Share via


Clicks and Ejectives

This is a listing and cross reference of the click and ejective phones that are used by the three phonetic alphabets that System.Speech supports. See Phonetic Alphabet Reference.

The table columns contain the following information:

  • UPS. The phone label specified in Microsoft’s Universal Phone Set (UPS).

  • IPA. The phone label specified in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) phone set.

  • Unicode. The Unicode value from the IPA phone set.

  • SAPI ID. The Speech API (SAPI) phone ID, which in most cases is the Unicode value.

  • IPA Description. This column describes the features of the phone, such as place of articulation, manner of articulation, phonation type, and airstream mechanism. See the Glossary of Phonetic Terms for more information about the features of phones.

  • X-SAMPA. The equivalent phone in X-SAMPA for reference.

Click and Ejective Phones

IPA uses a diacritic to describe ejectives, but has specific phones for clicks and implosives. Even though this seems a little inconsistent, the UPS follows IPA directly here in order to maintain consistency between SAPI phone Ids and the IPA Unicode values.

Clicks and ejectives are voiceless consonants, although implosives may be partially voiced.

UPS

IPA

Unicode

SAPI ID

IPA Description

X-SAMPA

PCK

ʘ

U+0298

0298

blb,clk

O\

TCK

ǀ

U+01C0

01C0

dnt,clk

|\

NCK

!

U+0021

0021

alv,clk

!\

CCK

ǂ

U+01C2

01C2

pla,clk

=\

LCK

ǁ

U+01C1

01C1

alv,lat,clk

|\|\

BIM

ɓ

U+0253

0253

blb,imp,vcd

b_<

DIM

ɗ

U+0257

0257

dnt-alv,imp,vcd

d_<

QIM

ʛ

U+029B

029B

uvl,imp,vcd

QIM vls

ʠ

U+02A0

029B 030A

uvl,imp,vls

GIM

ɠ

U+0260

0260

vel,imp,vcd

g_<

JIM

ʄ

U+0284

0284

pal,imp,vcd

P ejc

0070 02BC

0070 02BC

blb,ej

b_>

T ejc

0074 02BC

0074 02BC

dnt-alv, ej

t_>

K ejc

006B 02BC

006B 02BC

vel ej

g_>

S ejc

0073 02BC

0073 02BC

alv fric ej

s_>

QT ejc

0071 02BC

0071 02BC

uvl,ej