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Math::E Field
Visual Studio 2010
Represents the natural logarithmic base, specified by the constant, e.
Assembly: mscorlib (in mscorlib.dll)
The following example compares E with the value calculated from a power series.
// Example for the Math::E field. using namespace System; // Approximate E with a power series. void CalcPowerSeries() { double factorial = 1.0; double PS = 0.0; // Stop iterating when the series converges, // and prevent a runaway process. for ( int n = 0; n < 999 && Math::Abs( Math::E - PS ) > 1.0E-15; n++ ) { // Calculate a running factorial. if ( n > 0 ) factorial *= (double)n; // Calculate and display the power series. PS += 1.0 / factorial; Console::WriteLine( "PS({0:D2}) == {1:E16}, Math::E - PS({0:D2}) == {2:E16}", n, PS, Math::E - PS ); } } int main() { Console::WriteLine( "This example of Math::E == {0:E16}\n" "generates the following output.\n", Math::E ); Console::WriteLine( "Define the power series PS(n) = Sum(k->0,n)[1/k!]" ); Console::WriteLine( " (limit n->infinity)PS(n) == e" ); Console::WriteLine( "Display PS(n) and Math::E - PS(n), " "and stop when delta < 1.0E-15\n" ); CalcPowerSeries(); } /* This example of Math::E == 2.7182818284590451E+000 generates the following output. Define the power series PS(n) = Sum(k->0,n)[1/k!] (limit n->infinity)PS(n) == e Display PS(n) and Math::E - PS(n), and stop when delta < 1.0E-15 PS(00) == 1.0000000000000000E+000, Math::E - PS(00) == 1.7182818284590451E+000 PS(01) == 2.0000000000000000E+000, Math::E - PS(01) == 7.1828182845904509E-001 PS(02) == 2.5000000000000000E+000, Math::E - PS(02) == 2.1828182845904509E-001 PS(03) == 2.6666666666666665E+000, Math::E - PS(03) == 5.1615161792378572E-002 PS(04) == 2.7083333333333330E+000, Math::E - PS(04) == 9.9484951257120535E-003 PS(05) == 2.7166666666666663E+000, Math::E - PS(05) == 1.6151617923787498E-003 PS(06) == 2.7180555555555554E+000, Math::E - PS(06) == 2.2627290348964380E-004 PS(07) == 2.7182539682539684E+000, Math::E - PS(07) == 2.7860205076724043E-005 PS(08) == 2.7182787698412700E+000, Math::E - PS(08) == 3.0586177750535626E-006 PS(09) == 2.7182815255731922E+000, Math::E - PS(09) == 3.0288585284310443E-007 PS(10) == 2.7182818011463845E+000, Math::E - PS(10) == 2.7312660577649694E-008 PS(11) == 2.7182818261984929E+000, Math::E - PS(11) == 2.2605521898810821E-009 PS(12) == 2.7182818282861687E+000, Math::E - PS(12) == 1.7287637987806193E-010 PS(13) == 2.7182818284467594E+000, Math::E - PS(13) == 1.2285727990501982E-011 PS(14) == 2.7182818284582302E+000, Math::E - PS(14) == 8.1490370007486490E-013 PS(15) == 2.7182818284589949E+000, Math::E - PS(15) == 5.0182080713057076E-014 PS(16) == 2.7182818284590429E+000, Math::E - PS(16) == 2.2204460492503131E-015 PS(17) == 2.7182818284590455E+000, Math::E - PS(17) == -4.4408920985006262E-016 */
Windows 7, Windows Vista SP1 or later, Windows XP SP3, Windows XP SP2 x64 Edition, Windows Server 2008 (Server Core not supported), Windows Server 2008 R2 (Server Core supported with SP1 or later), Windows Server 2003 SP2
The .NET Framework does not support all versions of every platform. For a list of the supported versions, see .NET Framework System Requirements.
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