")
Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
"required permission.")
Catch exp As ArgumentException
System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
"contains only white spaces, " + _
"or contains invalid characters.")
Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " + _
"directory to a different " + _
"volume, or destDirName " + _
"already exists.")
End Try
End Sub
End Class
End Namespace
Comentários
O path parâmetro pode especificar informações de caminho relativas ou absolutas. As informações do caminho relativo são interpretadas como relativas ao diretório de trabalho atual. Para obter o diretório de trabalho atual, consulte GetCurrentDirectory.
Os espaços à direita são removidos do final do path parâmetro antes de obter o diretório.
A cadeia de caracteres retornada por esse método consiste em todos os caracteres no caminho até, mas não incluindo, o último DirectorySeparatorChar ou AltDirectorySeparatorChar. Por exemplo, passar o caminho "C:\Directory\SubDirectory\test.txt" para GetParent retornar "C:\Directory\SubDirectory". Passar "C:\Directory\SubDirectory" retorna "C:\Directory". No entanto, passar "C:\Directory\SubDirectory\" retorna "C:\Directory\SubDirectory", porque o separador de diretório final é após "SubDirectory".
A diferenciação de maiúsculas e minúsculas do path parâmetro corresponde à do sistema de arquivos no qual o código está em execução. Por exemplo, não diferencia maiúsculas de minúsculas no NTFS (o sistema de arquivos padrão do Windows) e diferencia maiúsculas de minúsculas em sistemas de arquivos Linux.
Para obter uma lista de tarefas comuns de E/S, consulte Tarefas comuns de E/S.
Aplica-se a
Confira também
Colaborar conosco no GitHub
A fonte deste conteúdo pode ser encontrada no GitHub, onde você também pode criar e revisar problemas e solicitações de pull. Para obter mais informações, confira o nosso guia para colaboradores.
Comentários
Em breve: Ao longo de 2024, eliminaremos os problemas do GitHub como o mecanismo de comentários para conteúdo e o substituiremos por um novo sistema de comentários. Para obter mais informações, consulte https://aka.ms/ContentUserFeedback.
Enviar e exibir comentários de