Share via

記憶體回收告知

  • 發行項

在某些情況下，Common Language Runtime 執行完整記憶體回收可能會降低效能。 特別是處理大量要求的伺服器，這可能會造成問題，因為在這種情況下，長時間的記憶體回收可能會導致要求逾時。 為避免完整回收在重要期間發生，您可由系統通知完整記憶體回收即將進行，然後採取動作將工作負載重新導向至另一個伺服器執行個體。 您也可以自行引發回收，只要目前伺服器執行個體不需要處理要求即可。

注意事項注意事項

此功能只有在並行記憶體回收停用時才能使用。並行記憶體回收預設為啟用，除非您是在裝載環境中執行，由主應用程式為您變更了組態。當使用伺服器記憶體回收時，無法使用並行記憶體回收。此功能不支援並行記憶體回收，因為並行記憶體回收進行的同時允許記憶體配置。如需如何停用並行記憶體回收的詳細資訊，請參閱 <gcConcurrent> 執行階段設定。

RegisterForFullGCNotification 方法會註冊通知，當執行階段偵測到完整記憶體回收即將進行時，即發出通知。 此通知分為兩部分：何時即將進行完整記憶體回收，以及完整記憶體回收何時完成。

若要判斷何時發出通知，請使用 WaitForFullGCApproach 和 WaitForFullGCComplete 方法。 一般來說，您可以在 while 迴圈 (Loop) 中使用這些方法，以持續取得顯示通知狀態的 GCNotificationStatus 列舉型別 (Enumeration)。 如果該值為 Succeeded，您可以執行下列動作：

  • 為回應 WaitForFullGCApproach 方法所取得的通知，您可以重新導向工作負載並自行引發回收。

  • 為回應 WaitForFullGCComplete 方法所取得的通知，您可以讓目前伺服器執行個體能夠再次處理要求。 您也可以收集資訊。 例如，您可以使用 CollectionCount 方法記錄回收次數。

WaitForFullGCApproach 和 WaitForFullGCComplete 方法是設計一起運作。 若兩個方法未一起使用，可能產生不確定的結果。

完整記憶體回收

當發生下列任何情況時，執行階段會引發完整記憶體回收：

  • 已有足夠的記憶體升級為層代 2，導致下一次的層代 2 回收。

  • 已有足夠的記憶體升級為大型物件堆積，導致下一次的層代 2 回收。

  • 其他因素導致層代 1 回收提升為層代 2 回收。

您在 RegisterForFullGCNotification 方法中指定的臨界值會套用到前兩種情況。 不過，在第一種情況下，您不一定會在設定的臨界值達到時收到通知，原因有兩個：

  • 執行階段不會檢查每次的小型物件配置 (基於效能考量)。

  • 只有層代 1 回收會將記憶體升級為層代 2。

第三種情況也會使得收到通知的時間變得不確定。 雖然這不是絕對有用的方法，但若能在這段期間重新導向要求或自行引發回收，有助於減少不當完整記憶體回收所帶來的影響。

通知臨界值參數

RegisterForFullGCNotification 方法有兩個參數，分別指定層代 2 物件和大型物件堆積的臨界值。 當達到這些值時，就應發出記憶體回收通知。 下表描述這些參數。

參數

說明

maxGenerationThreshold

範圍從 1 到 99 的數字，根據層代 2 中升級的物件，指定何時應引發通知。

largeObjectHeapThreshold

範圍從 1 到 99 的數字，根據大型物件堆積中所配置的物件，指定何時應引發通知。

如果您指定的值太高，您很可能會收到通知，但有可能會等一段很長的時間，執行階段才會引發回收。 如果您自行引發回收，您所回收的物件可能比執行階段引發的回收還多。

如果您指定的值太低，執行階段引發回收時可能沒有足夠的時間通知您。

範例

說明

在下列範例中，有一組伺服器處理收到的 Web 要求。 為模擬處理要求的工作負載，會將位元組陣列加入到 List<T> 集合。 每台伺服器都會註冊記憶體回收通知，並在 WaitForFullGCProc 使用者方法上啟動執行緒，以持續監視 WaitForFullGCApproach 和 WaitForFullGCComplete 方法傳回的 GCNotificationStatus 列舉。

當系統引發通知時，WaitForFullGCApproach 和 WaitForFullGCComplete 方法會呼叫各自的事件處理使用者方法：

  • OnFullGCApproachNotify

    此方法會呼叫 RedirectRequests 使用者方法，指示要求佇列伺服器暫停傳送要求至該伺服器。 模擬的方式是將類別層級變數 bAllocate 設為 false，這樣就不會再配置物件。

    接著會呼叫 FinishExistingRequests 使用者方法，以完成處理暫止的伺服器要求。 模擬的方式是清除 List<T> 集合。

    最後再引發記憶體回收，因為工作負載變輕。

  • OnFullGCCompleteNotify

    此方法會呼叫使用者方法 AcceptRequests 以繼續接受要求，因為伺服器不再容易受到完整記憶體回收的影響。 模擬此動作的方式是將 bAllocate 變數設為 true，這樣物件就會繼續加入到 List<T> 集合。

下列程式碼包含範例的 Main 方法。


    ' Variables for continual checking in the
    ' While loop in the WaitForFullGcProc method.
    Private Shared checkForNotify As Boolean = False

    ' Variable for suspending work 
    ' (such as servicing allocated server requests)
    ' after a notification is received and then 
    ' resuming allocation after inducing a garbage collection.
    Private Shared bAllocate As Boolean = False

    ' Variable for ending the example.
    Private Shared finalExit As Boolean = False

    ' Collection for objects that  
    ' simulate the server request workload.
    Private Shared load As New List(Of Byte())


    Public Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
        Try
            ' Register for a notification. 
            GC.RegisterForFullGCNotification(10, 10)
            Console.WriteLine("Registered for GC notification.")

            bAllocate = True
            checkForNotify = True

            ' Start a thread using WaitForFullGCProc.
            Dim thWaitForFullGC As Thread = _
                New Thread(New ThreadStart(AddressOf WaitForFullGCProc))
            thWaitForFullGC.Start()

            ' While the thread is checking for notifications in
            ' WaitForFullGCProc, create objects to simulate a server workload.
            Try
                Dim lastCollCount As Integer = 0
                Dim newCollCount As Integer = 0


                While (True)
                    If bAllocate = True Then

                        load.Add(New Byte(1000) {})
                        newCollCount = GC.CollectionCount(2)
                        If (newCollCount <> lastCollCount) Then
                            ' Show collection count when it increases:
                            Console.WriteLine("Gen 2 collection count: {0}", _
                                              GC.CollectionCount(2).ToString)
                            lastCollCount = newCollCount
                        End If

                        ' For ending the example (arbitrary).
                        If newCollCount = 500 Then
                            finalExit = True
                            checkForNotify = False
                            bAllocate = False
                            Exit While
                        End If

                    End If
                End While

            Catch outofMem As OutOfMemoryException
                Console.WriteLine("Out of memory.")
            End Try

            finalExit = True
            checkForNotify = False
            GC.CancelFullGCNotification()

        Catch invalidOp As InvalidOperationException
            Console.WriteLine("GC Notifications are not supported while concurrent GC is enabled." _
                              & vbLf & invalidOp.Message)
        End Try
    End Sub



// Variable for continual checking in the 
// While loop in the WaitForFullGCProc method.
static bool checkForNotify = false;

// Variable for suspending work 
// (such servicing allocated server requests)
// after a notification is received and then 
// resuming allocation after inducing a garbage collection.
static bool bAllocate = false;

// Variable for ending the example.
static bool finalExit = false;

// Collection for objects that  
// simulate the server request workload.
static List<byte[]> load = new List<byte[]>();


public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    try
    {
        // Register for a notification. 
        GC.RegisterForFullGCNotification(10, 10);
        Console.WriteLine("Registered for GC notification.");

        checkForNotify = true;
        bAllocate = true;

        // Start a thread using WaitForFullGCProc.
        Thread thWaitForFullGC = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WaitForFullGCProc));
        thWaitForFullGC.Start();

        // While the thread is checking for notifications in
        // WaitForFullGCProc, create objects to simulate a server workload.
        try
        {

            int lastCollCount = 0;
            int newCollCount = 0;


            while (true)
            {
                if (bAllocate)
                {
                    load.Add(new byte[1000]);
                    newCollCount = GC.CollectionCount(2);
                    if (newCollCount != lastCollCount)
                    {
                        // Show collection count when it increases:
                        Console.WriteLine("Gen 2 collection count: {0}", GC.CollectionCount(2).ToString());
                        lastCollCount = newCollCount;
                    }

                    // For ending the example (arbitrary).
                    if (newCollCount == 500)
                    {
                        finalExit = true;
                        checkForNotify = false;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

        }
        catch (OutOfMemoryException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Out of memory.");
        }


        finalExit = true;
        checkForNotify = false;
        GC.CancelFullGCNotification();

    }
    catch (InvalidOperationException invalidOp)
    {

        Console.WriteLine("GC Notifications are not supported while concurrent GC is enabled.\n"
            + invalidOp.Message);
    }
}

private:
    // Variable for continual checking in the
    // While loop in the WaitForFullGCProc method.
    static bool checkForNotify = false;

    // Variable for suspending work
    // (such servicing allocated server requests)
    // after a notification is received and then
    // resuming allocation after inducing a garbage collection.
    static bool bAllocate = false;

    // Variable for ending the example.
    static bool finalExit = false;

    // Collection for objects that
    // simulate the server request workload.
    static List<array<Byte>^>^ load = gcnew List<array<Byte>^>();


public:
    static void Main()
    {
        try
        {
            // Register for a notification.
            GC::RegisterForFullGCNotification(10, 10);
            Console::WriteLine("Registered for GC notification.");

            checkForNotify = true;
            bAllocate = true;

            // Start a thread using WaitForFullGCProc.
            Thread^ thWaitForFullGC = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(&WaitForFullGCProc));
            thWaitForFullGC->Start();

            // While the thread is checking for notifications in
            // WaitForFullGCProc, create objects to simulate a server workload.
            try
            {
                int lastCollCount = 0;
                int newCollCount = 0;


                while (true)
                {
                    if (bAllocate)
                    {
                        load->Add(gcnew array<Byte>(1000));
                        newCollCount = GC::CollectionCount(2);
                        if (newCollCount != lastCollCount)
                        {
                            // Show collection count when it increases:
                            Console::WriteLine("Gen 2 collection count: {0}", GC::CollectionCount(2).ToString());
                            lastCollCount = newCollCount;
                        }

                        // For ending the example (arbitrary).
                        if (newCollCount == 500)
                        {
                            finalExit = true;
                            checkForNotify = false;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }

            }
            catch (OutOfMemoryException^)
            {
                Console::WriteLine("Out of memory.");
            }


            finalExit = true;
            checkForNotify = false;
            GC::CancelFullGCNotification();

        }
        catch (InvalidOperationException^ invalidOp)
        {

            Console::WriteLine("GC Notifications are not supported while concurrent GC is enabled.\n"
                + invalidOp->Message);
        }
    }

下列程式碼包含 WaitForFullGCProc 使用者方法，此方法包含持續進行的 while 迴圈，檢查是否有記憶體回收通知。

    Public Shared Sub WaitForFullGCProc()

        While True
            ' CheckForNotify is set to true and false in Main.

            While checkForNotify
                ' Check for a notification of an approaching collection.
                Dim s As GCNotificationStatus = GC.WaitForFullGCApproach
                If (s = GCNotificationStatus.Succeeded) Then
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.")
                    OnFullGCApproachNotify()
                ElseIf (s = GCNotificationStatus.Canceled) Then
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.")
                    Exit While
                Else
                    ' This can occur if a timeout period
                    ' is specified for WaitForFullGCApproach(Timeout) 
                    ' or WaitForFullGCComplete(Timeout)  
                    ' and the time out period has elapsed. 
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.")
                    Exit While
                End If

                ' Check for a notification of a completed collection.
                s = GC.WaitForFullGCComplete
                If (s = GCNotificationStatus.Succeeded) Then
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.")
                    OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify()
                ElseIf (s = GCNotificationStatus.Canceled) Then
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.")
                    Exit While
                Else
                    ' Could be a time out.
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.")
                    Exit While
                End If

            End While
            Thread.Sleep(500)
            ' FinalExit is set to true right before  
            ' the main thread cancelled notification.
            If finalExit Then
                Exit While
            End If

        End While
    End Sub


public static void WaitForFullGCProc()
{
    while (true)
    {
        // CheckForNotify is set to true and false in Main.
        while (checkForNotify)
        {
            // Check for a notification of an approaching collection.
            GCNotificationStatus s = GC.WaitForFullGCApproach();
            if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Succeeded)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.");
                OnFullGCApproachNotify();
            }
            else if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Canceled)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.");
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                // This can occur if a timeout period
                // is specified for WaitForFullGCApproach(Timeout) 
                // or WaitForFullGCComplete(Timeout)  
                // and the time out period has elapsed. 
                Console.WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.");
                break;
            }

            // Check for a notification of a completed collection.
            s = GC.WaitForFullGCComplete();
            if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Succeeded)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.");
                OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify();
            }
            else if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Canceled)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.");
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                // Could be a time out.
                Console.WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.");
                break;
            }
        }


        Thread.Sleep(500);
        // FinalExit is set to true right before  
        // the main thread cancelled notification.
        if (finalExit)
        {
            break;
        }
    }

}

public:
    static void WaitForFullGCProc()
    {
        while (true)
        {
            // CheckForNotify is set to true and false in Main.
            while (checkForNotify)
            {
                // Check for a notification of an approaching collection.
                GCNotificationStatus s = GC::WaitForFullGCApproach();
                if (s == GCNotificationStatus::Succeeded)
                {
                    Console::WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.");
                    OnFullGCApproachNotify();
                }
                else if (s == GCNotificationStatus::Canceled)
                {
                    Console::WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.");
                    break;
                }
                else
                {
                    // This can occur if a timeout period
                    // is specified for WaitForFullGCApproach(Timeout)
                    // or WaitForFullGCComplete(Timeout)
                    // and the time out period has elapsed.
                    Console::WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.");
                    break;
                }

                // Check for a notification of a completed collection.
                s = GC::WaitForFullGCComplete();
                if (s == GCNotificationStatus::Succeeded)
                {
                    Console::WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.");
                    OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify();
                }
                else if (s == GCNotificationStatus::Canceled)
                {
                    Console::WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.");
                    break;
                }
                else
                {
                    // Could be a time out.
                    Console::WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.");
                    break;
                }
            }


            Thread::Sleep(500);
            // FinalExit is set to true right before
            // the main thread cancelled notification.
            if (finalExit)
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }

下列程式碼包含 OnFullGCApproachNotify 方法，此方法是從

WaitForFullGCProc 方法呼叫的。

    Public Shared Sub OnFullGCApproachNotify()
        Console.WriteLine("Redirecting requests.")

        ' Method that tells the request queuing  
        ' server to not direct requests to this server. 
        RedirectRequests()

        ' Method that provides time to 
        ' finish processing pending requests. 
        FinishExistingRequests()

        ' This is a good time to induce a GC collection
        ' because the runtime will induce a ful GC soon.
        ' To be very careful, you can check precede with a
        ' check of the GC.GCCollectionCount to make sure
        ' a full GC did not already occur since last notified.
        GC.Collect()
        Console.WriteLine("Induced a collection.")
    End Sub


public static void OnFullGCApproachNotify()
{

    Console.WriteLine("Redirecting requests.");

    // Method that tells the request queuing  
    // server to not direct requests to this server. 
    RedirectRequests();

    // Method that provides time to 
    // finish processing pending requests. 
    FinishExistingRequests();

    // This is a good time to induce a GC collection
    // because the runtime will induce a full GC soon.
    // To be very careful, you can check precede with a
    // check of the GC.GCCollectionCount to make sure
    // a full GC did not already occur since last notified.
    GC.Collect();
    Console.WriteLine("Induced a collection.");

}

public:
    static void OnFullGCApproachNotify()
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Redirecting requests.");

        // Method that tells the request queuing
        // server to not direct requests to this server.
        RedirectRequests();

        // Method that provides time to
        // finish processing pending requests.
        FinishExistingRequests();

        // This is a good time to induce a GC collection
        // because the runtime will induce a full GC soon.
        // To be very careful, you can check precede with a
        // check of the GC.GCCollectionCount to make sure
        // a full GC did not already occur since last notified.
        GC::Collect();
        Console::WriteLine("Induced a collection.");

    }

下列程式碼包含 OnFullGCApproachComplete 方法，此方法是從

WaitForFullGCProc 方法呼叫的。

    Public Shared Sub OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify()
        ' Method that informs the request queuing server
        ' that this server is ready to accept requests again.
        AcceptRequests()
        Console.WriteLine("Accepting requests again.")
    End Sub


public static void OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify()
{
    // Method that informs the request queuing server
    // that this server is ready to accept requests again.
    AcceptRequests();
    Console.WriteLine("Accepting requests again.");
}

public:
    static void OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify()
    {
        // Method that informs the request queuing server
        // that this server is ready to accept requests again.
        AcceptRequests();
        Console::WriteLine("Accepting requests again.");
    }

下列程式碼包含從 OnFullGCApproachNotify 和 OnFullGCCompleteNotify 方法呼叫的使用者方法。 這些使用者方法會重新導向要求、完成現有的要求，然後在完整記憶體回收執行之後繼續要求。

private static void RedirectRequests()
{
    // Code that sends requests
    // to other servers.

    // Suspend work.
    bAllocate = false;

}

private static void FinishExistingRequests()
{
    // Code that waits a period of time
    // for pending requests to finish.

    // Clear the simulated workload.
    load.Clear();

}

private static void AcceptRequests()
{
    // Code that resumes processing
    // requests on this server.

    // Resume work.
    bAllocate = true;

}

private:
    static void RedirectRequests()
    {
        // Code that sends requests
        // to other servers.

        // Suspend work.
        bAllocate = false;

    }

    static void FinishExistingRequests()
    {
        // Code that waits a period of time
        // for pending requests to finish.

        // Clear the simulated workload.
        load->Clear();

    }

    static void AcceptRequests()
    {
        // Code that resumes processing
        // requests on this server.

        // Resume work.
        bAllocate = true;
    }

完整的程式碼範例如下：

Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Threading
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic



Class Program


    ' Variables for continual checking in the
    ' While loop in the WaitForFullGcProc method.
    Private Shared checkForNotify As Boolean = False

    ' Variable for suspending work 
    ' (such as servicing allocated server requests)
    ' after a notification is received and then 
    ' resuming allocation after inducing a garbage collection.
    Private Shared bAllocate As Boolean = False

    ' Variable for ending the example.
    Private Shared finalExit As Boolean = False

    ' Collection for objects that  
    ' simulate the server request workload.
    Private Shared load As New List(Of Byte())


    Public Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
        Try
            ' Register for a notification. 
            GC.RegisterForFullGCNotification(10, 10)
            Console.WriteLine("Registered for GC notification.")

            bAllocate = True
            checkForNotify = True

            ' Start a thread using WaitForFullGCProc.
            Dim thWaitForFullGC As Thread = _
                New Thread(New ThreadStart(AddressOf WaitForFullGCProc))
            thWaitForFullGC.Start()

            ' While the thread is checking for notifications in
            ' WaitForFullGCProc, create objects to simulate a server workload.
            Try
                Dim lastCollCount As Integer = 0
                Dim newCollCount As Integer = 0


                While (True)
                    If bAllocate = True Then

                        load.Add(New Byte(1000) {})
                        newCollCount = GC.CollectionCount(2)
                        If (newCollCount <> lastCollCount) Then
                            ' Show collection count when it increases:
                            Console.WriteLine("Gen 2 collection count: {0}", _
                                              GC.CollectionCount(2).ToString)
                            lastCollCount = newCollCount
                        End If

                        ' For ending the example (arbitrary).
                        If newCollCount = 500 Then
                            finalExit = True
                            checkForNotify = False
                            bAllocate = False
                            Exit While
                        End If

                    End If
                End While

            Catch outofMem As OutOfMemoryException
                Console.WriteLine("Out of memory.")
            End Try

            finalExit = True
            checkForNotify = False
            GC.CancelFullGCNotification()

        Catch invalidOp As InvalidOperationException
            Console.WriteLine("GC Notifications are not supported while concurrent GC is enabled." _
                              & vbLf & invalidOp.Message)
        End Try
    End Sub

    Public Shared Sub OnFullGCApproachNotify()
        Console.WriteLine("Redirecting requests.")

        ' Method that tells the request queuing  
        ' server to not direct requests to this server. 
        RedirectRequests()

        ' Method that provides time to 
        ' finish processing pending requests. 
        FinishExistingRequests()

        ' This is a good time to induce a GC collection
        ' because the runtime will induce a ful GC soon.
        ' To be very careful, you can check precede with a
        ' check of the GC.GCCollectionCount to make sure
        ' a full GC did not already occur since last notified.
        GC.Collect()
        Console.WriteLine("Induced a collection.")
    End Sub

    Public Shared Sub OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify()
        ' Method that informs the request queuing server
        ' that this server is ready to accept requests again.
        AcceptRequests()
        Console.WriteLine("Accepting requests again.")
    End Sub

    Public Shared Sub WaitForFullGCProc()

        While True
            ' CheckForNotify is set to true and false in Main.

            While checkForNotify
                ' Check for a notification of an approaching collection.
                Dim s As GCNotificationStatus = GC.WaitForFullGCApproach
                If (s = GCNotificationStatus.Succeeded) Then
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.")
                    OnFullGCApproachNotify()
                ElseIf (s = GCNotificationStatus.Canceled) Then
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.")
                    Exit While
                Else
                    ' This can occur if a timeout period
                    ' is specified for WaitForFullGCApproach(Timeout) 
                    ' or WaitForFullGCComplete(Timeout)  
                    ' and the time out period has elapsed. 
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.")
                    Exit While
                End If

                ' Check for a notification of a completed collection.
                s = GC.WaitForFullGCComplete
                If (s = GCNotificationStatus.Succeeded) Then
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.")
                    OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify()
                ElseIf (s = GCNotificationStatus.Canceled) Then
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.")
                    Exit While
                Else
                    ' Could be a time out.
                    Console.WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.")
                    Exit While
                End If

            End While
            Thread.Sleep(500)
            ' FinalExit is set to true right before  
            ' the main thread cancelled notification.
            If finalExit Then
                Exit While
            End If

        End While
    End Sub

    Private Shared Sub RedirectRequests()
        ' Code that sends requests
        ' to other servers.

        ' Suspend work.
        bAllocate = False
    End Sub

    Private Shared Sub FinishExistingRequests()
        ' Code that waits a period of time
        ' for pending requests to finish.

        ' Clear the simulated workload.
        load.Clear()

    End Sub

    Private Shared Sub AcceptRequests()
        ' Code that resumes processing
        ' requests on this server.

        ' Resume work.
        bAllocate = True
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;

namespace GCNotify
{
    class Program
    {

        // Variable for continual checking in the 
        // While loop in the WaitForFullGCProc method.
        static bool checkForNotify = false;

        // Variable for suspending work 
        // (such servicing allocated server requests)
        // after a notification is received and then 
        // resuming allocation after inducing a garbage collection.
        static bool bAllocate = false;

        // Variable for ending the example.
        static bool finalExit = false;

        // Collection for objects that  
        // simulate the server request workload.
        static List<byte[]> load = new List<byte[]>();


        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                // Register for a notification. 
                GC.RegisterForFullGCNotification(10, 10);
                Console.WriteLine("Registered for GC notification.");

                checkForNotify = true;
                bAllocate = true;

                // Start a thread using WaitForFullGCProc.
                Thread thWaitForFullGC = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WaitForFullGCProc));
                thWaitForFullGC.Start();

                // While the thread is checking for notifications in
                // WaitForFullGCProc, create objects to simulate a server workload.
                try
                {

                    int lastCollCount = 0;
                    int newCollCount = 0;


                    while (true)
                    {
                        if (bAllocate)
                        {
                            load.Add(new byte[1000]);
                            newCollCount = GC.CollectionCount(2);
                            if (newCollCount != lastCollCount)
                            {
                                // Show collection count when it increases:
                                Console.WriteLine("Gen 2 collection count: {0}", GC.CollectionCount(2).ToString());
                                lastCollCount = newCollCount;
                            }

                            // For ending the example (arbitrary).
                            if (newCollCount == 500)
                            {
                                finalExit = true;
                                checkForNotify = false;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                }
                catch (OutOfMemoryException)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Out of memory.");
                }


                finalExit = true;
                checkForNotify = false;
                GC.CancelFullGCNotification();

            }
            catch (InvalidOperationException invalidOp)
            {

                Console.WriteLine("GC Notifications are not supported while concurrent GC is enabled.\n"
                    + invalidOp.Message);
            }
        }




        public static void OnFullGCApproachNotify()
        {

            Console.WriteLine("Redirecting requests.");

            // Method that tells the request queuing  
            // server to not direct requests to this server. 
            RedirectRequests();

            // Method that provides time to 
            // finish processing pending requests. 
            FinishExistingRequests();

            // This is a good time to induce a GC collection
            // because the runtime will induce a full GC soon.
            // To be very careful, you can check precede with a
            // check of the GC.GCCollectionCount to make sure
            // a full GC did not already occur since last notified.
            GC.Collect();
            Console.WriteLine("Induced a collection.");

        }


        public static void OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify()
        {
            // Method that informs the request queuing server
            // that this server is ready to accept requests again.
            AcceptRequests();
            Console.WriteLine("Accepting requests again.");
        }

        public static void WaitForFullGCProc()
        {
            while (true)
            {
                // CheckForNotify is set to true and false in Main.
                while (checkForNotify)
                {
                    // Check for a notification of an approaching collection.
                    GCNotificationStatus s = GC.WaitForFullGCApproach();
                    if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Succeeded)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.");
                        OnFullGCApproachNotify();
                    }
                    else if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Canceled)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.");
                        break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // This can occur if a timeout period
                        // is specified for WaitForFullGCApproach(Timeout) 
                        // or WaitForFullGCComplete(Timeout)  
                        // and the time out period has elapsed. 
                        Console.WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.");
                        break;
                    }

                    // Check for a notification of a completed collection.
                    s = GC.WaitForFullGCComplete();
                    if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Succeeded)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.");
                        OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify();
                    }
                    else if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Canceled)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.");
                        break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // Could be a time out.
                        Console.WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.");
                        break;
                    }
                }


                Thread.Sleep(500);
                // FinalExit is set to true right before  
                // the main thread cancelled notification.
                if (finalExit)
                {
                    break;
                }
            }

        }

        private static void RedirectRequests()
        {
            // Code that sends requests
            // to other servers.

            // Suspend work.
            bAllocate = false;

        }

        private static void FinishExistingRequests()
        {
            // Code that waits a period of time
            // for pending requests to finish.

            // Clear the simulated workload.
            load.Clear();

        }

        private static void AcceptRequests()
        {
            // Code that resumes processing
            // requests on this server.

            // Resume work.
            bAllocate = true;

        }
    }
}

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;
using namespace System::Threading;

namespace GCNotify
{
    ref class Program
    {
    private:
        // Variable for continual checking in the
        // While loop in the WaitForFullGCProc method.
        static bool checkForNotify = false;

        // Variable for suspending work
        // (such servicing allocated server requests)
        // after a notification is received and then
        // resuming allocation after inducing a garbage collection.
        static bool bAllocate = false;

        // Variable for ending the example.
        static bool finalExit = false;

        // Collection for objects that
        // simulate the server request workload.
        static List<array<Byte>^>^ load = gcnew List<array<Byte>^>();


    public:
        static void Main()
        {
            try
            {
                // Register for a notification.
                GC::RegisterForFullGCNotification(10, 10);
                Console::WriteLine("Registered for GC notification.");

                checkForNotify = true;
                bAllocate = true;

                // Start a thread using WaitForFullGCProc.
                Thread^ thWaitForFullGC = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(&WaitForFullGCProc));
                thWaitForFullGC->Start();

                // While the thread is checking for notifications in
                // WaitForFullGCProc, create objects to simulate a server workload.
                try
                {
                    int lastCollCount = 0;
                    int newCollCount = 0;


                    while (true)
                    {
                        if (bAllocate)
                        {
                            load->Add(gcnew array<Byte>(1000));
                            newCollCount = GC::CollectionCount(2);
                            if (newCollCount != lastCollCount)
                            {
                                // Show collection count when it increases:
                                Console::WriteLine("Gen 2 collection count: {0}", GC::CollectionCount(2).ToString());
                                lastCollCount = newCollCount;
                            }

                            // For ending the example (arbitrary).
                            if (newCollCount == 500)
                            {
                                finalExit = true;
                                checkForNotify = false;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                }
                catch (OutOfMemoryException^)
                {
                    Console::WriteLine("Out of memory.");
                }


                finalExit = true;
                checkForNotify = false;
                GC::CancelFullGCNotification();

            }
            catch (InvalidOperationException^ invalidOp)
            {

                Console::WriteLine("GC Notifications are not supported while concurrent GC is enabled.\n"
                    + invalidOp->Message);
            }
        }

    public:
        static void OnFullGCApproachNotify()
        {
            Console::WriteLine("Redirecting requests.");

            // Method that tells the request queuing
            // server to not direct requests to this server.
            RedirectRequests();

            // Method that provides time to
            // finish processing pending requests.
            FinishExistingRequests();

            // This is a good time to induce a GC collection
            // because the runtime will induce a full GC soon.
            // To be very careful, you can check precede with a
            // check of the GC.GCCollectionCount to make sure
            // a full GC did not already occur since last notified.
            GC::Collect();
            Console::WriteLine("Induced a collection.");

        }


    public:
        static void OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify()
        {
            // Method that informs the request queuing server
            // that this server is ready to accept requests again.
            AcceptRequests();
            Console::WriteLine("Accepting requests again.");
        }

    public:
        static void WaitForFullGCProc()
        {
            while (true)
            {
                // CheckForNotify is set to true and false in Main.
                while (checkForNotify)
                {
                    // Check for a notification of an approaching collection.
                    GCNotificationStatus s = GC::WaitForFullGCApproach();
                    if (s == GCNotificationStatus::Succeeded)
                    {
                        Console::WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.");
                        OnFullGCApproachNotify();
                    }
                    else if (s == GCNotificationStatus::Canceled)
                    {
                        Console::WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.");
                        break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // This can occur if a timeout period
                        // is specified for WaitForFullGCApproach(Timeout)
                        // or WaitForFullGCComplete(Timeout)
                        // and the time out period has elapsed.
                        Console::WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.");
                        break;
                    }

                    // Check for a notification of a completed collection.
                    s = GC::WaitForFullGCComplete();
                    if (s == GCNotificationStatus::Succeeded)
                    {
                        Console::WriteLine("GC Notifiction raised.");
                        OnFullGCCompleteEndNotify();
                    }
                    else if (s == GCNotificationStatus::Canceled)
                    {
                        Console::WriteLine("GC Notification cancelled.");
                        break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // Could be a time out.
                        Console::WriteLine("GC Notification not applicable.");
                        break;
                    }
                }


                Thread::Sleep(500);
                // FinalExit is set to true right before
                // the main thread cancelled notification.
                if (finalExit)
                {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

    private:
        static void RedirectRequests()
        {
            // Code that sends requests
            // to other servers.

            // Suspend work.
            bAllocate = false;

        }

        static void FinishExistingRequests()
        {
            // Code that waits a period of time
            // for pending requests to finish.

            // Clear the simulated workload.
            load->Clear();

        }

        static void AcceptRequests()
        {
            // Code that resumes processing
            // requests on this server.

            // Resume work.
            bAllocate = true;
        }
    };
}

int main()
{
    GCNotify::Program::Main();
}

請參閱

概念

記憶體回收