DataSourceControl Clase

Definición

public ref class DataSourceControl abstract : System::Web::UI::Control, System::ComponentModel::IListSource, System::Web::UI::IDataSource

[System.ComponentModel.Bindable(false)]
public abstract class DataSourceControl : System.Web.UI.Control, System.ComponentModel.IListSource, System.Web.UI.IDataSource

[<System.ComponentModel.Bindable(false)>]
type DataSourceControl = class
    inherit Control
    interface IDataSource
    interface IListSource

Public MustInherit Class DataSourceControl
Inherits Control
Implements IDataSource, IListSource

Herencia

Object

Control

DataSourceControl

Derivado

System.Web.UI.WebControls.EntityDataSource

System.Web.UI.WebControls.LinqDataSource

System.Web.UI.WebControls.ObjectDataSource

System.Web.UI.WebControls.QueryableDataSource

System.Web.UI.WebControls.SqlDataSource

Atributos

BindableAttribute

Implementaciones

IListSource IDataSource

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra cómo una clase puede extender la DataSourceControl clase . El CsvDataSource control representa los datos de archivo separados por comas almacenados en un archivo .csv. La CsvDataSource clase proporciona sus propias implementaciones de , GetViewGetViewNamesy otros métodos, porque las implementaciones de clase base no son funcionales.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Permissions;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

// The CsvDataSource is a data source control that retrieves its
// data from a comma-separated value file.
[AspNetHostingPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, Level=AspNetHostingPermissionLevel.Minimal)]
public class CsvDataSource : DataSourceControl
{
    public CsvDataSource() : base() {}

    // The comma-separated value file to retrieve data from.
    public string FileName {
        get {
            return ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).SourceFile;
        }
        set {
            // Only set if it is different.
            if ( ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).SourceFile != value) {
                ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).SourceFile = value;
                RaiseDataSourceChangedEvent(EventArgs.Empty);
            }
        }
    }

    // Do not add the column names as a data row. Infer columns if the CSV file does
    // not include column names.
    public bool IncludesColumnNames {
        get {
            return ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).IncludesColumnNames;
        }
        set {
            // Only set if it is different.
            if ( ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).IncludesColumnNames != value) {
                ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).IncludesColumnNames = value;
                RaiseDataSourceChangedEvent(EventArgs.Empty);
            }
        }
    }

    // Return a strongly typed view for the current data source control.
    private CsvDataSourceView view = null;
    protected override DataSourceView GetView(string viewName) {
        if (null == view) {
            view = new CsvDataSourceView(this, String.Empty);
        }
        return view;
    }
    // The ListSourceHelper class calls GetList, which
    // calls the DataSourceControl.GetViewNames method.
    // Override the original implementation to return
    // a collection of one element, the default view name.
    protected override ICollection GetViewNames() {
        ArrayList al = new ArrayList(1);
        al.Add(CsvDataSourceView.DefaultViewName);
        return al as ICollection;
    }
}

// The CsvDataSourceView class encapsulates the
// capabilities of the CsvDataSource data source control.
public class CsvDataSourceView : DataSourceView
{

    public CsvDataSourceView(IDataSource owner, string name) :base(owner, DefaultViewName) {
    }

    // The data source view is named. However, the CsvDataSource
    // only supports one view, so the name is ignored, and the
    // default name used instead.
    public static string DefaultViewName = "CommaSeparatedView";

    // The location of the .csv file.
    private string sourceFile = String.Empty;
    internal string SourceFile {
        get {
            return sourceFile;
        }
        set {
            // Use MapPath when the SourceFile is set, so that files local to the
            // current directory can be easily used.
            string mappedFileName = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(value);
            sourceFile = mappedFileName;
        }
    }

    // Do not add the column names as a data row. Infer columns if the CSV file does
    // not include column names.
    private bool columns = false;
    internal bool IncludesColumnNames {
        get {
            return columns;
        }
        set {
            columns = value;
        }
    }

    // Get data from the underlying data source.
    // Build and return a DataView, regardless of mode.
    protected override IEnumerable ExecuteSelect(DataSourceSelectArguments selectArgs) {
        IEnumerable dataList = null;
        // Open the .csv file.
        if (File.Exists(this.SourceFile)) {
            DataTable data = new DataTable();

            // Open the file to read from.
            using (StreamReader sr = File.OpenText(this.SourceFile)) {
                // Parse the line
                string s = "";
                string[] dataValues;
                DataColumn col;

                // Do the following to add schema.
                dataValues = sr.ReadLine().Split(',');
                // For each token in the comma-delimited string, add a column
                // to the DataTable schema.
                foreach (string token in dataValues) {
                    col = new DataColumn(token,typeof(string));
                    data.Columns.Add(col);
                }

                // Do not add the first row as data if the CSV file includes column names.
                if (! IncludesColumnNames)
                    data.Rows.Add(CopyRowData(dataValues, data.NewRow()));

                // Do the following to add data.
                while ((s = sr.ReadLine()) != null) {
                    dataValues = s.Split(',');
                    data.Rows.Add(CopyRowData(dataValues, data.NewRow()));
                }
            }
            data.AcceptChanges();
            DataView dataView = new DataView(data);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(selectArgs.SortExpression)) {
                dataView.Sort = selectArgs.SortExpression;
            }
            dataList = dataView;
        }
        else {
            throw new System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException("File not found, " + this.SourceFile);
        }

        if (null == dataList) {
            throw new InvalidOperationException("No data loaded from data source.");
        }

        return dataList;
    }

    private DataRow CopyRowData(string[] source, DataRow target) {
        try {
            for (int i = 0;i < source.Length;i++) {
                target[i] = source[i];
            }
        }
        catch (System.IndexOutOfRangeException) {
            // There are more columns in this row than
            // the original schema allows.  Stop copying
            // and return the DataRow.
            return target;
        }
        return target;
    }
    // The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
    // permit deletion. You can modify or extend
    // this sample to do so.
    public override bool CanDelete {
        get {
            return false;
        }
    }
    protected override int ExecuteDelete(IDictionary keys, IDictionary values)
    {
        throw new NotSupportedException();
    }
    // The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
    // permit insertion of a new record. You can
    // modify or extend this sample to do so.
    public override bool CanInsert {
        get {
            return false;
        }
    }
    protected override int ExecuteInsert(IDictionary values)
    {
        throw new NotSupportedException();
    }
    // The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
    // permit update operations. You can modify or
    // extend this sample to do so.
    public override bool CanUpdate {
        get {
            return false;
        }
    }
    protected override int ExecuteUpdate(IDictionary keys, IDictionary values, IDictionary oldValues)
    {
        throw new NotSupportedException();
    }
}

Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Data
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Permissions
Imports System.Web
Imports System.Web.UI
Imports System.Web.UI.WebControls

Namespace Samples.AspNet.VB.Controls

' The CsvDataSource is a data source control that retrieves its
' data from a comma-separated value file.
<AspNetHostingPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, Level:=AspNetHostingPermissionLevel.Minimal)> _
Public Class CsvDataSource
   Inherits DataSourceControl

   Public Sub New()
   End Sub

   ' The comma-separated value file to retrieve data from.
   Public Property FileName() As String
      Get
         Return CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).SourceFile
      End Get
      Set
         ' Only set if it is different.
         If CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).SourceFile <> value Then
            CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).SourceFile = value
            RaiseDataSourceChangedEvent(EventArgs.Empty)
         End If
      End Set
   End Property

   ' Do not add the column names as a data row. Infer columns if the CSV file does
   ' not include column names.

   Public Property IncludesColumnNames() As Boolean
      Get
         Return CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).IncludesColumnNames
      End Get
      Set
         ' Only set if it is different.
         If CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).IncludesColumnNames <> value Then
            CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).IncludesColumnNames = value
            RaiseDataSourceChangedEvent(EventArgs.Empty)
         End If
      End Set
   End Property


   ' Return a strongly typed view for the current data source control.
   Private view As CsvDataSourceView = Nothing

   Protected Overrides Function GetView(viewName As String) As DataSourceView
      If view Is Nothing Then
         view = New CsvDataSourceView(Me, String.Empty)
      End If
      Return view
   End Function 'GetView

   ' The ListSourceHelper class calls GetList, which
   ' calls the DataSourceControl.GetViewNames method.
   ' Override the original implementation to return
   ' a collection of one element, the default view name.
   Protected Overrides Function GetViewNames() As ICollection
      Dim al As New ArrayList(1)
      al.Add(CsvDataSourceView.DefaultViewName)
      Return CType(al, ICollection)
   End Function 'GetViewNames

End Class


' The CsvDataSourceView class encapsulates the
' capabilities of the CsvDataSource data source control.

Public Class CsvDataSourceView
   Inherits DataSourceView

   Public Sub New(owner As IDataSource, name As String)
       MyBase.New(owner, DefaultViewName)
   End Sub

   ' The data source view is named. However, the CsvDataSource
   ' only supports one view, so the name is ignored, and the
   ' default name used instead.
   Public Shared DefaultViewName As String = "CommaSeparatedView"

   ' The location of the .csv file.
   Private aSourceFile As String = [String].Empty

   Friend Property SourceFile() As String
      Get
         Return aSourceFile
      End Get
      Set
         ' Use MapPath when the SourceFile is set, so that files local to the
         ' current directory can be easily used.
         Dim mappedFileName As String
         mappedFileName = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(value)
         aSourceFile = mappedFileName
      End Set
   End Property

   ' Do not add the column names as a data row. Infer columns if the CSV file does
   ' not include column names.
   Private columns As Boolean = False

   Friend Property IncludesColumnNames() As Boolean
      Get
         Return columns
      End Get
      Set
         columns = value
      End Set
   End Property

   ' Get data from the underlying data source.
   ' Build and return a DataView, regardless of mode.
   Protected Overrides Function ExecuteSelect(selectArgs As DataSourceSelectArguments) _
    As System.Collections.IEnumerable
      Dim dataList As IEnumerable = Nothing
      ' Open the .csv file.
      If File.Exists(Me.SourceFile) Then
         Dim data As New DataTable()

         ' Open the file to read from.
         Dim sr As StreamReader = File.OpenText(Me.SourceFile)

         Try
            ' Parse the line
            Dim dataValues() As String
            Dim col As DataColumn

            ' Do the following to add schema.
            dataValues = sr.ReadLine().Split(","c)
            ' For each token in the comma-delimited string, add a column
            ' to the DataTable schema.
            Dim token As String
            For Each token In dataValues
               col = New DataColumn(token, System.Type.GetType("System.String"))
               data.Columns.Add(col)
            Next token

            ' Do not add the first row as data if the CSV file includes column names.
            If Not IncludesColumnNames Then
               data.Rows.Add(CopyRowData(dataValues, data.NewRow()))
            End If

            ' Do the following to add data.
            Dim s As String
            Do
               s = sr.ReadLine()
               If Not s Is Nothing Then
                   dataValues = s.Split(","c)
                   data.Rows.Add(CopyRowData(dataValues, data.NewRow()))
               End If
            Loop Until s Is Nothing

         Finally
            sr.Close()
         End Try

         data.AcceptChanges()
         Dim dataView As New DataView(data)
         If Not selectArgs.SortExpression Is String.Empty Then
             dataView.Sort = selectArgs.SortExpression
         End If
         dataList = dataView
      Else
         Throw New System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException("File not found, " + Me.SourceFile)
      End If

      If dataList is Nothing Then
         Throw New InvalidOperationException("No data loaded from data source.")
      End If

      Return dataList
   End Function 'ExecuteSelect


   Private Function CopyRowData([source]() As String, target As DataRow) As DataRow
      Try
         Dim i As Integer
         For i = 0 To [source].Length - 1
            target(i) = [source](i)
         Next i
      Catch iore As IndexOutOfRangeException
         ' There are more columns in this row than
         ' the original schema allows.  Stop copying
         ' and return the DataRow.
         Return target
      End Try
      Return target
   End Function 'CopyRowData

   ' The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
   ' permit deletion. You can modify or extend
   ' this sample to do so.
   Public Overrides ReadOnly Property CanDelete() As Boolean
      Get
         Return False
      End Get
   End Property

   Protected Overrides Function ExecuteDelete(keys As IDictionary, values As IDictionary) As Integer
      Throw New NotSupportedException()
   End Function 'ExecuteDelete

   ' The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
   ' permit insertion of a new record. You can
   ' modify or extend this sample to do so.
   Public Overrides ReadOnly Property CanInsert() As Boolean
      Get
         Return False
      End Get
   End Property

   Protected Overrides Function ExecuteInsert(values As IDictionary) As Integer
      Throw New NotSupportedException()
   End Function 'ExecuteInsert

   ' The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
   ' permit update operations. You can modify or
   ' extend this sample to do so.
   Public Overrides ReadOnly Property CanUpdate() As Boolean
      Get
         Return False
      End Get
   End Property

   Protected Overrides Function ExecuteUpdate(keys As IDictionary, _
                                              values As IDictionary, _
                                              oldValues As IDictionary) As Integer
      Throw New NotSupportedException()
   End Function 'ExecuteUpdate

End Class
End Namespace

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra cómo usar el CsvDataSource control en un formulario web.

<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Register Tagprefix="aspSample"
             Namespace="Samples.AspNet.CS.Controls" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
  <head runat="server">
    <title>ASP.NET Example</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">

      <asp:gridview
          id="GridView1"
          runat="server"
          allowsorting="True"
          datasourceid="CsvDataSource1" />

      <aspSample:CsvDataSource
          id = "CsvDataSource1"
          runat = "server"
          filename = "sample.csv"
          includescolumnnames="True" />

    </form>
  </body>
</html>

<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<%@ Register Tagprefix="aspSample"
             Namespace="Samples.AspNet.VB.Controls" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
    <head runat="server">
    <title>ASP.NET Example</title>
</head>
<body>
        <form id="form1" runat="server">

            <asp:gridview
                id="GridView1"
                runat="server"
                allowsorting="True"
                datasourceid="CsvDataSource1" />

            <aspSample:CsvDataSource
                id = "CsvDataSource1"
                runat = "server"
                filename = "sample.csv"
                includescolumnnames="True" />

        </form>
    </body>
</html>

Comentarios

ASP.NET admite una arquitectura de enlace de datos de control que permite que los controles de servidor web se enlacen a datos de forma coherente. Los controles de servidor web que se enlazan a datos se conocen como controles enlazados a datos y las clases que facilitan ese enlace se denominan controles de origen de datos. Los controles de origen de datos pueden representar cualquier origen de datos: una base de datos relacional, un archivo, un flujo, un objeto de negocio, etc. Los controles de origen de datos presentan datos de forma coherente a los controles enlazados a datos, independientemente del origen o formato de los datos subyacentes.

Use los controles de origen de datos que se proporcionan con ASP.NET, incluidos SqlDataSource, AccessDataSourcey XmlDataSource, para realizar la mayoría de las tareas de desarrollo web. Use la clase base DataSourceControl cuando desee implementar su propio control de origen de datos personalizado.

Aunque cualquier clase que implementa la IDataSource interfaz es un control de origen de datos, la mayoría de los controles de origen de datos ASP.NET amplían la clase abstracta DataSourceControl , que proporciona una implementación base de la IDataSource interfaz. La DataSourceControl clase también proporciona una implementación de la IListSource interfaz , que permite asignar mediante programación el control de origen de datos a la DataSource propiedad de un control enlazado a datos y devolver datos al control como una lista básica.

Cualquier control ASP.NET que derive de la DataBoundControl clase puede enlazarse a un control de origen de datos. Cuando se DataBoundControl enlaza a un control de origen de datos, el enlace de datos se realiza automáticamente en tiempo de ejecución. También puede usar controles de origen de datos con controles de ASP.NET que exponen una DataSource propiedad o DataSourceID y admiten el enlace de datos básico, pero no se derivan de DataBoundControl. Al usar estos controles enlazados a datos, debe llamar explícitamente al DataBind método . Para obtener más información sobre el enlace de datos, consulte ASP.NET Mapa de contenido de acceso a datos.

Puede considerar un control de origen de datos como la combinación del DataSourceControl objeto y sus listas de datos asociadas, denominadas vistas del origen de datos. Cada lista de datos se representa mediante un DataSourceView objeto . Dado que el almacenamiento de datos subyacente contiene una o varias listas de datos, siempre DataSourceControl está asociado a uno o varios objetos con nombre DataSourceView . La IDataSource interfaz define los métodos que todos los controles de origen de datos usan para interactuar con las vistas del origen de datos: el GetViewNames método se usa para enumerar las vistas del origen de datos asociadas actualmente con el control de origen de datos y el GetView método se usa para recuperar una instancia de vista del origen de datos específica por nombre.

También puede considerar el control de origen de datos como dos interfaces distintas que los llamadores usan para acceder a los datos. La DataSourceControl clase es la interfaz con la que interactúan los desarrolladores de páginas directamente al desarrollar una página de Web Forms y la clase es la interfaz con la DataSourceView que interactúan los autores de controles enlazados a datos y los autores de controles enlazados a datos. Dado que el DataSourceView objeto solo está disponible en tiempo de ejecución, el control de origen de datos o la vista del origen de datos deben exponerse directamente mediante el control de origen de datos.

No hay representación visual de ASP.NET controles de origen de datos; se implementan como controles para poder crearlos mediante declaración y, opcionalmente, permitirles participar en la administración de estados. Como resultado, los controles de origen de datos no admiten características visuales como EnableTheming o SkinID.

Constructores

Propiedades

Métodos

Eventos

Implementaciones de interfaz explícitas

Métodos de extensión

Se aplica a

Consulte también

• IDataSource
• DataSourceView
• DataBoundControl
• HierarchicalDataSourceControl