Glossary
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P Q R S T U V W
A
access control list (ACL)
A list of users or groups and their security permissions. Identifies who can update, modify, or delete an object on a computer or resource on the network.
Active Server Pages (ASP pages)
A technology that allows Web developers to combine scripts and HTML code to create dynamic Web content and Web-based applications.
administration port
The Internet Information Services (IIS) virtual server and port used for SharePoint Central Administration.
alert
A feature that notifies a user by e-mail when there is a change to an item, document, list, or document library on the Web site.
Anonymous authentication
An authentication method that provides access to users who do not have user accounts on the server computer.
anonymous user access
The ability to gain access to a Web server on which one does not have an account. Usually, anonymous users have more restricted access rights than users with accounts.
application pool
In Internet Information Services (IIS), a group of one or more URLs served by a worker process.
approval process
The process of reviewing a document before publishing it.
approval route
The path through which a document is approved.
approve
To accept a submitted item for publication.
approver
A user who has permission to approve or reject documents in a specified folder.
area
A classification for grouping content by user-defined criteria such as page contents, file types, or a similar distinction.
audience
A custom group used to target content to people based on membership within the group.
authentication
The process of proving that a user is who he or she claims to be.
authorization
The process of determining what a user is permitted to do.
B
Basic authentication
Authentication protocol supported by most Web servers and browsers. Transmits the user name and password in clear text.
C
cache
A special memory subsystem in which frequently used data values are duplicated for quick access.
Certificate authentication
An authentication method that provides security for TCP/IP connections. Also known as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).
Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
A standard method of extending Web server functionality by executing programs or scripts on a Web server in response to Web browser requests, such as in form processing. Use of CGI can make a Web page more dynamic.
character set
A group of alphabetic, numeric, and other characters that have some relationship in common. For example, the standard ASCII character set includes letters, numbers, symbols, and control codes that make up the ASCII code scheme. See also code page.
check in
To release the lock for editing and enable other users to view the updated file or check out the file.
check out
To lock a file while editing it to prevent others from overwriting or editing it inadvertently. Only the user who checks out a document can edit the document.
check-in form
The form that displays when a user checks in a document to a backward-compatible document library. The form contains a box for check-in comments, an option to publish a document, and a drop-down menu for selecting a document profile.
clear text
Unencrypted, non-machine-dependent ASCII text in readable form.
code page
An ordered set of characters in which a numeric index (code point) is associated with each character of a particular writing system. There are separate code pages for different writing systems, such as Western European and Cyrillic.
code point
A numeric value in Unicode or in a code page that corresponds to a character. For example, in the Western European code page, 132 is the code point for the character รค; however, in another code page, the code point 132 might correspond to a different character.
component settings database
A database that stores service information for each portal site in a deployment.
configuration database
The Microsoft SQL Server or MSDE database that contains the configuration information that applies across all servers in a deployment of SharePoint Products and Technologies, such as virtual server information.
configuration property
A property that allows an administrator to control Windows SharePoint Services settings.
connection type
The type of Web Part connection. For example, the Provide Row To connection type passes a row of data from one Web Part to another Web Part, and the Get Filter From connection type gets a value from one Web Part and filters the data in another Web Part based on that value.
content database
The Microsoft SQL Server, MSDE, or WMSDE database that contains the content for one or more SharePoint sites.
content index
The full-text index, pointer to the property store, and other data that describes content across content sources, scopes, and servers.
content source
A starting point for crawling a file system, database, or Web site.
crawl
To search content to include it in a content index.
cross-site group
A custom security group that applies to more than one Web site. A cross-site group can be assigned to a site group as if it was a single user.
customize
To change the layout, view, content, etc. for a group of users.
D
datasheet view
A view of a SharePoint list that allows you to modify multiple values.
dictionary
A defined list of values for a property.
Digest Access authentication
An authentication method that transmits user names and passwords in a secure format.
discussion server
A computer that stores discussion text and information about the location of the file being discussed.
discussion thread
In a discussion board or Web discussions, a series of messages or comments in which replies are nested under the message or comment instead of being arranged in chronological or alphabetical order.
document library
A folder where a collection of files is stored and where the files frequently use the same template. Each file in a library is associated with user-defined information that is displayed in the content listing for that library.
document profile
A set of properties applied to similar documents in the backward-compatible document library.
Document Workspace site
A Web site based on the Document Workspace template that workspace members use for discussing, editing, and working together on a document.
E
encryption
A method used to scramble the content of a file or data packet to make the data unreadable without the decryption key.
encryption key
A block of data that is used to encrypt or decrypt information.
encryption, 128-bit
A high level of encryption that uses a 128-bit key to scramble the contents of a file or data packet to make the data unreadable without the decryption key.
encryption, 40-bit
A low level of encryption that uses a 40-bit key to scramble the contents of a file or data packet to make the data unreadable without the decryption key.
enhanced folder
A folder in a backward-compatible document library that supports document management tasks such as check-in, check-out, versioning, approval, and publishing.
enterprise application
A back-end business application that SharePoint Portal Server 2003 connects to by using the application definition Web Part.
enterprise application integration
The process of bringing data or functions from an enterprise application together with data or functions from another enterprise application.
extend
To apply Windows SharePoint Services to a virtual server.
extranet
An external Web site for an organization; usually secured so that only authorized users can access it.
F
file allocation table (FAT)
A common format for file cataloging used by MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows operating systems to manage files on a hard disk; a physical method of storing and accessing files from a hard disk. The FAT contains a list of all files on the physical or logical drive.
firewall
A security system that uses a proxy server outside of an organization's network to protect the network against external threats, such as malicious users or corrupt files.
FrontPage Server Extensions
A set of programs and scripts that support authoring in Microsoft Office FrontPage and that extend the functionality of a Web server.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
A protocol that is used to copy files to or from a Web server.
full-text index
A resource that is compiled to enable full-text search of documents, document properties, and content that are stored outside the document library but are made available through content sources.
G
gallery
A collection of Web Parts, list templates, or site templates.
H
Highlight
A listing or document selected as the best recommendation for a specific portal area.
home page
The main page of a Web site. A home page usually has links to other pages, both inside and outside the site.
hyperlink
A colored and underlined block of text or a graphic that a user clicks to go to a file, a location in a file, an HTML page on the World Wide Web, or an HTML page on an intranet. Hyperlinks can also go to newsgroups and to Gopher, Telnet, and FTP sites.
I
IFilter
A component that can interpret a file format, such as the Microsoft Word document format, for the purpose of crawling the text content of files for inclusion in the full-text index.
index propagation
The process of distributing an index from a content index server to one or more Web servers for the purposes of providing search.
Integrated Windows authentication
An authentication method that encrypts user names and passwords in a multiple-transaction interaction between client and server. Also known as Windows NT Challenge/Response authentication.
Internet
The worldwide collection of networks and gateways that use the TCP/IP suite of protocols to communicate with one another. If you have access to the Internet, you can retrieve information from millions of sources, including schools, governments, businesses, and individuals.
Internet Information Services (IIS)
Software services from Microsoft that support Web site creation, configuration, management, and other Internet functions. Internet Information Services include Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).
intranet
A private network for an organization based on Internet protocols such as TCP/IP.
Internet Server Application Programming Interface (ISAPI)
A Web server application-development interface, developed by Process Software and Microsoft, that can be used in place of CGI.
ISAPI
See Internet Server Application Programming Interface
item
An entry in a list or portal area. An item can contain content or be a link to content stored elsewhere.
J
JScript
An object-based scripting language distantly and loosely related to Java. JScript code is inserted directly into an HTML page.
job server
A server that hosts shared jobs.
K
keyword
Metadata that facilitates effective search queries on content included in a full-text index.
keyword synonyms
Words that are identified as having the same or similar meaning as a specific keyword.
L
list
A Web site component that stores and displays information that users can add to by using their browsers. Requires a Web server that is running Windows SharePoint Services or SharePoint Portal Server 2003.
local administrators group
The group of users who have permission to perform administration tasks on the local server computer. The permissions for this group are set by using the administration tools for the operating system.
locale ID (LCID)
A 32-bit value defined by Microsoft Windows that identifies a particular language. The LCID consists of a language ID, a sort ID, and reserved bits. For example, the LCID for U.S. English is 1033, and the LCID for Japanese is 1041.
M
Meeting Workspace site
A Web site based on a Meeting Workspace site template that is used for planning, posting, and working together on meeting materials and following up after a meeting or series of meetings.
metadata
Data about data. For example, the metadata for a file can include the title, subject, author, and size of the file.
Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Desktop Engine (MSDE 2000)
A data store based on Microsoft SQL Server technology, but designed and optimized for use on smaller computer systems, such as a single-user computer or a small workgroup server. Previously known as Microsoft Data Engine.
Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Desktop Engine (Windows) (WMSDE 2000)
A version of MSDE 2000 designed specifically for Windows SharePoint Services.
multihosting
The ability of a Web server to support more than one Internet address and more than one home page. Also called multihoming.
My Site
The name of a personal site created on a portal site.
N
network domain
A group of users in a network who share a common set of shared resources, such as server disk drives and printers. A large network may have several domains based on the needs of each set of users.
NTFS file system
An advanced file system designed for use specifically with Microsoft Windows NT and later operating systems. NTFS allows for stronger security and more flexible file management methods than FAT. See also file allocation table (FAT).
P
parallel approval
A type of approval route where a document is routed to multiple approvers at the same time.
personalize
To change the layout, view, content, etc. for yourself but not for others.
personal site
A site, named "My Site," created by an individual on a portal site.
personal view
A view of a list, SharePoint document library, or Web Part Page that is available only to a particular user. The personal view of a Web Part Page uses a combination of shared property values and personalized property values. Changes made to a personal view apply only to the list, library, or page in that view and are therefore visible to that user only.
personalized Web Part
A shared Web Part that has been modified by a user in personal view. The changes made to a personalized Web Part are visible only to the user who made the changes.
private Web Part
A Web Part added to a Web Part Page by a user who is working on the page in personal view. Private Web Parts are available only to the user who added or imported the Web Part.
property weighting
The ability to manipulate the rank of a search result by assigning more importance to particular property values. For example, a file that matches a search term in the title might rank higher than a file that matches the search term only in the text.
Q
quota
A value that limits the amount of storage or number of users for a Web site.
quota template
A predefined set of quotas to apply to a site or to all sites on a virtual server.
quiet installation
An installation started with the /q command-line option that runs without generating any user prompts. Also known as unattended installation.
R
rank
The relevance of a file to a search query.
rank coercion
The ability to rank a file at the top of search results for a given search query.
remote host
A Web server on a separate server computer. A remote host is connected to other servers by a network connection.
rights
File-level and folder-level permissions that allow access to a Web site.
role
See site group.
S
scope
The range and depth of a search on the portal site.
scripting language
A programming language designed specifically for Web site programming. Examples include JScript and Microsoft Visual Basic Scripting Edition (VBScript).
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
A proposed open standard that was developed by Netscape Communications for establishing a secure communications channel to prevent the interception of critical information, such as credit card numbers.
serial approval
A type of approval route where a document is routed to one approver after another.
server farm
A central group of network servers maintained by an enterprise or an Internet service provider (ISP). A server farm provides a network with load balancing, scalability, and fault tolerance. In some configurations, multiple servers may appear to users as a single resource.
Setupsts.exe
The setup program for Windows SharePoint Services.
shared services
Portal services that are shared across server farms.
shared view
A view of a list, document library, or Web Part Page that every user with the appropriate permissions on a site can see. The shared view of a Web Part Page uses shared property values. Changes made to a shared view apply to the list, library, or page as it appears to all users.
shared Web Part
A Web Part added to a Web Part Page by a user who is working on the page in shared view. Shared Web Parts are available to all users of a Web Part Page who have the appropriate permissions.
single sign-on
An authentication process that permits a user to enter one name and password to access multiple applications.
site
A group of related Web pages that is hosted by an HTTP server on the World Wide Web or an intranet. The pages in a Web site typically cover one or more topics and are interconnected through links. Most Web sites have a home page as their starting point.
site collection
A set of Web sites on a virtual server that have the same owner and share administration settings. Each site collection contains a top-level Web site and can contain one or more subsites. There can be multiple site collections on each virtual server.
site group
A custom security group that applies to a specific Web site. Users are assigned to site groups to grant them permissions on a SharePoint site.
SMTP mail server
An e-mail server that uses the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). SMTP is a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols that governs the exchange of electronic mail between message transfer agents.
Spotlight Site
A listing or document selected as the best recommendation in the Site Directory.
SQL Server computer
A computer running Microsoft SQL Server with a configured database.
static Web Part
A Web Part that is added to a Web page (.aspx file) and that is not in a Web Part zone.
subsite
A complete Web site stored in a named subdirectory of the top-level Web site. Each subsite can have administration, authoring, and browsing permissions that are independent from the top-level Web site and other subsites.
survey
A Web site component that presents users with a set of questions specified by the creator of the survey and collects user responses. Results are tallied in a graphical summary. A survey requires a Web server that is running Windows SharePoint Services or SharePoint Portal Server 2003.
T
Telnet
A protocol that enables an Internet user to log on to and enter commands on a remote computer linked to the Internet, as if the user were using a text-based terminal directly attached to that computer. Telnet is frequently used to gain remote access to UNIX Web servers.
tool pane
A task pane on a Web Part Page used to browse, search for, and import Web Parts from Web Part galleries, and to modify custom and common Web Part properties.
tool part
A control in the tool pane that allows users to set properties, execute commands, invoke wizards, and manipulate Web Parts on a Web Part Page.
Topic Assistant
A tool used to categorize content into areas automatically.
top-level Web site
The default, top-level site provided by a Web server or virtual server. To gain access to the top-level Web site, you supply the URL of the server without specifying a page name or subsite.
U
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
An address that specifies a protocol (such as HTTP or FTP) and a location of an object, document, World Wide Web page, or other destination on the Internet or an intranet. For example: http://www.microsoft.com/.
usage analysis
Data collected to evaluate how a Web site is being used, such as visitor user names, number of visits to each page, and the types of Web browsers used.
user locale
A setting that determines formats and sort orders for date, time, currency, and so on. Also known as regional settings.
user profile
A collection of properties known about a person within a portal site and related data such as documents the person has written, teams the person belongs to, and links the person has shared.
V
Visual Basic Scripting Edition (VBScript)
A subset of the Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications programming language optimized for Web-related programming. As with Microsoft JScript, code for VBScript is embedded in HTML files.
vCard
The Internet standard for creating and sharing virtual business cards.
versioning
The process of creating a backup copy of a document or picture whenever a revision is saved to the library.
virtual server
A virtual computer that resides on an HTTP server but appears to the user as a separate HTTP server. Several virtual servers can reside on one computer, each capable of running its own programs and each with individualized access to input and peripheral devices. Each virtual server can have its own domain name and IP address.
W
Web address
The path to an object, document, file, page, or other destination. An address can be a URL (Web address) or a UNC path (network address) and can include a specific location within a file, such as a Word bookmark or an Excel cell range. Also known as address.
Web discussion
Comments that users attach to Web pages and documents. Known as Web discussions to differentiate them from discussion boards. Web discussions require a Web server that is running SharePoint Team Services or Windows SharePoint Services.
Web farm
See server farm.
Web Part
A modular unit of information that consists of a title bar, a frame, and content. Web Parts are the basic building blocks of a Web Part Page. A Web Part is the combination of a Web Part Description (.dwp) file and a Web Part assembly (.dll) file. All Web Parts are based on Web Custom Controls.
Web Part description (.dwp) file
An XML file that defines default property settings for installing a Web Part, including references to any other files required to run and display the part.
Web Part infrastructure
The programming architecture used to work with Web Parts and Web Part Pages.
Web Part Page
A special type of Web page that contains one or more Web Parts. A Web Part Page consolidates data, such as lists and charts, and Web content, such as text and images, into a dynamic information portal built around a common task or special interest.
Web Part zone
A container with a set of properties that can be configured to control the organization and format of Web Parts on a Web Part Page. Web Part zones can also be used to provide protection against changes to Web Parts.
Web server
A computer that hosts Web pages and responds to requests from browsers. URLs for files hosted on a Web server begin with http://. Also known as an HTTP server.
WMSDE
See Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Desktop Engine (Windows).
word breaker
A search technology used to separate text into individual words for implementing search queries.