1.1 Glossary

This document uses the following terms:

application identifier: A string that is used to look up information in a single sign-on (SSO) database.

authentication: The act of proving an identity to a server while providing key material that binds the identity to subsequent communications.

catalog: A table that defines the structure and relationships of a set of tables in a database.

child element: In an XML document, an element that is subordinate to and is contained by another element, which is referred to as the parent element.

connection: (1) A link between two devices that uses the Simple Symmetric Transport Protocol (SSTP). Each connection can support one or more SSTP sessions.

(2) A link that two physical machines or applications share to pass data back and forth.

connection string: A series of arguments, delimited by a semicolon, that defines the location of a database and how to connect to it.

container: A data model that is used to store published presence information and a list of subscribers who are permitted to view that information. It enables a publisher to publish different data values of the same category and instance, which enables different subscribers to see different values.

credential: Previously established, authentication data that is used by a security principal to establish its own identity. When used in reference to the Netlogon Protocol, it is the data that is stored in the NETLOGON_CREDENTIAL structure.

cube: A set of data that is organized and summarized into a multidimensional structure that is defined by a set of dimensions and measures.

data connection: (1) A link between an application and a data source. Data connections can be used to query and submit data.

(2) A collection of information, such as the type and location, that defines how to connect to an external data source, such as a database, web service, SharePoint list, or XML file.

data provider: A known data source that is specific to a target type and that provides data to a collector type.

data source: A database, web service, disk, file, or other collection of information from which data is queried or submitted. Supported data sources vary based on application and data provider.

document repository: A location that is used to store documents. A document repository is typically hosted on a server and is subject to document management policies for the documents that are stored on it.

Get & Transform: A set of features new to Microsoft Excel 2016 which provides fast, easy data gathering and shaping capabilities

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): An application of the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) that uses tags to mark elements in a document, as described in [HTML].

list: A container within a SharePoint site that stores list items. A list has a customizable schema that is composed of one or more fields.

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME): A set of extensions that redefines and expands support for various types of content in email messages, as described in [RFC2045], [RFC2046], and [RFC2047].

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP): A technology that uses multidimensional structures to provide access to data for analysis. The source data for OLAP is stored in data warehouses in a relational database. See also cube.

query: A formalized instruction to a data source to either extract data or perform a specified action. A query can be in the form of a query expression, a method-based query, or a combination of the two. The data source can be in different forms, such as a relational database, XML document, or in-memory object. See also search query.

single sign-on (SSO): A process that enables users who have a domain user account to log on to a network and gain access to any computer or resource in the domain without entering their credentials multiple times.

Structured Query Language (SQL): A database query and programming language that is widely used for accessing, querying, updating, and managing data in relational database systems.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL): A string of characters in a standardized format that identifies a document or resource on the World Wide Web. The format is as specified in [RFC1738].

UTF-8: A byte-oriented standard for encoding Unicode characters, defined in the Unicode standard. Unless specified otherwise, this term refers to the UTF-8 encoding form specified in [UNICODE5.0.0/2007] section 3.9.

white space: A character that represents a blank space in typography and is not rendered on a screen.

XML: The Extensible Markup Language, as described in [XML1.0].

XML schema: A description of a type of XML document that is typically expressed in terms of constraints on the structure and content of documents of that type, in addition to the basic syntax constraints that are imposed by XML itself. An XML schema provides a view of a document type at a relatively high level of abstraction.

MAY, SHOULD, MUST, SHOULD NOT, MUST NOT: These terms (in all caps) are used as defined in [RFC2119]. All statements of optional behavior use either MAY, SHOULD, or SHOULD NOT.