Cómo: Crear una reflexión

  • Artículo

En este artículo se muestra cómo usar un elemento VisualBrush para crear una reflexión. Dado que VisualBrush puede mostrar un objeto visual existente, puede usar esta funcionalidad para generar efectos visuales interesantes, como reflexiones y aumentos.

Un elemento XAML con texto latino y dos círculos, cuya reflexión al revés se muestra debajo.

Ejemplo de XAML

En el ejemplo siguiente, se usa VisualBrush para crear un reflejo de Border que contiene varios elementos.

<StackPanel Margin="25" Height="400">

    <!-- The object to reflect. -->
    <Border Name="ReflectedVisual" Width="400">
        <Border.Background>
            <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0.5" EndPoint="1,0.5">
                <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="#CCCCFF" />
                <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="White" />
            </LinearGradientBrush>
        </Border.Background>
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="10">
            <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap" Width="200" Margin="10">
              Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
              Suspendisse vel ante. Donec luctus tortor sit amet est.
              Nullam pulvinar odio et wisi.
              Pellentesque quis magna. Sed pellentesque.
            </TextBlock>
            <StackPanel>
                <Ellipse Margin="10" Height="50" Width="50" Fill="Black" />
                <Ellipse Margin="10" Height="50" Width="50" Fill="Purple" />
            </StackPanel>
        </StackPanel>
    </Border>

    <Rectangle Height="1" Fill="Gray" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" />

    <!-- The object to contain the reflection.-->
    <Rectangle DataContext="{Binding ElementName=ReflectedVisual}"
               Height="{Binding Path=ActualHeight}" 
               Width="{Binding Path=ActualWidth}">
        <Rectangle.Fill>

            <!-- Creates the reflection. -->
            <VisualBrush Opacity="0.75" Stretch="None"
                         Visual="{Binding}">
                <VisualBrush.RelativeTransform>

                    <!-- Flip the reflection. -->
                    <TransformGroup>
                        <ScaleTransform ScaleX="1" ScaleY="-1" />
                        <TranslateTransform  Y="1" />
                    </TransformGroup>
                </VisualBrush.RelativeTransform>
            </VisualBrush>
        </Rectangle.Fill>

        <Rectangle.OpacityMask>
            <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.5,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
                <GradientStop Color="#FF000000" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#33000000" Offset="0.5" />
                <GradientStop Color="#00000000" Offset="0.75" />
            </LinearGradientBrush>
        </Rectangle.OpacityMask>

        <Rectangle.Effect>
            <BlurEffect Radius="1.5" />
        </Rectangle.Effect>

    </Rectangle>
</StackPanel>

Ejemplo basado en código

En el ejemplo siguiente, se usa VisualBrush para crear un reflejo de Border que contiene varios elementos. Este código se ejecuta en el controlador de eventos Window.Loaded:

private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    var container = new StackPanel();
    container.Height = 400;
    container.Margin = new Thickness(25);

    // Visual Element that will be reflected
    var visualElement = new Border
    {
        Width = 400,
        Background = new LinearGradientBrush(
                                    (Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#CCCCFF"),
                                    Colors.White,
                                    new Point(0.0, 0.5),
                                    new Point(1.0, 0.5))
    };

    // Stack panel inside parent border
    {
        var visualElementChild1 = new StackPanel
        {
            Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal,
            Margin = new Thickness(10)
        };

        // Stack panel content
        {
            var paragraphContent = new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.\nSuspendisse vel ante. Donec luctus tortor sit amet est.\nNullam pulvinar odio et wisi.\nPellentesque quis magna. Sed pellentesque.",
                Width = 200,
                Margin = new Thickness(10),
                TextWrapping = TextWrapping.Wrap
            };

            var ellipsePanel = new StackPanel();
            ellipsePanel.Children.Add(new Ellipse() { Margin = new Thickness(10), Height = 50, Width = 50, Fill = Brushes.Black });
            ellipsePanel.Children.Add(new Ellipse() { Margin = new Thickness(10), Height = 50, Width = 50, Fill = Brushes.Purple });

            // Add to parent
            visualElementChild1.Children.Add(paragraphContent);
            visualElementChild1.Children.Add(ellipsePanel);
        }

        // Add to parent
        visualElement.Child = visualElementChild1;
    }

    // Add visual to reflect to container
    container.Children.Add(visualElement);

    // Line separator
    container.Children.Add(new Rectangle() { Height = 1, Fill = Brushes.Gray, HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch });

    // Reflection
    Rectangle reflection = new Rectangle();

    reflection.DataContext = visualElement;
    reflection.SetBinding(Rectangle.WidthProperty, "ActualWidth");
    reflection.SetBinding(Rectangle.HeightProperty, "ActualHeight");

    // Create the reflection effect
    var transform = new TransformGroup();
    transform.Children.Add(new ScaleTransform(1, -1));
    transform.Children.Add(new TranslateTransform(0, 1));

    var reflectedBrush = new VisualBrush();
    reflectedBrush.RelativeTransform = transform;
    reflectedBrush.Opacity = 0.75;
    reflectedBrush.Stretch = Stretch.None;
    reflectedBrush.Visual = visualElement;

    // Add the reflection effect
    reflection.Fill = reflectedBrush;

    reflection.OpacityMask = new LinearGradientBrush(
                                new GradientStopCollection(new[]
                                    {
                                        new GradientStop((Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#FF000000"), 0.0),
                                        new GradientStop((Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#33000000"), 0.5),
                                        new GradientStop((Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#00000000"), 0.75)
                                    }),
                                new Point(0.5, 0),
                                new Point(0.5, 1));

    reflection.Effect = new BlurEffect() { Radius = 1.5 };

    // Add the reflection to the container
    container.Children.Add(reflection);

    // Set the container as the content of this window
    Content = container;
}

Private Sub Window_Loaded(sender As Object, e As RoutedEventArgs)
    Dim container As New StackPanel With {.Height = 400, .Margin = New Thickness(25)}

    ' Visual Element that will be reflected
    Dim visualElement As New Border With {
        .Width = 400,
        .Background = New LinearGradientBrush(
                                        ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#CCCCFF"),
                                        Colors.White,
                                        New Point(0.0, 0.5),
                                        New Point(1.0, 0.5))
    }

    ' Stack panel inside parent border
    Dim visualElementChild1 As New StackPanel With {
        .Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal,
        .Margin = New Thickness(10)
    }

    ' Stack panel content
    Dim paragraphContent As New TextBlock With {
        .Text = $"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.{vbNewLine}Suspendisse vel ante. Donec luctus tortor sit amet est.{vbNewLine}Nullam pulvinar odio et wisi.{vbNewLine}Pellentesque quis magna. Sed pellentesque.",
        .Width = 200,
        .Margin = New Thickness(10),
        .TextWrapping = TextWrapping.Wrap
    }

    Dim ellipsePanel = New StackPanel
    ellipsePanel.Children.Add(New Ellipse() With {.Margin = New Thickness(10), .Height = 50, .Width = 50, .Fill = Brushes.Black})
    ellipsePanel.Children.Add(New Ellipse() With {.Margin = New Thickness(10), .Height = 50, .Width = 50, .Fill = Brushes.Purple})

    ' Add stack panel content
    visualElementChild1.Children.Add(paragraphContent)
    visualElementChild1.Children.Add(ellipsePanel)

    ' Add stack panel to border
    visualElement.Child = visualElementChild1

    ' Add visual to reflect to container
    container.Children.Add(visualElement)

    ' Line separator
    container.Children.Add(New Rectangle() With {.Height = 1, .Fill = Brushes.Gray, .HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch})

    ' Reflection
    Dim reflection As New Rectangle

    reflection.DataContext = visualElement
    reflection.SetBinding(Rectangle.WidthProperty, "ActualWidth")
    reflection.SetBinding(Rectangle.HeightProperty, "ActualHeight")

    ' Create the reflection effect
    Dim Transform = New TransformGroup
    Transform.Children.Add(New ScaleTransform(1, -1))
    Transform.Children.Add(New TranslateTransform(0, 1))

    Dim reflectedBrush As New VisualBrush With {
        .RelativeTransform = Transform,
        .Opacity = 0.75,
        .Stretch = Stretch.None,
        .Visual = visualElement
    }

    ' Add the reflection effect
    reflection.Fill = reflectedBrush

    reflection.OpacityMask = New LinearGradientBrush(
                                    New GradientStopCollection(
                                        {
                                            New GradientStop(ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#FF000000"), 0.0),
                                            New GradientStop(ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#33000000"), 0.5),
                                            New GradientStop(ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#00000000"), 0.75)
                                        }),
                                    New Point(0.5, 0),
                                    New Point(0.5, 1))

    reflection.Effect = New BlurEffect() With {.Radius = 1.5}

    ' Add the reflection to the container
    container.Children.Add(reflection)

    ' Set the container as the content of this window
    Content = container
End Sub

Vea también