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Walkthrough: Using a Shortcut Key with an Editor Extension

You can respond to shortcut keys in your editor extension. The following walkthrough shows how to add a view adornment to a text view by using a shortcut key. This walkthrough is based on the viewport adornment editor template, and it allows you to add the adornment by using the + character.

Prerequisites

To complete this walkthrough, you must install the Visual Studio 2012 SDK.

Note

For more information about the Visual Studio SDK, see Extending Visual Studio Overview. To find out how to download the Visual Studio SDK, see Visual Studio Extensibility Developer Center on the MSDN Web site.

Creating a Managed Extensibility Framework (MEF) Project

To create a MEF project

  1. Create an Editor Viewport Adornment project. Name the solution KeyBindingTest.

  2. Open the source.extension.vsixmanifest file in the VSIX Manifest Editor.

  3. Make sure that the Assets section contains a Microsoft.VisualStudio.MefComponent content type, Source is set to Project, and Path is set to KeyBindingTest.

  4. Save and close Source.extension.vsixmanifest.

  5. Add the following references and set CopyLocal to false:

    Microsoft.VisualStudio.Editor

    Microsoft.VisualStudio.OLE.Interop

    Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell

    Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextManager.Interop

  6. Delete the KeyBindingTestFactory class file.

In the KeyBindingTest class file, change the class name to PurpleCornerBox. Change the constructor as well. Inside the constructor, change the line:

_adornmentLayer = view.GetAdornmentLayer("KeyBindingTest")
_adornmentLayer = view.GetAdornmentLayer("KeyBindingTest");

to

_adornmentLayer = view.GetAdornmentLayer("PurpleCornerBox")
_adornmentLayer = view.GetAdornmentLayer("PurpleCornerBox");

Defining the Command Filter

The command filter is an implementation of IOleCommandTarget, which handles the command by instantiating the adornment.

To define the command filter

  1. Add a class file and name it KeyBindingCommandFilter.

  2. Add the following using statements.

    Imports System
    Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
    Imports Microsoft.VisualStudio.OLE.Interop
    Imports Microsoft.VisualStudio
    Imports Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor
    
    using System;
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio.OLE.Interop;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor;
    
  3. The class named KeyBindingCommandFilter should inherit from IOleCommandTarget.

    Friend Class KeyBindingCommandFilter
        Implements IOleCommandTarget
    
    internal class KeyBindingCommandFilter : IOleCommandTarget
    
  4. Add private fields for the text view, the next command in the command chain, and a flag to represent whether the command filter has already been added.

    Private m_textView As IWpfTextView
    Friend m_nextTarget As IOleCommandTarget
    Friend m_added As Boolean 
    Friend m_adorned As Boolean
    
    private IWpfTextView m_textView;
    internal IOleCommandTarget m_nextTarget;
    internal bool m_added;
    internal bool m_adorned;
    
  5. Add a constructor that sets the text view.

    Public Sub New(ByVal textView As IWpfTextView)
        m_textView = textView
        m_adorned = False 
    End Sub
    
    public KeyBindingCommandFilter(IWpfTextView textView)
    {
        m_textView = textView;
        m_adorned = false;
    }
    
  6. Implement the QueryStatus() method as follows.

    Private Function QueryStatus(ByRef pguidCmdGroup As Guid, ByVal cCmds As UInteger, ByVal prgCmds() As OLECMD, ByVal pCmdText As IntPtr) As Integer Implements IOleCommandTarget.QueryStatus
        Return m_nextTarget.QueryStatus(pguidCmdGroup, cCmds, prgCmds, pCmdText)
    End Function
    
    int IOleCommandTarget.QueryStatus(ref Guid pguidCmdGroup, uint cCmds, OLECMD[] prgCmds, IntPtr pCmdText)
    {
        return m_nextTarget.QueryStatus(ref pguidCmdGroup, cCmds, prgCmds, pCmdText);
    }
    
  7. Implement the Exec() method so that it adds a purple box to the view if a + character is typed.

    Private Function Exec(ByRef pguidCmdGroup As Guid, ByVal nCmdID As UInteger, ByVal nCmdexecopt As UInteger, ByVal pvaIn As IntPtr, ByVal pvaOut As IntPtr) As Integer Implements IOleCommandTarget.Exec
        If m_adorned = False Then 
            Dim typedChar As Char = Char.MinValue
    
            If pguidCmdGroup = VSConstants.VSStd2K AndAlso nCmdID = CUInt(VSConstants.VSStd2KCmdID.TYPECHAR) Then
                typedChar = CChar(ChrW(Marshal.GetObjectForNativeVariant(pvaIn)))
                If typedChar.Equals("+"c) Then 
                    Dim TempPurpleCornerBox As PurpleCornerBox = New PurpleCornerBox(m_textView)
                    m_adorned = True 
                End If 
            End If 
        End If 
        Return m_nextTarget.Exec(pguidCmdGroup, nCmdID, nCmdexecopt, pvaIn, pvaOut)
    End Function
    
    int IOleCommandTarget.Exec(ref Guid pguidCmdGroup, uint nCmdID, uint nCmdexecopt, IntPtr pvaIn, IntPtr pvaOut)
    {
        if (m_adorned == false)
        {
            char typedChar = char.MinValue;
    
            if (pguidCmdGroup == VSConstants.VSStd2K && nCmdID == (uint)VSConstants.VSStd2KCmdID.TYPECHAR)
            {
                typedChar = (char)(ushort)Marshal.GetObjectForNativeVariant(pvaIn);
                if (typedChar.Equals('+'))
                {
                    new PurpleCornerBox(m_textView);
                    m_adorned = true;
                }
            }
        }
        return m_nextTarget.Exec(ref pguidCmdGroup, nCmdID, nCmdexecopt, pvaIn, pvaOut);
    }
    

Adding the Command Filter Provider

The adornment provider must add a command filter to the text view. In this example, the provider implements IVsTextViewCreationListener to listen to text view creation events. This adornment provider also exports the adornment layer, which defines the Z-order of the adornment.

To add the command filter provider

  1. Add a class file and name it KeyBindingFilterProvider.

  2. Add the following using statements.

    Imports System
    Imports System.Collections.Generic
    Imports System.ComponentModel.Composition
    Imports Microsoft.VisualStudio
    Imports Microsoft.VisualStudio.OLE.Interop
    Imports Microsoft.VisualStudio.Utilities
    Imports Microsoft.VisualStudio.Editor
    Imports Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor
    Imports Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextManager.Interop
    
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel.Composition;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio.OLE.Interop;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Utilities;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Editor;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextManager.Interop;
    
  3. Add a class named KeyBindingFilterProvider that inherits from IVsTextViewCreationListener, and export it with a content type of "text" and a TextViewRoleAttribute of Editable.

    <Export(GetType(IVsTextViewCreationListener)), ContentType("text"), TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Editable)>
    Friend Class KeyBindingCommandFilterProvider
        Implements IVsTextViewCreationListener
    
    [Export(typeof(IVsTextViewCreationListener))]
    [ContentType("text")]
    [TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Editable)]
    internal class KeyBindingCommandFilterProvider : IVsTextViewCreationListener
    
  4. Add the adornment layer definition.

    <Export(GetType(AdornmentLayerDefinition)), Name("PurpleCornerBox"), Order(), TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Editable)>
    Friend keybindingAdornmentLayer As AdornmentLayerDefinition
    
    [Export(typeof(AdornmentLayerDefinition))]
    [Name("PurpleCornerBox")]
    [Order()]
    [TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Editable)]
    internal AdornmentLayerDefinition keybindingAdornmentLayer;
    
  5. To get the text view adapter, you must import the IVsEditorAdaptersFactoryService.

    <Import(GetType(IVsEditorAdaptersFactoryService))>
    Friend editorFactory As IVsEditorAdaptersFactoryService = Nothing
    
    [Import(typeof(IVsEditorAdaptersFactoryService))]
    internal IVsEditorAdaptersFactoryService editorFactory = null;
    
  6. Implement the VsTextViewCreated method so that it adds the KeyBindingCommandFilter.

    Public Sub VsTextViewCreated(ByVal textViewAdapter As IVsTextView) Implements IVsTextViewCreationListener.VsTextViewCreated
        Dim textView As IWpfTextView = editorFactory.GetWpfTextView(textViewAdapter)
        If textView Is Nothing Then 
            Return 
        End If
    
        AddCommandFilter(textViewAdapter, New KeyBindingCommandFilter(textView))
    End Sub
    
    public void VsTextViewCreated(IVsTextView textViewAdapter)
    {
        IWpfTextView textView = editorFactory.GetWpfTextView(textViewAdapter);
        if (textView == null)
            return;
    
        AddCommandFilter(textViewAdapter, new KeyBindingCommandFilter(textView));
    }
    
  7. The AddCommandFilter handler gets the text view adapter and adds the command filter.

    Private Sub AddCommandFilter(ByVal viewAdapter As IVsTextView, ByVal commandFilter As KeyBindingCommandFilter)
        If commandFilter.m_added = False Then 
            'get the view adapter from the editor factory 
            Dim [next] As IOleCommandTarget
            Dim hr As Integer = viewAdapter.AddCommandFilter(commandFilter, [next])
    
            If hr = VSConstants.S_OK Then
                commandFilter.m_added = True 
                'you'll need the next target for Exec and QueryStatus 
                If [next] IsNot Nothing Then
                    commandFilter.m_nextTarget = [next]
                End If 
            End If 
        End If 
    End Sub
    
    void AddCommandFilter(IVsTextView viewAdapter, KeyBindingCommandFilter commandFilter)
    {
        if (commandFilter.m_added == false)
        {
            //get the view adapter from the editor factory
            IOleCommandTarget next;
            int hr = viewAdapter.AddCommandFilter(commandFilter, out next);
    
            if (hr == VSConstants.S_OK)
            {
                commandFilter.m_added = true;
                //you'll need the next target for Exec and QueryStatus 
                if (next != null)
                    commandFilter.m_nextTarget = next;
            }
        }
    }
    

Building and Testing the Code

To test this code, build the KeyBindingTest solution and run it in the experimental instance.

To build and test the KeyBindingTest solution

  1. Build the solution.

  2. When you run this project in the debugger, a second instance of Visual Studio is instantiated.

  3. Create or open a text file, and then click anywhere in the text view.

  4. Type +.

    Resize the text view.

    A purple square should appear in the upper right corner of the text view.

See Also

Tasks

Walkthrough: Linking a Content Type to a File Name Extension