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keepalive message: A protocol message that is sent between a protocol client and a protocol server to help ensure that a connection is considered active by all endpoints (5). Inactive connections are considered idle and are likely to be closed by either endpoint (5) to conserve resources.

Kerberos: (1) An authentication (2) system that enables two parties to exchange private information across an otherwise open network by assigning a unique key (called a ticket) to each user that logs on to the network and then embedding these tickets into messages sent by the users. For more information, see [MS-KILE].

(2) An authentication system that enables two parties to exchange private information across an otherwise open network by assigning a unique key (called a ticket) to each user that logs on to the network and then embedding these tickets into messages sent by the users. For more information, see [MS-KILE].

(3) An authentication access type as defined by [RFC1964].

Kerberos principal: A unique individual account known to the Key Distribution Center (KDC). Often a user, but it can be a service offering a resource on the network.

key: (1) In the registry, a node in the logical tree of the data store.

(2) In cryptography, a generic term used to refer to cryptographic data that is used to initialize a cryptographic algorithm. Keys are also sometimes referred to as keying material.

(3) A 256-bit unsigned integer used internally by MC-DRT to identify a resource.

Key Distribution Center (KDC): The Kerberos service that implements the authentication and ticket granting services specified in the Kerberos protocol. The service runs on computers selected by the administrator of the realm or domain; it is not present on every machine on the network. It must have access to an account database for the realm that it serves. Windows KDCs are integrated into the domain controller role of a Windows Server acting as a Domain Controller. It is a network service that supplies tickets to clients for use in authenticating to services.

key performance indicator (KPI): A predefined measure that is used to track performance against a strategic goal, objective, plan, initiative, or business process. A visual cue is frequently used to communicate performance against the measure.

keying material: The data from which the main mode (MM) and quick mode (QM)security association (SA)authentication and encryptionkeys are generated.

KeyTip: A small, pop-up window that appears over commands on the ribbon when users press the ALT key. By pressing the key that is displayed in a KeyTip, users can execute the command that is associated with the KeyTip.

keyword: One or more words or phrases that site administrators identified as important for a search service application. A keyword provides a way to apply business rules to search results for queries that use the keyword.

keyword consumer: A site collection that uses a specific set of keywords, synonyms, and best bets.

keyword synonym: An alternate phrasing of a specific keyword. When users search for a keyword synonym, the search results include the same best bet results as for the keyword.

Knowledge Consistency Checker (KCC): An internal Windows component of the Active Directory replication that is used to create spanning trees for domain controller to domain controller replication and to translate those trees into settings of variables that implement the replication topology.