Communication Services and Networking

Article
06/30/2006

Microsoft® Windows® CE provides networking and communications capabilities that enable devices to connect and communicate with other devices and people over both wireless and wired networks. The following list shows the tasks that Windows CE networking drivers, protocols, and application programming interfaces (APIs) enable:

OEMs can create network-connected devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), smart phones, digital cameras, and gateways.
Independent software vendors (ISVs), carriers, and enterprises can create rich network-aware applications and services using APIs and services such as Extensible Markup Language (XML), SOAP, Winsock, Message Queuing (MSMQ), and MediaSense.
Independent hardware vendors (IHVs) can create networking drivers using Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) 5.1 and NDIS test tools — for example 802.11, Bluetooth, GPRS, CDMA, and Ethernet.

Windows CE .NET also includes wireless features such as Bluetooth, 802.11 (802.1x, Extensible Authentication Protocol and 802.11 automatic configuration), and MediaSense; server features such as Remote Access Service (RAS)/ Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Servers, and services and APIs such as Communications Service, Winsock 2.2, and Object Exchange Protocol (OBEX). In addition, Windows CE .NET includes an updated TCP/IP stack and Network Driver Interface Specification 5.1. The network user interface has also been updated to enable certificate logon, discovery of devices over Bluetooth, and setup of 802.11 networks.

The following illustration shows the communications and networking architecture for Windows CE. The table following the illustration describes each feature in the architecture.

The following table shows each communication feature in alphabetic order, describes the feature, and links to the feature's main programming topic.

Feature	Description
802.11 Automatic Configuration and 802.1x	Automatic Configuration enables seamless roaming from one 802.11 network to another. It also simplifies user configuration of 802.11 networks. 802.1x enables authentication and automatic WEP key management for 802.11.
Bluetooth	A short-range wireless technology that enables data communication between devices. It also provides the capability for using a Bluetooth-enabled cellular phone as a data modem, exchanging information with other Bluetooth devices, and providing network access.
Communications Service (RTC Client API)	The Communications Service enables instant messaging services, Voice over IP (VoIP) communication to other SIP-enabled devices, and calls to PSTN telephones via the Real-time Communications (RTC) Client API.
Dial-up Networking (RAS/PPP)	Consists of RAS client API and the Point to Point Protocol (PPP). PPP is a set of industry standard framing and authentication protocols that enables dial-up networking through any server that supports PPP. The RAS client includes AutoDial, which allows a user to set up a dial-up network connection to dial automatically when network resources are required. For Windows CE .NET, RAS and PPP support Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) and RAS scripting.
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)	Standardized support mechanism for authentication schemes such as token cards, certificates, Public Key, and S/Key. EAP is extensible enabling OEMs to plug in additional authentication schemes. For Microsoft Windows CE .NET, 802.1x, PPP and PPTP support EAP.
FTP Server	A sample server used for transferring files to and from remote computer systems over a network using TCP/IP.
File Server	The file server enables clients to access files and other resources from a server over a network using TCP/IP.
Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)	A collection of technologies that work together to enable multiple devices on a private network to share a single Internet connection.
IrDA	A high-speed, short-range, line-of-sight, point-to-point cordless data transfer protocol using infrared light. This feature supports the Infrared Data Association (IrDA) protocol stack and Winsock extension APIs for application programming.
L2TP/IPSec	The Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is an industry-standard Internet tunneling protocol that allows users to access a private network by setting up a tunnel through a public network or by using a virtual private network (VNP) connection. L2TP uses the authentication and compression mechanisms of Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). L2TP relies on IP Security Protocol (IPSec) to encrypt PPP frames.
LDAP Client	A Lightweight Database Access Protocol (LDAP) and API to query add and remove entries in any LDAP-compliant directory such as Microsoft Active Directory®.
Local Area Network (Ethernet/802.11)	Supports any 802.3 (Ethernet) miniports with NDIS. This includes support for 802.11, Ethernet, the Home Phoneline Networking Alliance (HPNA) standard, digital subscriber line (DSL), and other technologies that typically emulate Ethernet connections.
NDIS 5.1	The standard network driver architecture for all Windows-based platforms. NDIS 5.1 supports 802.3 (such as Ethernet, 802.11, and HPNA), IrDa, WAN, and 802.5 media types.
Native 802.11	A wireless LAN framework that is targeted to improve 802.11 end user experience, lower 802.11 device and infrastructure deployments costs, and provide richer differentiated functionality in Windows by enhancing features like security power management, roaming, load balancing, Quality of Service (QoS) and location awareness. In this release, a reference implementation of a wireless access point using Native 802.11 is included.
Network Bridging	Interconnects network segments in a multiple-segment network by forwarding frames from one segment to another.
Network User Interface (NetUI)	Enables users to configure network connections such as dial-up networking (such as modems), direct connections (such as serial and/or USB) as well as LAN connections (such as 802.11). In addition, the network UI enables discovery and bonding of Bluetooth-enabled hardware. A Systray icon is also provided to show network status.
Network Utilities (IpConfig, Ping, Route)	Utilities for troubleshooting various network problems.
Object Exchange Protocol (OBEX)	An efficient, compact binary protocol that enables a wide range of devices to exchange data spontaneously in a simple, efficient manner. This protocol works with Bluetooth and IrDA.
Print Server	The print server enables clients to access printers from a server over a network by using TCP/IP.
PPTP	Enables an encrypted connection using a security infrastructure so a user can communicate or exchange data with another IP-connected device or remote network.
RAS Server/PPTP Server (incoming)	A remote server that enables clients to create dial-up RAS or Virtual Private Network (VPN) connections.
Serial Communications	Serial I/O is the simplest form of communication supported by Windows CE. It includes the serial port driver and support for infrared communications.
Services.exe	Provides a services loader allowing servers to be loaded, started, and stopped dynamically. It also provides the ability to load servers dynamically based on network requests to the device.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)	Monitors remote connections to the network.
TCP/IP	A set of protocols that allow cooperating computers and devices to share resources across a network. It includes support for the following protocols: Internet (IP) Address Resolution (ARP) Internet Control Message (ICMP) Internet Group Membership (IGMP) Transmission Control (TCP) User Datagram (UDP) TCP/IP also supports name resolution and registration, and DHCP, and includes an IP Helper API that gives applications easy access to TCP/IP services.
Telephony API (TAPI)	Manages phone connection and disconnection and is required for call setup and modem support. TAPI includes Unimodem Support, which supports AT command-based standard modems.
Telnet Server	A sample server that allows remote administration through a standard telnet client.
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) (UPnP)	Consists of the following APIs: Control Point API that allows developers to quickly and easily create products that can discover and control network services and resources that are UPnP-enabled. Device Host API that allows OEMs to create devices that can advertise services and resources to the rest of the network. A subset of the device host APIs that provides a very slim API to create UPnP devices.
Web Server (HTTPD)	A lightweight HTTP server that provides a means for remote configuration on headless designs and offers ASP and ISAPI Secure Socket Layer support. Web server also supports: Active Server Pages (ASP), which provides a server-side scripting environment to create and run dynamic, interactive Web server applications. NTLM, which is a challenge and response authentication protocol compatible with Microsoft LAN Manager. Schannel, which is a protocol for authentication and encryption using SSL 2, SSL 3, and Transport Layer Security (TLS/SSL 3.1) public key-based protocols. Web Administration ISAPI Extensions, which provides remote device configuration, device browsing, file uploading and downloading, and registry editing.
WPA	An implementation based on a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. This framework, together with Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) and the Message Integrity Check (MIC) algorithm Michael, provides enhanced security for wireless networks.
Windows Networking API/Redirector (SMB/CIFS)	Manages network connections and accesses remote file systems and printers.
Windows Sockets	Supports multiple protocol stacks. Winsock 2.2 provides enhanced capabilities over Winsock 1.1, including installable service providers for additional third-party protocols, as well as Media sense. Winsock 2.2 is available in both headless and display-based devices.

Communication Services and Networking

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