Exemplo de nível de isolamento com base em controle de versão de linha

Neste exemplo, uma transação sendo executada sob um isolamento de instantâneo lê dados que são então modificados por outra transação. A transação de instantâneo não bloqueia a operação de atualização executada pela outra transação, e continua lendo dados do controle de versão de linha, ao mesmo tempo em que ignora a modificação de dados. Porém, quando a transação de instantâneo tentar modificar os dados que já foram modificados pela outra transação, a transação de instantâneo gera um erro e é terminada.

Sessão 1:

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Enable snapshot isolation on the database.
ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks2008R2
    SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION ON;
GO

-- Start a snapshot transaction
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SNAPSHOT;
GO

BEGIN TRANSACTION;
    -- This SELECT statement will return
    -- 48 vacation hours for the employee.
    SELECT BusinessEntityID, VacationHours
        FROM HumanResources.Employee
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

Sessão 2:

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Start a transaction.
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
    -- Subtract a vacation day from employee 4.
    -- Update is not blocked by session 1 since
    -- under snapshot isolation shared locks are
    -- not requested.
    UPDATE HumanResources.Employee
        SET VacationHours = VacationHours - 8
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

    -- Verify that the employee now has 40 vacation hours.
    SELECT VacationHours
        FROM HumanResources.Employee
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

Sessão 1:

    -- Reissue the SELECT statement - this shows
    -- the employee having 48 vacation hours.  The
    -- snapshot transaction is still reading data from
    -- the versioned row.
    SELECT BusinessEntityID, VacationHours
        FROM HumanResources.Employee
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

Sessão 2:

-- Commit the transaction; this commits the data
-- modification.
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
GO

Sessão 1:

    -- Reissue the SELECT statement - this still 
    -- shows the employee having 48 vacation hours
    -- even after the other transaction has committed
    -- the data modification.
    SELECT BusinessEntityID, VacationHours
        FROM HumanResources.Employee
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

    -- Because the data has been modified outside of the
    -- snapshot transaction, any further data changes to 
    -- that data by the snapshot transaction will cause 
    -- the snapshot transaction to fail. This statement 
    -- will generate a 3960 error and the transaction will 
    -- terminate.
    UPDATE HumanResources.Employee
        SET SickLeaveHours = SickLeaveHours - 8
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

-- Undo the changes to the database from session 1. 
-- This will not undo the change from session 2.
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
GO

Neste exemplo, uma transação confirmada por leitura usando controle de versão de linha é executada simultaneamente com outra transação. A transação confirmada por leitura se comporta diferentemente de uma transação de instantâneo. Como uma transação de instantâneo, a transação confirmada por leitura lerá controles de versão de linha, mesmo após a outra transação ter modificado os dados. Entretanto, diferentemente de uma transação de instantâneo, a transação confirmada por leitura irá:

• Ler os dados modificados depois que a outra transação confirmar as mudanças de dados.

• Poder atualizar os dados modificados pela outra transação onde a transação de instantâneo não pôde.

Sessão 1:

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Enable READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT on the database.
-- For this statement to succeed, this session
-- must be the only connection to the AdventureWorks2008R2
-- database.
ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks2008R2
    SET READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT ON;
GO

-- Start a read-committed transaction
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED;
GO

BEGIN TRANSACTION;
    -- This SELECT statement will return
    -- 48 vacation hours for the employee.
    SELECT BusinessEntityID, VacationHours
        FROM HumanResources.Employee
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

Sessão 2:

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Start a transaction.
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
    -- Subtract a vacation day from employee 4.
    -- Update is not blocked by session 1 since
    -- under read-committed using row versioning shared locks are
    -- not requested.
    UPDATE HumanResources.Employee
        SET VacationHours = VacationHours - 8
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

    -- Verify that the employee now has 40 vacation hours.
    SELECT VacationHours
        FROM HumanResources.Employee
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

Sessão 1:

    -- Reissue the SELECT statement - this still shows
    -- the employee having 48 vacation hours.  The
    -- read-committed transaction is still reading data 
    -- from the versioned row and the other transaction 
    -- has not committed the data changes yet.
    SELECT BusinessEntityID, VacationHours
        FROM HumanResources.Employee
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

Sessão 2:

-- Commit the transaction.
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
GO

Sessão 1:

    -- Reissue the SELECT statement which now shows the 
    -- employee having 40 vacation hours.  Being 
    -- read-committed, this transaction is reading the 
    -- committed data. This is different from snapshot
    -- isolation which reads from the versioned row.
    SELECT BusinessEntityID, VacationHours
        FROM HumanResources.Employee
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

    -- This statement, which caused the snapshot transaction 
    -- to fail, will succeed with read-committed using row versioning.
    UPDATE HumanResources.Employee
        SET SickLeaveHours = SickLeaveHours - 8
        WHERE BusinessEntityID = 4;

-- Undo the changes to the database from session 1. 
-- This will not undo the change from session 2.
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
GO