Environment Classe

Riferimento

Definizione

Spazio dei nomi:: System

Assembly:: System.Runtime.Extensions.dll

Assembly:: System.Runtime.dll

Assembly:: mscorlib.dll

Assembly:: netstandard.dll

Source:: Environment.cs

Source:: Environment.cs

Source:: Environment.cs

Importante

Alcune informazioni sono relative alla release non definitiva del prodotto, che potrebbe subire modifiche significative prima della release definitiva. Microsoft non riconosce alcuna garanzia, espressa o implicita, in merito alle informazioni qui fornite.

Fornisce informazioni e mezzi per manipolare l'ambiente e la piattaforma correnti. La classe non può essere ereditata.

public ref class Environment abstract sealed

public ref class Environment sealed

public static class Environment

public sealed class Environment

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public static class Environment

type Environment = class

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type Environment = class

Public Class Environment

Public NotInheritable Class Environment

Ereditarietà: Object
Environment

Attributi: ComVisibleAttribute

Esempio

Nell'esempio seguente viene visualizzato un elenco di informazioni sull'ambiente corrente.

// Sample for Environment class summary
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
int main()
{
   String^ str;
   String^ nl = Environment::NewLine;
   
   //
   Console::WriteLine();
   Console::WriteLine( "-- Environment members --" );
   
   //  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
   Console::WriteLine( "CommandLine: {0}", Environment::CommandLine );
   array<String^>^arguments = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
   Console::WriteLine( "GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String::Join( ", ", arguments ) );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment::CurrentDirectory );
   Console::WriteLine( "ExitCode: {0}", Environment::ExitCode );
   Console::WriteLine( "HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment::HasShutdownStarted );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "MachineName: {0}", Environment::MachineName );
   Console::WriteLine( "NewLine: {0}  first line {0}  second line {0}  third line", Environment::NewLine );
   Console::WriteLine( "OSVersion: {0}", Environment::OSVersion );
   Console::WriteLine( "StackTrace: ' {0}'", Environment::StackTrace );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment::SystemDirectory );
   Console::WriteLine( "TickCount: {0}", Environment::TickCount );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "UserDomainName: {0}", Environment::UserDomainName );
   Console::WriteLine( "UserInteractive: {0}", Environment::UserInteractive );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "UserName: {0}", Environment::UserName );
   Console::WriteLine( "Version: {0}", Environment::Version );
   Console::WriteLine( "WorkingSet: {0}", Environment::WorkingSet );
   
   //  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   String^ query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
   str = Environment::ExpandEnvironmentVariables( query );
   Console::WriteLine( "ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0} {1}", nl, str );
   Console::WriteLine( "GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is {1}.", nl, Environment::GetEnvironmentVariable( "TEMP" ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "GetEnvironmentVariables: " );
   IDictionary^ environmentVariables = Environment::GetEnvironmentVariables();
   IEnumerator^ myEnum = environmentVariables->GetEnumerator();
   while ( myEnum->MoveNext() )
   {
      DictionaryEntry^ de = safe_cast<DictionaryEntry^>(myEnum->Current);
      Console::WriteLine( " {0} = {1}", de->Key, de->Value );
   }

   Console::WriteLine( "GetFolderPath: {0}", Environment::GetFolderPath( Environment::SpecialFolder::System ) );
   array<String^>^drives = Environment::GetLogicalDrives();
   Console::WriteLine( "GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String::Join( ", ", drives ) );
}

/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
secure has been omitted and marked S"!---OMITTED---!".)

C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT

-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
  first line
  second line
  third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: '   at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System::Environment::get_StackTrace()
   at Sample::Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables:
  !---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

*/

// Sample for Environment class summary
using System;
using System.Collections;

class Sample
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string str;
        string nl = Environment.NewLine;
        //
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --");

        //  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
        Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine);

        string[] arguments = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
        Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String.Join(", ", arguments));

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory);

        Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode);

        Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment.HasShutdownStarted);

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName);

        Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0}  first line{0}  second line{0}  third line",
                              Environment.NewLine);

        Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString());

        Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace);

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory);

        Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount);

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName);

        Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive);

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName);

        Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString());

        Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet);

        //  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        string query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
        str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query);
        Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0}  {1}", nl, str);

        Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is {1}.", nl,
                               Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"));

        Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ");
        IDictionary environmentVariables = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables();
        foreach (DictionaryEntry de in environmentVariables)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("  {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}",
                     Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System));

        string[] drives = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
        Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String.Join(", ", drives));
    }
}
/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain
secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)

C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT

-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
  first line
  second line
  third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
   at Sample.Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables:
  !---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

*/

// Sample for Environment class summary
open System
open System.Collections

let nl = Environment.NewLine

printfn ""
printfn "-- Environment members --"

//  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
printfn $"CommandLine: {Environment.CommandLine}"

Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
|> String.concat ", "
|> printfn "GetCommandLineArgs: %s"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"CurrentDirectory: {Environment.CurrentDirectory}"

printfn $"ExitCode: {Environment.ExitCode}"

printfn $"HasShutdownStarted: {Environment.HasShutdownStarted}"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"MachineName: {Environment.MachineName}"

printfn $"NewLine: {nl}  first line{nl}  second line{nl}  third line"

printfn $"OSVersion: {Environment.OSVersion}"

printfn $"StackTrace: '{Environment.StackTrace}'"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"SystemDirectory: {Environment.SystemDirectory}"

printfn $"TickCount: {Environment.TickCount}"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"UserDomainName: {Environment.UserDomainName}"

printfn $"UserInteractive: {Environment.UserInteractive}"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"UserName: {Environment.UserName}"

printfn $"Version: {Environment.Version}"

printfn $"WorkingSet: {Environment.WorkingSet}"

//  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
let query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%"
let str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables query
printfn $"ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {nl}  {str}"

printfn $"""GetEnvironmentVariable: {nl}  My temporary directory is {Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable "TEMP"}."""

printfn "GetEnvironmentVariables: "
let environmentVariables = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables()
for de in environmentVariables do
    let de = de :?> DictionaryEntry
    printfn $"  {de.Key} = {de.Value}"

printfn $"GetFolderPath: {Environment.GetFolderPath Environment.SpecialFolder.System}"

Environment.GetLogicalDrives()
|> String.concat ", "
|> printfn "GetLogicalDrives: %s"

// This example produces results similar to the following:
//     (Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain
//     secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)
//     
//     C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
//     
//     -- Environment members --
//     CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
//     GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
//     CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
//     ExitCode: 0
//     HasShutdownStarted: False
//     MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
//     NewLine:
//       first line
//       second line
//       third line
//     OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
//     StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
//        at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
//        at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
//        at Sample.Main()'
//     SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
//     TickCount: 17995355
//     UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
//     UserInteractive: True
//     UserName: !---OMITTED---!
//     Version: !---OMITTED---!
//     WorkingSet: 5038080
//     ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
//       My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
//     GetEnvironmentVariable:
//       My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
//     GetEnvironmentVariables:
//       !---OMITTED---!
//     GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
//     GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

' Sample for Environment class summary
Imports System.Collections

Class Sample
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      Dim str As [String]
      Dim nl As [String] = Environment.NewLine
      '
      Console.WriteLine()
      Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --")
      
      '  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
      Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine)
      
      Dim arguments As [String]() = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
      Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", [String].Join(", ", arguments))
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory)
      
      Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode)
      
      Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment.HasShutdownStarted)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0}  first line{0}  second line{0}" & _
                        "  third line", Environment.NewLine)
      
      Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString())
      
      Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory)
      
      Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString())
      
      Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet)
      
      '  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.

      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Dim query As [String] = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my" & _
                              " system root is %SystemRoot%"
      str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query)
      Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0}  {1}", nl, str)
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is {1}.", _
                        nl, Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"))
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ")
      Dim environmentVariables As IDictionary = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables()
      Dim de As DictionaryEntry
      For Each de In environmentVariables
         Console.WriteLine("  {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value)
      Next de
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}", _
              Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System))
      
      Dim drives As [String]() = Environment.GetLogicalDrives()
      Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", [String].Join(", ", drives))
   End Sub
End Class
'
'This example produces results similar to the following:
'(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
'secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)
'
'C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'
'-- Environment members --
'CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
'CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
'ExitCode: 0
'HasShutdownStarted: False
'MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
'NewLine:
'  first line
'  second line
'  third line
'OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
'StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
'   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
'   at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
'   at Sample.Main()'
'SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
'TickCount: 17995355
'UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
'UserInteractive: True
'UserName: !---OMITTED---!
'Version: !---OMITTED---!
'WorkingSet: 5038080
'ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
'  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
'GetEnvironmentVariable:
'  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
'GetEnvironmentVariables: 
'  !---OMITTED---!
'GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
'GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\
'

Commenti

Usare la Environment classe per recuperare informazioni quali gli argomenti della riga di comando, il codice di uscita, le impostazioni delle variabili di ambiente, il contenuto dello stack di chiamate, l'ora dall'ultimo avvio del sistema e la versione di Common Language Runtime.

Proprietà

CommandLine	Ottiene la riga di comando per questo processo.
CurrentDirectory	Ottiene o imposta il percorso completo della directory di lavoro corrente.
CurrentManagedThreadId	Ottiene un identificatore univoco per il thread gestito corrente.
ExitCode	Ottiene o imposta il codice di uscita del processo.
HasShutdownStarted	Ottiene un valore che indica se si sta scaricando il dominio applicazione corrente o se è in corso la chiusura di Common Language Runtime (CLR).
Is64BitOperatingSystem	Ottiene un valore che indica se il sistema operativo corrente è a 64 bit.
Is64BitProcess	Ottiene un valore che indica se il processo corrente è a 64 bit.
IsPrivilegedProcess	Ottiene un valore che indica se il processo corrente è autorizzato a eseguire funzioni rilevanti per la sicurezza.
MachineName	Ottiene il nome NetBIOS del computer locale.
NewLine	Ottiene la stringa della nuova riga definita per questo ambiente.
OSVersion	Ottiene l'identificatore della piattaforma corrente e il numero di versione.
ProcessId	Ottiene un identificatore univoco per il processo corrente.
ProcessorCount	Ottiene il numero di processori disponibili per il processo corrente.
ProcessPath	Restituisce il percorso del file eseguibile che ha avviato il processo attualmente in esecuzione. Restituisce `null` quando il percorso non è disponibile.
StackTrace	Ottiene informazioni sull'analisi dello stack corrente.
SystemDirectory	Recupera il percorso completo della directory di sistema.
SystemPageSize	Ottiene il numero di byte nella pagina di memoria del sistema operativo.
TickCount	Ottiene il numero di millisecondi trascorsi dall'avvio del sistema.
TickCount64	Ottiene il numero di millisecondi trascorsi dall'avvio del sistema.
UserDomainName	Ottiene il nome del dominio di rete associato all'utente corrente.
UserInteractive	Ottiene un valore che indica se il processo corrente viene eseguito in modalità interattiva utente.
UserName	Ottiene il nome utente della persona associata al thread corrente.
Version	Ottiene una versione costituita da numeri di versione principale, di versione secondaria, di build e di revisione di Common Language Runtime.
WorkingSet	Ottiene la quantità di memoria fisica associata al contesto del processo.

Metodi

Exit(Int32)	Termina questo processo e restituisce un codice di uscita al sistema operativo.
ExpandEnvironmentVariables(String)	Sostituisce il nome di ogni variabile di ambiente incorporata nella stringa specificata con l'equivalente di stringa del valore della variabile, quindi restituisce la stringa risultante.
FailFast(String)	Termina immediatamente il processo prima di segnalare un messaggio di errore. Per Windows, il messaggio di errore viene scritto nel registro eventi dell'applicazione di Windows e il messaggio viene incluso nella segnalazione errori a Microsoft. Per i sistemi simili a Unix, il messaggio, insieme all'analisi dello stack, viene scritto nel flusso di errore standard.
FailFast(String, Exception)	Termina immediatamente il processo prima di segnalare un messaggio di errore. Per Windows, il messaggio di errore viene scritto nel registro eventi dell'applicazione Di Windows e le informazioni sul messaggio e sulle eccezioni sono incluse nella segnalazione errori a Microsoft. Per i sistemi simili a Unix, il messaggio insieme all'analisi dello stack viene scritto nel flusso di errore standard.
GetCommandLineArgs()	Restituisce una matrice di stringa contenente gli argomenti della riga di comando per il processo corrente.
GetEnvironmentVariable(String)	Recupera dal processo corrente il valore di una variabile di ambiente.
GetEnvironmentVariable(String, EnvironmentVariableTarget)	Recupera il valore di una variabile di ambiente dal processo corrente o dalla chiave del Registro del sistema operativo Windows per l'utente corrente o per il computer locale.
GetEnvironmentVariables()	Recupera tutti i nomi delle variabili di ambiente e i rispettivi valori dal processo corrente.
GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget)	Recupera tutti i nomi delle variabili di ambiente e i rispettivi valori dal processo corrente o dalla chiave del Registro del sistema operativo Windows per l'utente corrente o per il computer locale.
GetFolderPath(Environment+SpecialFolder)	Ottiene il percorso della cartella speciale di sistema specificata.
GetFolderPath(Environment+SpecialFolder, Environment+SpecialFolderOption)	Ottiene il percorso della cartella speciale di sistema specificata utilizzando un'opzione specificata per accedere a cartelle speciali.
GetLogicalDrives()	Restituisce una matrice di stringa contenente i nomi delle unità logiche sul computer corrente.
SetEnvironmentVariable(String, String)	Crea, modifica o elimina una variabile di ambiente memorizzata nel processo corrente.
SetEnvironmentVariable(String, String, EnvironmentVariableTarget)	Crea, modifica o elimina una variabile di ambiente memorizzata nel processo corrente o nella chiave del Registro del sistema operativo Windows riservata all'utente corrente o al computer locale.

Si applica a