Comment : compresser des fichiers
Mise à jour : novembre 2007
Utilisez la classe GZipStream pour compresser et décompresser des données. L'exemple de code suivant crée un fichier (test.txt) dans le répertoire en cours, le remplit de texte et affiche le contenu du fichier dans la console. Le code utilise ensuite la classe GZipStream pour créer une version compressée du fichier (test.txt.gz) et compare la taille des deux fichiers. Enfin, le code lit dans le fichier compressé, le décompresse et écrit un nouveau fichier (test.txt.gz.txt) dans le répertoire en cours. Le code affiche ensuite le contenu du fichier décompressé.
Vous pouvez également utiliser la classe DeflateStream pour compresser et décompresser des données.
Exemple
Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
imports System.IO
imports System.IO.Compression
Public Class CompressionSnippet
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim path As String = "test.txt"
' Create the text file if it doesn't already exist.
If Not File.Exists(path) Then
Console.WriteLine("Creating a new test.txt file")
Dim text() As String = {"This is a test text file.", _
"This file will be compressed and written to the disk.", _
"Once the file is written, it can be decompressed", _
"imports various compression tools.", _
"The GZipStream and DeflateStream class use the same", _
"compression algorithms, the primary difference is that", _
"the GZipStream class includes a cyclic redundancy check", _
"that can be useful for detecting data corruption.", _
"One other side note: both the GZipStream and DeflateStream", _
"classes operate on streams as opposed to file-based", _
"compression data is read on a byte-by-byte basis, so it", _
"is not possible to perform multiple passes to determine the", _
"best compression method. Already compressed data can actually", _
"increase in size if compressed with these classes."}
File.WriteAllLines(path, text)
End If
Console.WriteLine("Contents of {0}", path)
Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText(path))
CompressFile(path)
Console.WriteLine()
UncompressFile(path + ".gz")
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Contents of {0}", path + ".gz.txt")
Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText(path + ".gz.txt"))
End Sub
Public Shared Sub CompressFile(ByVal path As String)
Dim sourceFile As FileStream = File.OpenRead(path)
Dim destinationFile As FileStream = File.Create(path + ".gz")
Dim buffer(sourceFile.Length) As Byte
sourceFile.Read(Buffer, 0, Buffer.Length)
Using output As New GZipStream(destinationFile, _
CompressionMode.Compress)
Console.WriteLine("Compressing {0} to {1}.", sourceFile.Name, _
destinationFile.Name, False)
output.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)
End Using
' Close the files.
sourceFile.Close()
destinationFile.Close()
End Sub
Public Shared Sub UncompressFile(ByVal path As String)
Dim sourceFile As FileStream = File.OpenRead(path)
Dim destinationFile As FileStream = File.Create(path + ".txt")
' Because the uncompressed size of the file is unknown,
' we are imports an arbitrary buffer size.
Dim buffer(4096) As Byte
Dim n As Integer
Using input As New GZipStream(sourceFile, _
CompressionMode.Decompress, False)
Console.WriteLine("Decompressing {0} to {1}.", sourceFile.Name, _
destinationFile.Name)
n = input.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)
destinationFile.Write(buffer, 0, n)
End Using
' Close the files.
sourceFile.Close()
destinationFile.Close()
End Sub
End Class
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
public class CompressionSnippet
{
public static void Main()
{
string path = "test.txt";
// Create the text file if it doesn't already exist.
if (!File.Exists(path))
{
Console.WriteLine("Creating a new test.txt file");
string[] text = new string[] {"This is a test text file.",
"This file will be compressed and written to the disk.",
"Once the file is written, it can be decompressed",
"using various compression tools.",
"The GZipStream and DeflateStream class use the same",
"compression algorithms, the primary difference is that",
"the GZipStream class includes a cyclic redundancy check",
"that can be useful for detecting data corruption.",
"One other side note: both the GZipStream and DeflateStream",
"classes operate on streams as opposed to file-based",
"compression; data is read on a byte-by-byte basis, so it",
"is not possible to perform multiple passes to determine the",
"best compression method. Already compressed data can actually",
"increase in size if compressed with these classes."};
File.WriteAllLines(path, text);
}
Console.WriteLine("Contents of {0}", path);
Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText(path));
CompressFile(path);
Console.WriteLine();
UncompressFile(path + ".gz");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Contents of {0}", path + ".gz.txt");
Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText(path + ".gz.txt"));
}
public static void CompressFile(string path)
{
FileStream sourceFile = File.OpenRead(path);
FileStream destinationFile = File.Create(path + ".gz");
byte[] buffer = new byte[sourceFile.Length];
sourceFile.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
using (GZipStream output = new GZipStream(destinationFile,
CompressionMode.Compress))
{
Console.WriteLine("Compressing {0} to {1}.", sourceFile.Name,
destinationFile.Name, false);
output.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
}
// Close the files.
sourceFile.Close();
destinationFile.Close();
}
public static void UncompressFile(string path)
{
FileStream sourceFile = File.OpenRead(path);
FileStream destinationFile = File.Create(path + ".txt");
// Because the uncompressed size of the file is unknown,
// we are using an arbitrary buffer size.
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
int n;
using (GZipStream input = new GZipStream(sourceFile,
CompressionMode.Decompress, false))
{
Console.WriteLine("Decompressing {0} to {1}.", sourceFile.Name,
destinationFile.Name);
n = input.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
destinationFile.Write(buffer, 0, n);
}
// Close the files.
sourceFile.Close();
destinationFile.Close();
}
}
Voir aussi
Tâches
Application de compression, exemple
Comment : écrire du texte dans un fichier
Comment : lire du texte dans un fichier