Cómo: Enlazar a un servicio Web mediante el componente BindingSource de formularios Windows Forms

Actualización: noviembre 2007

Si desea enlazar un control de formularios Windows Form al resultado obtenido al llamar a un servicio Web XML, puede usar un componente BindingSource. Este procedimiento es similar a enlazar un componente BindingSource a un tipo. Debe crear un servidor proxy de cliente que contenga los métodos y tipos expuestos por el servicio Web. Debe generar un servidor proxy de cliente desde el propio servicio Web (.asmx) o su archivo de Lenguaje de descripción de servicios Web (WSDL). Además, su servidor proxy de cliente debe exponer los campos de tipos complejos utilizados por el servicio Web como propiedades públicas. A continuación enlace BindingSource a uno de los tipos expuestos en el proxy de servicio Web.

Para crear y enlazar a un proxy de cliente

1. Cree un formulario Windows Forms en el directorio que elija, con un espacio de nombres adecuado.

2. Agregue un componente BindingSource al formulario.

3. Abra el símbolo del sistema de Kit de desarrollo de software de Windows (SDK) y desplácese hasta el directorio en que se encuentra su formulario.

4. Mediante la herramienta WSDL, escriba wsdl y la dirección URL del archivo .asmx o WSDL del servicio Web, seguido del espacio de nombres de la aplicación y, de forma opcional, el lenguaje en el que esté trabajando.

   El ejemplo de código siguiente usa el servicio Web situado en http://webservices.eraserver.net/zipcoderesolver/zipcoderesolver.asmx. Por ejemplo, para C# escriba wsdl http://webservices.eraserver.net.zipcoderesolver/zipcoderesolver.asmx /n:BindToWebService, o para Visual Basic escriba wsdl http://webservices.eraserver.net.zipcoderesolver/zipcoderesolver.asmx /n:BindToWebService /language:VB. Si se pasa la ruta de acceso como un argumento a la herramienta WSDL se generará un proxy de cliente en el mismo directorio y espacio de nombres que su aplicación, en el lenguaje especificado. Si usa Visual Studio, agregue el archivo a su proyecto.

5. Seleccione un tipo en el proxy de cliente para enlazarse.

   Éste normalmente es un tipo devuelto por un método proporcionado por el servicio Web. Los campos del tipo elegido se deben exponer como propiedades públicas destinadas a realizar enlaces.

   <System.SerializableAttribute(), _
    System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute( _
       [Namespace]:="http://webservices.eraserver.net/")> _
   Public Class USPSAddress
   
       Private streetField As String
   
       Private cityField As String
   
       Private stateField As String
   
       Private shortZIPField As String
   
       Private fullZIPField As String
   
   
       Public Property Street() As String
           Get
               Return Me.streetField
           End Get
           Set(ByVal value As String)
               Me.streetField = value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Public Property City() As String
           Get
               Return Me.cityField
           End Get
           Set(ByVal value As String)
               Me.cityField = value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Public Property State() As String
           Get
               Return Me.stateField
           End Get
           Set(ByVal value As String)
               Me.stateField = value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Public Property ShortZIP() As String
           Get
               Return Me.shortZIPField
           End Get
           Set(ByVal value As String)
               Me.shortZIPField = value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Public Property FullZIP() As String
           Get
               Return Me.fullZIPField
           End Get
           Set(ByVal value As String)
               Me.fullZIPField = value
           End Set
       End Property
   End Class
   

    [System.SerializableAttribute, System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(
           Namespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/")]
       public class USPSAddress
       {
   
           private string streetField;
   
           private string cityField;
   
           private string stateField;
   
           private string shortZIPField;
   
           private string fullZIPField;
   
   
           public string Street    
           {
               get
               {
                   return this.streetField;
               }
               set
               {
                   this.streetField = value;
               }
           }
   
   
           public string City    
           {
               get
               {
                   return this.cityField;
               }
               set
               {
                   this.cityField = value;
               }
           }
   
           public string State    
           {
               get
               {
                   return this.stateField;
               }
               set
               {
                   this.stateField = value;
               }
           }
   
   
           public string ShortZIP    
           {
               get
               {
                   return this.shortZIPField;
               }
               set
               {
                   this.shortZIPField = value;
               }
           }
   
   
           public string FullZIP    
           {
               get
               {
                   return this.fullZIPField;
               }
               set
               {
                   this.fullZIPField = value;
               }
           }
       }
   

       [System::SerializableAttribute, System::Xml::Serialization::XmlTypeAttribute(
           Namespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/")]
       public ref class USPSAddress
       {
   
   private:
           String^ streetField;
   
           String^ cityField;
   
           String^ stateField;
   
           String^ shortZIPField;
   
           String^ fullZIPField;
   
   
   public:
           property String^ Street    
           {
               String^ get()
               {
                   return this->streetField;
               }
               void set( String^ value )
               {
                   this->streetField = value;
               }
           }
   
   
           property String^ City    
           {
               String^ get()
               {
                   return this->cityField;
               }
               void set( String^ value )
               {
                   this->cityField = value;
               }
           }
           property String^ State    
           {
               String^ get()
               {
                   return this->stateField;
               }
               void set( String^ value )
               {
                   this->stateField = value;
               }
           }
   
           property String^ ShortZIP    
           {
               String^ get()
               {
                   return this->shortZIPField;
               }
               void set( String^ value )
               {
                   this->shortZIPField = value;
               }
           }
   
           property String^ FullZIP    
           {
               String^ get()
               {
                   return this->fullZIPField;
               }
               void set( String^ value )
               {
                   this->fullZIPField = value;
               }
           }
       };
   

6. Establezca la propiedad DataSource de BindingSource en el tipo que desee que está incluido en el servidor proxy de cliente del servicio Web.

   BindingSource1.DataSource = GetType(USPSAddress)
   

            BindingSource1.DataSource = typeof(USPSAddress);
   

               BindingSource1->DataSource = USPSAddress::typeid;
   

Para enlazar controles al BindingSource enlazado a un servicio Web

• Enlace controles a BindingSource pasando la propiedad pública del tipo de servicio Web que desee como un parámetro.

  textBox1.DataBindings.Add("Text", Me.BindingSource1, "FullZIP", True)
  

           textBox1.DataBindings.Add("Text", this.BindingSource1, "FullZIP", true);
  

              textBox1->DataBindings->Add("Text", this->BindingSource1, "FullZIP", true);
  

Ejemplo

El ejemplo de código siguiente muestra cómo enlazar un componente BindingSource a un servicio Web y, a continuación, cómo enlazar un cuadro de texto al componente BindingSource. Cuando hace clic en el botón, se llama a un método de servicio Web y los resultados se mostrarán en textbox1.

Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Namespace BindToWebService
    Class Form1
        Inherits Form

        <STAThread()> _
        Shared Sub Main()
            Application.EnableVisualStyles()
            Application.Run(New Form1())
        End Sub

        Private BindingSource1 As New BindingSource()
        Private textBox1 As New TextBox()
        Private textBox2 As New TextBox()
        Private WithEvents button1 As New Button()

        Public Sub New()

            textBox1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(118, 131)
            textBox1.ReadOnly = True
            button1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(133, 60)
            button1.Text = "Get zipcode"
            ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(292, 266)
            Controls.Add(Me.button1)
            Controls.Add(Me.textBox1)
        End Sub

        Private Sub button1_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) _
            Handles button1.Click

            textBox1.Text = "Calling Web service.."
            Dim resolver As New ZipCodeResolver()
            BindingSource1.Add(resolver.CorrectedAddressXml("0", "One Microsoft Way", "Redmond", "WA"))

        End Sub


        Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) Handles Me.Load
            BindingSource1.DataSource = GetType(USPSAddress)
            textBox1.DataBindings.Add("Text", Me.BindingSource1, "FullZIP", True)
        End Sub

    End Class

    <System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute(), _
     System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code"), _
     System.Web.Services.WebServiceBindingAttribute(Name:="ZipCodeResolverSoap", _
        [Namespace]:="http://webservices.eraserver.net/")> _
    Public Class ZipCodeResolver
        Inherits System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol

        Private CorrectedAddressXmlOperationCompleted As _
            System.Threading.SendOrPostCallback


        Public Sub New()
            MyBase.New()
            Me.Url = _
                "http://webservices.eraserver.net/zipcoderesolver/zipcoderesolver.asmx"
        End Sub


        Public Event CorrectedAddressXmlCompleted As _
            CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventHandler

        <System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute( _
            "http://webservices.eraserver.net/CorrectedAddressXml", _
            RequestNamespace:="http://webservices.eraserver.net/", _
            ResponseNamespace:="http://webservices.eraserver.net/", _
            Use:=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, _
            ParameterStyle:=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)> _
        Public Function CorrectedAddressXml(ByVal accessCode As String, _
            ByVal address As String, ByVal city As String, ByVal state As String) _
            As USPSAddress
            Dim results() As Object = Me.Invoke("CorrectedAddressXml", _
                New Object() {accessCode, address, city, state})
            Return CType(results(0), USPSAddress)
        End Function

        '''<remarks/>
        Public Function BeginCorrectedAddressXml(ByVal accessCode As String, _
            ByVal address As String, ByVal city As String, ByVal state As String, _
            ByVal callback As System.AsyncCallback, ByVal asyncState As Object) _
            As System.IAsyncResult

            Return Me.BeginInvoke("CorrectedAddressXml", _
                New Object() {accessCode, address, city, state}, callback, asyncState)
        End Function

        Public Function EndCorrectedAddressXml(ByVal asyncResult _
            As System.IAsyncResult) As USPSAddress
            Dim results() As Object = Me.EndInvoke(asyncResult)
            Return CType(results(0), USPSAddress)
        End Function
    End Class

    <System.SerializableAttribute(), _
     System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute( _
        [Namespace]:="http://webservices.eraserver.net/")> _
    Public Class USPSAddress

        Private streetField As String

        Private cityField As String

        Private stateField As String

        Private shortZIPField As String

        Private fullZIPField As String


        Public Property Street() As String
            Get
                Return Me.streetField
            End Get
            Set(ByVal value As String)
                Me.streetField = value
            End Set
        End Property


        Public Property City() As String
            Get
                Return Me.cityField
            End Get
            Set(ByVal value As String)
                Me.cityField = value
            End Set
        End Property

        Public Property State() As String
            Get
                Return Me.stateField
            End Get
            Set(ByVal value As String)
                Me.stateField = value
            End Set
        End Property


        Public Property ShortZIP() As String
            Get
                Return Me.shortZIPField
            End Get
            Set(ByVal value As String)
                Me.shortZIPField = value
            End Set
        End Property


        Public Property FullZIP() As String
            Get
                Return Me.fullZIPField
            End Get
            Set(ByVal value As String)
                Me.fullZIPField = value
            End Set
        End Property
    End Class

    Public Delegate Sub CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventHandler(ByVal sender As Object, _
         ByVal args As CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventArgs)

    Public Class CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventArgs
        Inherits System.ComponentModel.AsyncCompletedEventArgs

        Private results() As Object

        Friend Sub New(ByVal results() As Object, ByVal exception As System.Exception, _
            ByVal cancelled As Boolean, ByVal userState As Object)
            MyBase.New(exception, cancelled, userState)
            Me.results = results
        End Sub

        Public ReadOnly Property Result() As USPSAddress
            Get
                Me.RaiseExceptionIfNecessary()
                Return CType(Me.results(0), USPSAddress)
            End Get
        End Property
    End Class

End Namespace

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace BindToWebService {
    class Form1: Form

    {
        [STAThread]
        public static void Main()
        {
            Application.EnableVisualStyles();
            Application.Run(new Form1());
        }

        private BindingSource BindingSource1 = new BindingSource();
        private TextBox textBox1 = new TextBox();
        private TextBox textBox2 = new TextBox();
        private Button button1 = new Button();

        public Form1()
        {
            this.Load += new EventHandler(Form1_Load);
            textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(118, 131);
            textBox1.ReadOnly = true;
            button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(133, 60);
            button1.Click += new EventHandler(button1_Click);
            button1.Text = "Get zipcode";
            ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 266);
            Controls.Add(this.button1);
            Controls.Add(this.textBox1);
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            textBox1.Text = "Calling Web service..";
            ZipCodeResolver resolver = new ZipCodeResolver();
            BindingSource1.Add(resolver.CorrectedAddressXml("0",
                    "One Microsoft Way", "Redmond", "WA"));
                        
        }

        public void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            BindingSource1.DataSource = typeof(USPSAddress);
            textBox1.DataBindings.Add("Text", this.BindingSource1, "FullZIP", true);
        }
    }

    [System.Web.Services.WebServiceBindingAttribute(Name="ZipCodeResolverSoap",
        Namespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/")]
    public class ZipCodeResolver:
        System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol

    {
        
        public ZipCodeResolver() : base()
        {        
            this.Url = 
                "http://webservices.eraserver.net/zipcoderesolver/zipcoderesolver.asmx";
        }

    
        //''<remarks/>
        [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute
            ("http://webservices.eraserver.net/CorrectedAddressXml", 
            RequestNamespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/", 
            ResponseNamespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/", 
            Use=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, 
            ParameterStyle=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)]
        public USPSAddress CorrectedAddressXml(string accessCode, 
            string address, string city, string state)
        {
            object[] results = this.Invoke("CorrectedAddressXml", 
                new object[]{accessCode, address, city, state});
            return ((USPSAddress) results[0]);
        }

        //''<remarks/>
        public System.IAsyncResult BeginCorrectedAddressXml(string accessCode,
            string address, string city, string state, 
            System.AsyncCallback callback, object asyncState)
        {

            return this.BeginInvoke("CorrectedAddressXml", 
                new object[]{accessCode, address, city, state}, callback, asyncState);
        }


        public USPSAddress EndCorrectedAddressXml(System.IAsyncResult asyncResult)
        {
            object[] results = this.EndInvoke(asyncResult);
            return ((USPSAddress) results[0]);
        }

    }


    [System.SerializableAttribute, System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(
        Namespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/")]
    public class USPSAddress
    {

        private string streetField;

        private string cityField;

        private string stateField;

        private string shortZIPField;

        private string fullZIPField;


        public string Street    
        {
            get
            {
                return this.streetField;
            }
            set
            {
                this.streetField = value;
            }
        }


        public string City    
        {
            get
            {
                return this.cityField;
            }
            set
            {
                this.cityField = value;
            }
        }

        public string State    
        {
            get
            {
                return this.stateField;
            }
            set
            {
                this.stateField = value;
            }
        }


        public string ShortZIP    
        {
            get
            {
                return this.shortZIPField;
            }
            set
            {
                this.shortZIPField = value;
            }
        }


        public string FullZIP    
        {
            get
            {
                return this.fullZIPField;
            }
            set
            {
                this.fullZIPField = value;
            }
        }
    }

    public delegate void CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventHandler(object sender,
        CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventArgs args);


    public class CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventArgs:
    System.ComponentModel.AsyncCompletedEventArgs

    {
        private object[] results;

        internal CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventArgs(object[] results,
            System.Exception exception, bool cancelled, object userState) :
            base(exception, cancelled, userState)
        {        
            this.results = results;
        }


        public USPSAddress Result    
        {
            get
            {
                this.RaiseExceptionIfNecessary();
                return ((USPSAddress) this.results[0]);
            }
        }
    }
 }

#using <System.Windows.Forms.dll>
#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Drawing.dll>
#using <System.Web.Services.dll>
#using <System.Xml.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Drawing;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;

namespace BindToWebService {

    [System::SerializableAttribute, System::Xml::Serialization::XmlTypeAttribute(
        Namespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/")]
    public ref class USPSAddress
    {

private:
        String^ streetField;

        String^ cityField;

        String^ stateField;

        String^ shortZIPField;

        String^ fullZIPField;


public:
        property String^ Street    
        {
            String^ get()
            {
                return this->streetField;
            }
            void set( String^ value )
            {
                this->streetField = value;
            }
        }


        property String^ City    
        {
            String^ get()
            {
                return this->cityField;
            }
            void set( String^ value )
            {
                this->cityField = value;
            }
        }
        property String^ State    
        {
            String^ get()
            {
                return this->stateField;
            }
            void set( String^ value )
            {
                this->stateField = value;
            }
        }

        property String^ ShortZIP    
        {
            String^ get()
            {
                return this->shortZIPField;
            }
            void set( String^ value )
            {
                this->shortZIPField = value;
            }
        }

        property String^ FullZIP    
        {
            String^ get()
            {
                return this->fullZIPField;
            }
            void set( String^ value )
            {
                this->fullZIPField = value;
            }
        }
    };


    [System::Web::Services::WebServiceBindingAttribute(Name="ZipCodeResolverSoap",
        Namespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/")]
    public ref class ZipCodeResolver:
        public System::Web::Services::Protocols::SoapHttpClientProtocol

    {
        
public:
        ZipCodeResolver() : SoapHttpClientProtocol()
        {        
            this->Url = 
                "http://webservices.eraserver.net/zipcoderesolver/zipcoderesolver.asmx";
        }

    
        //''<remarks/>
        [System::Web::Services::Protocols::SoapDocumentMethodAttribute
            ("http://webservices.eraserver.net/CorrectedAddressXml", 
            RequestNamespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/", 
            ResponseNamespace="http://webservices.eraserver.net/", 
            Use=System::Web::Services::Description::SoapBindingUse::Literal, 
            ParameterStyle=System::Web::Services::Protocols::SoapParameterStyle::Wrapped)]
        USPSAddress^ CorrectedAddressXml(String^ accessCode, 
            String^ address, String^ city, String^ state)
        {
            array<Object^>^ results = this->Invoke("CorrectedAddressXml", 
                gcnew array<Object^>{accessCode, address, city, state});
            return ((USPSAddress^) results[0]);
        }

        //''<remarks/>
        System::IAsyncResult^ BeginCorrectedAddressXml(String^ accessCode,
            String^ address, String^ city, String^ state, 
            System::AsyncCallback^ callback, Object^ asyncState)
        {

            return this->BeginInvoke("CorrectedAddressXml", 
                gcnew array<Object^>{accessCode, address, city, state}, callback, asyncState);
        }


        USPSAddress^ EndCorrectedAddressXml(System::IAsyncResult^ asyncResult)
        {
            array<Object^>^ results = this->EndInvoke(asyncResult);
            return ((USPSAddress^) results[0]);
        }

    };

    ref class Form1: public Form
    {
public:
        [STAThread]
        static void Main()
        {
            Application::EnableVisualStyles();
            Application::Run(gcnew Form1());
        }

private:
        BindingSource^ BindingSource1;

        TextBox^ textBox1;

        TextBox^ textBox2;

        Button^ button1;


public:
        Form1()
        {
            this->Load += gcnew EventHandler(this, &Form1::Form1_Load);
            textBox1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(118, 131);
            textBox1->ReadOnly = true;
            button1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(133, 60);
            button1->Click += gcnew EventHandler(this, &Form1::button1_Click);
            button1->Text = "Get zipcode";
            ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(292, 266);
            Controls->Add(this->button1);
            Controls->Add(this->textBox1);
                        BindingSource1 = gcnew BindingSource();
                        textBox1 = gcnew TextBox();
                        textBox2 = gcnew TextBox();
                        button1 = gcnew Button();
        }

private:
        void button1_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            textBox1->Text = "Calling Web service..";
            ZipCodeResolver^ resolver = gcnew ZipCodeResolver();
            BindingSource1->Add(resolver->CorrectedAddressXml("0",
                    "One Microsoft Way", "Redmond", "WA"));
                        
        }

public:
        void Form1_Load(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            BindingSource1->DataSource = USPSAddress::typeid;
            textBox1->DataBindings->Add("Text", this->BindingSource1, "FullZIP", true);
        }
    };




    public ref class CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventArgs:
    public System::ComponentModel::AsyncCompletedEventArgs

    {
private:
        array<Object^>^ results;

internal:
        CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventArgs(array<Object^>^ results,
            System::Exception^ exception, bool cancelled, Object^ userState) :
            AsyncCompletedEventArgs(exception, cancelled, userState)
        {        
            this->results = results;
        }


public:
        property USPSAddress^ Result    
        {
            USPSAddress^ get()
            {
                this->RaiseExceptionIfNecessary();
                return ((USPSAddress^) this->results[0]);
            }
        }

     delegate void CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventHandler(Object^ sender,
        CorrectedAddressXmlCompletedEventArgs^ args);

    };
}

int main()
{
    BindToWebService::Form1::Main();
    return 1;
}

Compilar el código

Éste es un ejemplo completo que incluye un método Main, y una versión reducida de código proxy de cliente.

Este ejemplo requiere:

• Referencias a los ensamblados System, System.Drawing, System.Web.Services, System.Windows.Forms y System.Xml.

Para obtener información acerca de la generación de este ejemplo desde la línea de comandos de Visual Basic o Visual C#, vea Generar desde la línea de comandos (Visual Basic) o Generar la línea de comandos con csc.exe. También puede generar este ejemplo en Visual Studio pegando el código en un proyecto nuevo.

Vea también

Tareas

Cómo: Enlazar un control de Windows Forms a un tipo

Otros recursos

BindingSource (Componente)