Panoramica su allineamento, margini e spaziatura interna

  • Articolo

La FrameworkElement classe espone diverse proprietà utilizzate per posizionare con precisione gli elementi figlio. Questo argomento illustra quattro delle proprietà più importanti: HorizontalAlignment, Margin, Paddinge VerticalAlignment. Gli effetti di queste proprietà sono importanti da comprendere, perché forniscono la base per controllare la posizione degli elementi nelle applicazioni Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF).

Introduzione al posizionamento degli elementi

Esistono diversi modi per posizionare gli elementi usando WPF. Tuttavia, il raggiungimento del layout ideale va oltre la semplice scelta dell'elemento giusto Panel . Il controllo corretto del posizionamento richiede una conoscenza delle HorizontalAlignmentproprietà , MarginPadding, e VerticalAlignment .

La figura seguente illustra uno scenario di layout in cui vengono usate diverse proprietà di posizionamento.

WPF Positioning Properties Sample

A prima vista, gli Button elementi in questa illustrazione potrebbero sembrare posizionati in modo casuale. Le posizioni sono in realtà controllate con precisione usando una combinazione di margini, allineamento e spaziatura interna.

L'esempio seguente descrive come creare il layout nella figura precedente. Un Border elemento incapsula un elemento padre StackPanelcon un Padding valore di 15 pixel indipendenti dal dispositivo. Ciò rappresenta la banda stretta LightBlue che circonda l'elemento figlio StackPanel. Gli elementi figlio di StackPanel vengono utilizzati per illustrare ognuna delle varie proprietà di posizionamento descritte in questo argomento. Vengono usati tre Button elementi per illustrare le Margin proprietà e HorizontalAlignment .


// Create the application's main Window.
mainWindow = new Window ();
mainWindow.Title = "Margins, Padding and Alignment Sample";

// Add a Border
myBorder = new Border();
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue;
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black;
myBorder.Padding = new Thickness(15);
myBorder.BorderThickness = new Thickness(2);

myStackPanel = new StackPanel();
myStackPanel.Background = Brushes.White;
myStackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myStackPanel.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;

TextBlock myTextBlock = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock.Margin = new Thickness(5, 0, 5, 0);
myTextBlock.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock.Text = "Alignment, Margin and Padding Sample";
Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
myButton1.Margin = new Thickness(20);
myButton1.Content = "Button 1";
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Right;
myButton2.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton2.Content = "Button 2";
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch;
myButton3.Margin = new Thickness(0);
myButton3.Content = "Button 3";

// Add child elements to the parent StackPanel.
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton1);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton2);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton3);

// Add the StackPanel as the lone Child of the Border.
myBorder.Child = myStackPanel;

// Add the Border as the Content of the Parent Window Object.
mainWindow.Content = myBorder;
mainWindow.Show ();


WindowTitle = "Margins, Padding and Alignment Sample"

'Add a Border.
Dim myBorder As New Border()
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black
myBorder.Padding = New Thickness(15)
myBorder.BorderThickness = New Thickness(2)

Dim myStackPanel As New StackPanel()
myStackPanel.Background = Brushes.White
myStackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myStackPanel.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top

Dim myTextBlock As New TextBlock()
myTextBlock.Margin = New Thickness(5, 0, 5, 0)
myTextBlock.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock.Text = "Alignment, Margin and Padding Sample"
Dim myButton1 As New Button()
myButton1.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left
myButton1.Margin = New Thickness(20)
myButton1.Content = "Button 1"
Dim myButton2 As New Button()
myButton2.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Right
myButton2.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton2.Content = "Button 2"
Dim myButton3 As New Button()
myButton3.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Stretch
myButton3.Margin = New Thickness(0)
myButton3.Content = "Button 3"

'Add child elements to the parent StackPanel.
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton1)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton2)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton3)

'Add the StackPanel as the lone Child of the Border.
myBorder.Child = myStackPanel

' Add the Canvas as the lone Child of the Border
myBorder.Child = myStackPanel
Me.Content = myBorder

Il diagramma seguente mostra una visualizzazione dettagliata delle varie proprietà di posizionamento usate nell'esempio precedente. Le sezioni successive di questo argomento descrivono in maggior dettaglio come usare ogni proprietà di posizionamento.

Positioning Properties with Screen Call-outs

Informazioni sulle proprietà di allineamento

Le HorizontalAlignment proprietà e VerticalAlignment descrivono come posizionare un elemento figlio all'interno dello spazio di layout allocato di un elemento padre. Usando insieme queste proprietà, è possibile posizionare con precisione gli elementi figlio. Ad esempio, gli elementi figlio di un DockPanel oggetto possono specificare quattro diversi allineamenti orizzontali: Left, Righto Centero per Stretch riempire lo spazio disponibile. Per il posizionamento verticale sono disponibili valori analoghi.

Nota

Impostare in modo esplicito Height le proprietà e Width su un elemento hanno la precedenza sul valore della Stretch proprietà. Il tentativo di impostare Height, e un HorizontalAlignment valore di Stretch restituisce la StretchWidthrichiesta ignorata.

Proprietà HorizontalAlignment

La HorizontalAlignment proprietà dichiara le caratteristiche di allineamento orizzontale da applicare agli elementi figlio. Nella tabella seguente vengono illustrati i valori possibili della HorizontalAlignment proprietà .

Membro Descrizione
Left Gli elementi figlio sono allineati a sinistra dello spazio di layout allocato dell'elemento padre.
Center Gli elementi figlio sono allineati al centro dello spazio di layout allocato dell'elemento padre.
Right Gli elementi figlio sono allineati a destra dello spazio di layout allocato dell'elemento padre.
Stretch (impostazione predefinita) Gli elementi figlio vengono estesi fino a riempire lo spazio di layout allocato dell'elemento padre. I valori e Height espliciti Width hanno la precedenza.

Nell'esempio seguente viene illustrato come applicare la HorizontalAlignment proprietà agli Button elementi. Vengono visualizzati tutti i valori di attributo per illustrare i diversi comportamenti di rendering.

Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
myButton1.Content = "Button 1 (Left)";
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Right;
myButton2.Content = "Button 2 (Right)";
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myButton3.Content = "Button 3 (Center)";
Button myButton4 = new Button();
myButton4.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch;
myButton4.Content = "Button 4 (Stretch)";

Dim myButton1 As New Button()
myButton1.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left
myButton1.Margin = New Thickness(20)
myButton1.Content = "Button 1"
Dim myButton2 As New Button()
myButton2.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Right
myButton2.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton2.Content = "Button 2"
Dim myButton3 As New Button()
myButton3.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myButton3.Margin = New Thickness(0)
myButton3.Content = "Button 3"
Dim myButton4 As New Button()
myButton4.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Stretch
myButton4.Content = "Button 4 (Stretch)"

Il risultato del codice precedente è simile a quello riportato nell'immagine seguente. Gli effetti di posizionamento di ogni HorizontalAlignment valore sono visibili nell'illustrazione.

HorizontalAlignment Sample

Proprietà VerticalAlignment

La VerticalAlignment proprietà descrive le caratteristiche di allineamento verticale da applicare agli elementi figlio. Nella tabella seguente vengono illustrati i valori possibili per la VerticalAlignment proprietà .

Membro Descrizione
Top Gli elementi figlio sono allineati in alto nello spazio di layout allocato dell'elemento padre.
Center Gli elementi figlio sono allineati al centro dello spazio di layout allocato dell'elemento padre.
Bottom Gli elementi figlio sono allineati in basso nello spazio di layout allocato dell'elemento padre.
Stretch (impostazione predefinita) Gli elementi figlio vengono estesi fino a riempire lo spazio di layout allocato dell'elemento padre. I valori e Height espliciti Width hanno la precedenza.

Nell'esempio seguente viene illustrato come applicare la VerticalAlignment proprietà agli Button elementi. Vengono visualizzati tutti i valori di attributo per illustrare i diversi comportamenti di rendering. Ai fini di questo esempio, un Grid elemento con griglie visibili viene usato come elemento padre per illustrare meglio il comportamento di layout di ogni valore della proprietà.

TextBlock myTextBlock = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock.Text = "VerticalAlignment Sample";
Grid.SetRow(myTextBlock, 0);
Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
myButton1.Content = "Button 1 (Top)";
Grid.SetRow(myButton1, 1);
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Bottom;
myButton2.Content = "Button 2 (Bottom)";
Grid.SetRow(myButton2, 2);
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;
myButton3.Content = "Button 3 (Center)";
Grid.SetRow(myButton3, 3);
Button myButton4 = new Button();
myButton4.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Stretch;
myButton4.Content = "Button 4 (Stretch)";
Grid.SetRow(myButton4, 4);

Dim myTextBlock As New TextBlock()
myTextBlock.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock.Text = "VerticalAlignment Sample"
Grid.SetRow(myTextBlock, 0)
Dim myButton1 As New Button()
myButton1.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top
myButton1.Content = "Button 1 (Top)"
Grid.SetRow(myButton1, 1)
Dim myButton2 As New Button()
myButton2.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Bottom
myButton2.Content = "Button 2 (Bottom)"
Grid.SetRow(myButton2, 2)
Dim myButton3 As New Button()
myButton3.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Center
myButton3.Content = "Button 3 (Center)"
Grid.SetRow(myButton3, 3)
Dim myButton4 As New Button()
myButton4.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Stretch
myButton4.Content = "Button 4 (Stretch)"
Grid.SetRow(myButton4, 4)

<Page xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
      xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
      WindowTitle="VerticalAlignment Sample">
  <Border Background="LightBlue" BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="2" Padding="15">
    <Grid Background="White" ShowGridLines="True">
      <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition Height="25"/>
        <RowDefinition Height="50"/>
        <RowDefinition Height="50"/>
        <RowDefinition Height="50"/>
        <RowDefinition Height="50"/>
      </Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="18" HorizontalAlignment="Center">VerticalAlignment Sample</TextBlock>
            <Button Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Top">Button 1 (Top)</Button>
            <Button Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Bottom">Button 2 (Bottom)</Button>    
            <Button Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Center">Button 3 (Center)</Button>
            <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Stretch">Button 4 (Stretch)</Button>          
    </Grid>
  </Border>    
</Page>

Il risultato del codice precedente è simile a quello riportato nell'immagine seguente. Gli effetti di posizionamento di ogni VerticalAlignment valore sono visibili nell'illustrazione.

VerticalAlignment property sample

Informazioni sulla proprietà Margin

La Margin proprietà descrive la distanza tra un elemento e i relativi elementi figlio o peer. Margin i valori possono essere uniformi, usando la sintassi come Margin="20". Con questa sintassi, all'elemento verrà applicata un'uniforme Margin di 20 pixel indipendenti dal dispositivo. Margin I valori possono anche assumere la forma di quattro valori distinti, ognuno dei quali descrive un margine distinto da applicare a sinistra, in alto, a destra e in basso (in tale ordine), ad esempio Margin="0,10,5,25". L'uso corretto della Margin proprietà consente un controllo molto fine della posizione di rendering di un elemento e della posizione di rendering degli elementi adiacenti e degli elementi figlio.

Nota

Un margine diverso da zero applica lo spazio all'esterno dell'elemento ActualWidth e ActualHeight.

Nell'esempio seguente viene illustrato come applicare margini uniformi intorno a un gruppo di Button elementi. Gli Button elementi sono spaziati in modo uniforme con un buffer di margine di dieci pixel in ogni direzione.

Button^ myButton7 = gcnew Button();
myButton7->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton7->Content = "Button 7";
Button^ myButton8 = gcnew Button();
myButton8->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton8->Content = "Button 8";
Button^ myButton9 = gcnew Button();
myButton9->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton9->Content = "Button 9";

Button myButton7 = new Button();
myButton7.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton7.Content = "Button 7";
Button myButton8 = new Button();
myButton8.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton8.Content = "Button 8";
Button myButton9 = new Button();
myButton9.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton9.Content = "Button 9";

Dim myButton7 As New Button
myButton7.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton7.Content = "Button 7"
Dim myButton8 As New Button
myButton8.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton8.Content = "Button 8"
Dim myButton9 As New Button
myButton9.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton9.Content = "Button 9"

<Button Margin="10">Button 7</Button>
<Button Margin="10">Button 8</Button>
<Button Margin="10">Button 9</Button>

In diverse situazioni un margine uniforme non è appropriato. In questi casi, è possibile applicare una spaziatura non uniforme. L'esempio seguente illustra come applicare una spaziatura dei margini non uniforme agli elementi figlio. I margini sono descritti in quest'ordine: sinistro, superiore, destro, inferiore.

Button^ myButton1 = gcnew Button();
myButton1->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton1->Content = "Button 1";
Button^ myButton2 = gcnew Button();
myButton2->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton2->Content = "Button 2";
Button^ myButton3 = gcnew Button();
myButton3->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);

Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton1.Content = "Button 1";
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton2.Content = "Button 2";
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);

Dim myButton1 As New Button
myButton1.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
myButton1.Content = "Button 1"
Dim myButton2 As New Button
myButton2.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
myButton2.Content = "Button 2"
Dim myButton3 As New Button
myButton3.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)

<Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 1</Button>
<Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 2</Button>
<Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 3</Button>

Informazioni sulla proprietà Padding

La spaziatura interna è simile alla Margin maggior parte dei aspetti. La proprietà Padding viene esposta solo su alcune classi, principalmente per praticità: Block, Border, Controle TextBlock sono esempi di classi che espongono una proprietà Padding. La Padding proprietà ingrandisce le dimensioni effettive di un elemento figlio in base al valore specificato Thickness .

Nell'esempio seguente viene illustrato come applicare Padding a un elemento padre Border .

myBorder = gcnew Border();
myBorder->Background = Brushes::LightBlue;
myBorder->BorderBrush = Brushes::Black;
myBorder->BorderThickness = Thickness(2);
myBorder->CornerRadius = CornerRadius(45);
myBorder->Padding = Thickness(25);

myBorder = new Border();
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue;
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black;
myBorder.BorderThickness = new Thickness(2);
myBorder.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(45);
myBorder.Padding = new Thickness(25);

Dim myBorder As New Border
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black
myBorder.BorderThickness = New Thickness(2)
myBorder.CornerRadius = New CornerRadius(45)
myBorder.Padding = New Thickness(25)

<Border Background="LightBlue" 
        BorderBrush="Black" 
        BorderThickness="2" 
        CornerRadius="45" 
        Padding="25">

Uso di allineamento, margini e spaziatura interna in un'applicazione

HorizontalAlignmentPadding, Margin, e VerticalAlignment forniscono il controllo di posizionamento necessario per creare un'interfaccia utente complessa. È possibile usare gli effetti di ogni proprietà per modificare il posizionamento degli elementi figlio, ottenendo in questo modo flessibilità nella creazione di applicazioni ed esperienze utente dinamiche.

L'esempio seguente illustra ognuno dei concetti descritti in questo argomento. Basandosi sull'infrastruttura presente nel primo esempio di questo argomento, in questo esempio viene aggiunto un Grid elemento come elemento figlio di Border nel primo esempio. Padding viene applicato all'elemento padre Border . Viene Grid utilizzato per partizionare lo spazio tra tre elementi figlio StackPanel . Button gli elementi vengono usati di nuovo per visualizzare i vari effetti di Margin e HorizontalAlignment. TextBlock gli elementi vengono aggiunti a ognuno ColumnDefinition per definire meglio le varie proprietà applicate agli Button elementi in ogni colonna.

mainWindow = gcnew Window();

myBorder = gcnew Border();
myBorder->Background = Brushes::LightBlue;
myBorder->BorderBrush = Brushes::Black;
myBorder->BorderThickness = Thickness(2);
myBorder->CornerRadius = CornerRadius(45);
myBorder->Padding = Thickness(25);

// Define the Grid.
myGrid = gcnew Grid();
myGrid->Background = Brushes::White;
myGrid->ShowGridLines = true;

// Define the Columns.
ColumnDefinition^ myColDef1 = gcnew ColumnDefinition();
myColDef1->Width = GridLength(1, GridUnitType::Auto);
ColumnDefinition^ myColDef2 = gcnew ColumnDefinition();
myColDef2->Width = GridLength(1, GridUnitType::Star);
ColumnDefinition^ myColDef3 = gcnew ColumnDefinition();
myColDef3->Width = GridLength(1, GridUnitType::Auto);

// Add the ColumnDefinitions to the Grid.
myGrid->ColumnDefinitions->Add(myColDef1);
myGrid->ColumnDefinitions->Add(myColDef2);
myGrid->ColumnDefinitions->Add(myColDef3);

// Add the first child StackPanel.
StackPanel^ myStackPanel = gcnew StackPanel();
myStackPanel->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Left;
myStackPanel->VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment::Top;
Grid::SetColumn(myStackPanel, 0);
Grid::SetRow(myStackPanel, 0);
TextBlock^ myTextBlock1 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock1->FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock1->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock1->Margin = Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock1->Text = "StackPanel 1";
Button^ myButton1 = gcnew Button();
myButton1->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton1->Content = "Button 1";
Button^ myButton2 = gcnew Button();
myButton2->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton2->Content = "Button 2";
Button^ myButton3 = gcnew Button();
myButton3->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
TextBlock^ myTextBlock2 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock2->Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = \"Auto\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock3 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock3->Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = \"Left\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock4 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock4->Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = \"Top\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock5 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock5->Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = \"Vertical\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock6 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock6->Text = "Button.Margin = \"1,10,0,10\"";
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock1);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myButton1);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myButton2);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myButton3);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock2);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock3);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock4);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock5);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock6);

// Add the second child StackPanel.
StackPanel^ myStackPanel2 = gcnew StackPanel();
myStackPanel2->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Stretch;
myStackPanel2->VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment::Top;
myStackPanel2->Orientation = Orientation::Vertical;
Grid::SetColumn(myStackPanel2, 1);
Grid::SetRow(myStackPanel2, 0);
TextBlock^ myTextBlock7 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock7->FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock7->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock7->Margin = Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock7->Text = "StackPanel 2";
Button^ myButton4 = gcnew Button();
myButton4->Margin = Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton4->Content = "Button 4";
Button^ myButton5 = gcnew Button();
myButton5->Margin = Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton5->Content = "Button 5";
Button^ myButton6 = gcnew Button();
myButton6->Margin = Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton6->Content = "Button 6";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock8 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock8->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock8->Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = \"*\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock9 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock9->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock9->Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = \"Stretch\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock10 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock10->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock10->Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = \"Top\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock11 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock11->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock11->Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = \"Vertical\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock12 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock12->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock12->Text = "Button.Margin = \"10,0,10,0\"";
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock7);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myButton4);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myButton5);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myButton6);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock8);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock9);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock10);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock11);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock12);

// Add the final child StackPanel.
StackPanel^ myStackPanel3 = gcnew StackPanel();
myStackPanel3->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Left;
myStackPanel3->VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment::Top;
Grid::SetColumn(myStackPanel3, 2);
Grid::SetRow(myStackPanel3, 0);
TextBlock^ myTextBlock13 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock13->FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock13->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock13->Margin = Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock13->Text = "StackPanel 3";
Button^ myButton7 = gcnew Button();
myButton7->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton7->Content = "Button 7";
Button^ myButton8 = gcnew Button();
myButton8->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton8->Content = "Button 8";
Button^ myButton9 = gcnew Button();
myButton9->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton9->Content = "Button 9";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock14 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock14->Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = \"Auto\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock15 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock15->Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = \"Left\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock16 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock16->Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = \"Top\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock17 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock17->Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = \"Vertical\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock18 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock18->Text = "Button.Margin = \"10\"";
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock13);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myButton7);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myButton8);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myButton9);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock14);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock15);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock16);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock17);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock18);

// Add child content to the parent Grid.
myGrid->Children->Add(myStackPanel);
myGrid->Children->Add(myStackPanel2);
myGrid->Children->Add(myStackPanel3);

// Add the Grid as the lone child of the Border.
myBorder->Child = myGrid;

// Add the Border to the Window as Content and show the Window.
mainWindow->Content = myBorder;
mainWindow->Title = "Margin, Padding, and Alignment Sample";
mainWindow->Show();

mainWindow = new Window();

myBorder = new Border();
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue;
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black;
myBorder.BorderThickness = new Thickness(2);
myBorder.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(45);
myBorder.Padding = new Thickness(25);

// Define the Grid.
myGrid = new Grid();
myGrid.Background = Brushes.White;
myGrid.ShowGridLines = true;

// Define the Columns.
ColumnDefinition myColDef1 = new ColumnDefinition();
myColDef1.Width = new GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Auto);
ColumnDefinition myColDef2 = new ColumnDefinition();
myColDef2.Width = new GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Star);
ColumnDefinition myColDef3 = new ColumnDefinition();
myColDef3.Width = new GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Auto);

// Add the ColumnDefinitions to the Grid.
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef1);
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef2);
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef3);

// Add the first child StackPanel.
StackPanel myStackPanel = new StackPanel();
myStackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
myStackPanel.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel, 0);
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel, 0);
TextBlock myTextBlock1 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock1.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock1.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock1.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock1.Text = "StackPanel 1";
Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton1.Content = "Button 1";
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton2.Content = "Button 2";
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
TextBlock myTextBlock2 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock2.Text = @"ColumnDefinition.Width = ""Auto""";
TextBlock myTextBlock3 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock3.Text = @"StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Left""";
TextBlock myTextBlock4 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock4.Text = @"StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top""";
TextBlock myTextBlock5 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock5.Text = @"StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical""";
TextBlock myTextBlock6 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock6.Text = @"Button.Margin = ""1,10,0,10""";
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock1);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton1);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton2);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton3);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock2);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock3);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock4);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock5);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock6);

// Add the second child StackPanel.
StackPanel myStackPanel2 = new StackPanel();
myStackPanel2.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch;
myStackPanel2.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
myStackPanel2.Orientation = Orientation.Vertical;
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel2, 1);
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel2, 0);
TextBlock myTextBlock7 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock7.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock7.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock7.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock7.Text = "StackPanel 2";
Button myButton4 = new Button();
myButton4.Margin = new Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton4.Content = "Button 4";
Button myButton5 = new Button();
myButton5.Margin = new Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton5.Content = "Button 5";
Button myButton6 = new Button();
myButton6.Margin = new Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton6.Content = "Button 6";
TextBlock myTextBlock8 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock8.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock8.Text = @"ColumnDefinition.Width = ""*""";
TextBlock myTextBlock9 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock9.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock9.Text = @"StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Stretch""";
TextBlock myTextBlock10 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock10.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock10.Text = @"StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top""";
TextBlock myTextBlock11 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock11.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock11.Text = @"StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical""";
TextBlock myTextBlock12 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock12.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock12.Text = @"Button.Margin = ""10,0,10,0""";
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock7);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton4);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton5);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton6);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock8);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock9);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock10);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock11);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock12);

// Add the final child StackPanel.
StackPanel myStackPanel3 = new StackPanel();
myStackPanel3.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
myStackPanel3.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel3, 2);
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel3, 0);
TextBlock myTextBlock13 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock13.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock13.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock13.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock13.Text = "StackPanel 3";
Button myButton7 = new Button();
myButton7.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton7.Content = "Button 7";
Button myButton8 = new Button();
myButton8.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton8.Content = "Button 8";
Button myButton9 = new Button();
myButton9.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton9.Content = "Button 9";
TextBlock myTextBlock14 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock14.Text = @"ColumnDefinition.Width = ""Auto""";
TextBlock myTextBlock15 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock15.Text = @"StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Left""";
TextBlock myTextBlock16 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock16.Text = @"StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top""";
TextBlock myTextBlock17 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock17.Text = @"StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical""";
TextBlock myTextBlock18 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock18.Text = @"Button.Margin = ""10""";
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock13);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton7);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton8);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton9);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock14);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock15);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock16);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock17);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock18);

// Add child content to the parent Grid.
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel);
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel2);
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel3);

// Add the Grid as the lone child of the Border.
myBorder.Child = myGrid;

// Add the Border to the Window as Content and show the Window.
mainWindow.Content = myBorder;
mainWindow.Title = "Margin, Padding, and Alignment Sample";
mainWindow.Show();


Dim myBorder As New Border
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black
myBorder.BorderThickness = New Thickness(2)
myBorder.CornerRadius = New CornerRadius(45)
myBorder.Padding = New Thickness(25)

'Define the Grid.
Dim myGrid As New Grid
myGrid.Background = Brushes.White
myGrid.ShowGridLines = True

'Define the Columns.
Dim myColDef1 As New ColumnDefinition
myColDef1.Width = New GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Auto)
Dim myColDef2 As New ColumnDefinition
myColDef2.Width = New GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Star)
Dim myColDef3 As New ColumnDefinition
myColDef3.Width = New GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Auto)

'Add the ColumnDefinitions to the Grid
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef1)
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef2)
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef3)

'Add the first child StackPanel.
Dim myStackPanel As New StackPanel
myStackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left
myStackPanel.VerticalAlignment = System.Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel, 0)
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel, 0)
Dim myTextBlock1 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock1.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock1.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock1.Margin = New Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15)
myTextBlock1.Text = "StackPanel 1"

Dim myButton1 As New Button
myButton1.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
myButton1.Content = "Button 1"
Dim myButton2 As New Button
myButton2.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
myButton2.Content = "Button 2"
Dim myButton3 As New Button
myButton3.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)

Dim myTextBlock2 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock2.Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = ""Auto"""
Dim myTextBlock3 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock3.Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Left"""
Dim myTextBlock4 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock4.Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top"""
Dim myTextBlock5 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock5.Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical"""
Dim myTextBlock6 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock6.Text = "Button.Margin = ""1,10,0,10"""
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock1)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton1)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton2)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton3)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock2)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock3)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock4)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock5)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock6)

'Add the second child StackPanel.
Dim myStackPanel2 As New StackPanel
myStackPanel2.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Stretch
myStackPanel2.VerticalAlignment = System.Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top
myStackPanel2.Orientation = Orientation.Vertical
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel2, 1)
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel2, 0)
Dim myTextBlock7 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock7.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock7.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock7.Margin = New Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15)
myTextBlock7.Text = "StackPanel 2"
Dim myButton4 As New Button
myButton4.Margin = New Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0)
myButton4.Content = "Button 4"
Dim myButton5 As New Button
myButton5.Margin = New Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0)
myButton5.Content = "Button 5"
Dim myButton6 As New Button
myButton6.Margin = New Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0)
myButton6.Content = "Button 6"
Dim myTextBlock8 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock8.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock8.Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = ""*"""
Dim myTextBlock9 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock9.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock9.Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Stretch"""
Dim myTextBlock10 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock10.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock10.Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top"""
Dim myTextBlock11 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock11.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock11.Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical"""
Dim myTextBlock12 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock12.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock12.Text = "Button.Margin = ""10,0,10,0"""
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock7)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton4)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton5)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton6)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock8)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock9)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock10)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock11)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock12)

'Add the final child StackPanel.
Dim myStackPanel3 As New StackPanel
myStackPanel3.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left
myStackPanel3.VerticalAlignment = System.Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel3, 2)
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel3, 0)
Dim myTextBlock13 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock13.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock13.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock13.Margin = New Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15)
myTextBlock13.Text = "StackPanel 3"

Dim myButton7 As New Button
myButton7.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton7.Content = "Button 7"
Dim myButton8 As New Button
myButton8.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton8.Content = "Button 8"
Dim myButton9 As New Button
myButton9.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton9.Content = "Button 9"
Dim myTextBlock14 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock14.Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = ""Auto"""
Dim myTextBlock15 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock15.Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Left"""
Dim myTextBlock16 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock16.Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top"""
Dim myTextBlock17 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock17.Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical"""
Dim myTextBlock18 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock18.Text = "Button.Margin = ""10"""
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock13)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton7)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton8)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton9)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock14)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock15)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock16)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock17)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock18)

'Add child content to the parent Grid.
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel)
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel2)
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel3)

'Add the Grid as the lone child of the Border.
myBorder.Child = myGrid


<Page xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" WindowTitle="Margins, Padding and Alignment Sample">
  <Border Background="LightBlue" 
          BorderBrush="Black" 
          BorderThickness="2" 
          CornerRadius="45" 
          Padding="25">
    <Grid Background="White" ShowGridLines="True">
      <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
        <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
        <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
      </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        
    <StackPanel Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="StackPanel1" VerticalAlignment="Top">
        <TextBlock FontSize="18" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,0,0,15">StackPanel1</TextBlock>
        <Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 1</Button>
        <Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 2</Button>
        <Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 3</Button>
        <TextBlock>ColumnDefinition.Width="Auto"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock>StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment="Left"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock>StackPanel.VerticalAlignment="Top"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock>StackPanel.Orientation="Vertical"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock>Button.Margin="0,10,0,10"</TextBlock>
    </StackPanel>
    
    <StackPanel Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="0" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" Name="StackPanel2" VerticalAlignment="Top" Orientation="Vertical">
        <TextBlock FontSize="18" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,0,0,15">StackPanel2</TextBlock>
        <Button Margin="10,0,10,0">Button 4</Button>
        <Button Margin="10,0,10,0">Button 5</Button>
        <Button Margin="10,0,10,0">Button 6</Button>
        <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">ColumnDefinition.Width="*"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">StackPanel.VerticalAlignment="Top"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">StackPanel.Orientation="Vertical"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">Button.Margin="10,0,10,0"</TextBlock>
    </StackPanel>        
        
    <StackPanel Grid.Column="2" Grid.Row="0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="StackPanel3" VerticalAlignment="Top">
        <TextBlock FontSize="18" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,0,0,15">StackPanel3</TextBlock>
        <Button Margin="10">Button 7</Button>
        <Button Margin="10">Button 8</Button>
        <Button Margin="10">Button 9</Button>
        <TextBlock>ColumnDefinition.Width="Auto"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock>StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment="Left"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock>StackPanel.VerticalAlignment="Top"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock>StackPanel.Orientation="Vertical"</TextBlock>
        <TextBlock>Button.Margin="10"</TextBlock>      
    </StackPanel>
  </Grid>
  </Border>    
</Page>

Quando viene compilata, l'applicazione precedente restituisce un'interfaccia utente simile alla figura seguente. Gli effetti dei vari valori delle proprietà sono evidenti nella spaziatura tra gli elementi e i valori significativi delle proprietà per gli elementi in ogni colonna vengono visualizzati all'interno TextBlock di elementi.

Several positioning properties in one application

E adesso

Le proprietà di posizionamento definite dalla classe consentono un FrameworkElement controllo fine del posizionamento degli elementi all'interno delle applicazioni WPF. Sono ora disponibili diverse tecniche che è possibile usare per posizionare meglio gli elementi usando WPF.

Sono disponibili risorse aggiuntive che illustrano il layout WPF in modo più dettagliato. L'argomento Panoramica pannelli contiene altri dettagli sui vari Panel elementi. L'argomento Procedura dettagliata: La prima applicazione desktop WPF introduce tecniche avanzate che usano gli elementi di layout per posizionare i componenti e associarne le azioni alle origini dati.

Vedi anche