Binding Class

Definition

Contains the binding elements that specify the protocols, transports, and message encoders used for communication between clients and services.

public ref class Binding abstract : System::ServiceModel::IDefaultCommunicationTimeouts
public abstract class Binding : System.ServiceModel.IDefaultCommunicationTimeouts
type Binding = class
    interface IDefaultCommunicationTimeouts
Public MustInherit Class Binding
Implements IDefaultCommunicationTimeouts
Inheritance
Binding
Derived
Implements

Examples

BasicHttpBinding binding = new BasicHttpBinding();

binding.Name = "binding1";

Uri baseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:8000/servicemodelsamples/service");
Uri address = new Uri("http://localhost:8000/servicemodelsamples/service/calc");

// Create a ServiceHost for the CalculatorService type and provide the base address.
using (ServiceHost serviceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculatorService), baseAddress))
{
    serviceHost.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculator), binding, address);

    // Open the ServiceHostBase to create listeners and start listening for messages.
    serviceHost.Open();

    // The service can now be accessed.
    Console.WriteLine("The service is ready.");
    Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate service.");
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.ReadLine();
    // Close the ServiceHostBase to shutdown the service.
    serviceHost.Close();
}

Remarks

Represents a collection of binding elements, each of which describes an aspect of how an endpoint communicates with other endpoints and that are built, consistently, into a channel factory on the client and into a channel listener on the service. A binding contains a collection of binding elements that correspond to protocol channels, transport channels, and message encoders. There can be any number of binding elements for protocol channels but one and only one binding element for each the transport and message encoder. There are commonly six layers of binding elements in a binding. Only the transport and encoding binding elements at the bottom of the stack are required. Because an encoding is required for each binding, if an encoding is not specified, Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) adds a default encoding for you. The default is Text/XML for the HTTP and HTTPS transports, and Binary for other transports.

The following table summarizes the options for each layer.

Layer Options Required
Transaction Flow TransactionFlowBindingElement No
Reliability ReliableSessionBindingElement No
Security Symmetric, Asymmetric, Transport-Level No
Shape Change CompositeDuplexBindingElement No
Transport Upgrades SSL stream, Windows stream, Peer Resolver No
Encoding Text, Binary, MTOM, Custom Yes
Transport TCP, Named Pipes, HTTP, HTTPS, MSMQ, Custom Yes

Each binding element provides the specification for building a channel factory on the client and a channel listener on the service. When the channel factory stack is constructed, for example, there is one channel factory in the stack for each binding element in the binding. The same sort of mapping applies to the channel listeners in the stack on the service. Consistency on the client and service is critical for establishing the channel-based connection between these endpoints. Each factory and listener, in turn, processes the sending and accepting of the corresponding channels in the channel stack that connects them, and these channels can then send and receive the messages used to communicate.

Each instance of a Binding has a Name and Namespace that together uniquely identify it in the metadata of the service. If no name or namespace is specified, WCF adds a default values for you. The default name is null and the default namespace is http://tempuri.org/. This user name for the binding is distinct from the specification of the protocol name, which is specified by the Scheme property. If you want to add more HTTP bindings, for example, you can name them whatever you want and set all of their schemes to "http". There is no inherent application or machine dispatch based on the Scheme. So you avoid the common problem of being unable to register additional handlers for well-known protocols. You can also easily work with multiple versions of a binding side-by-side by giving each version a different name.

The Binding class implements the IDefaultCommunicationTimeouts interface to mitigate Denial of Service (DOS) attacks that rely on tying up resources for extended intervals of time. The implementation specifies the communication timeouts values for opening and closing connections and for the reading and writing operations associated with receiving and sending messages. The properties used to get and set these timeouts and their default values operations are summarized in the following table.

Timeout Property Default Value
OpenTimeout 1 minute
CloseTimeout 1 minute
SendTimeout 1 minute
ReceiveTimeout 10 minutes

When you create a binding by inheriting from Binding, you must override CreateBindingElements.

In addition, you can define your own binding elements and insert them between any of the defined layers in the preceding table. For more information, see the CustomBinding class.

Constructors

Binding()

Initializes a new instance of the Binding class with a default name and namespace.

Binding(String, String)

Initializes a new instance of the Binding class from a specified binding of the service.

Properties

CloseTimeout

Gets or sets the interval of time provided for a connection to close before the transport raises an exception.

MessageVersion

Gets the message version used by clients and services configured with the binding.

Name

Gets or sets the name of the binding.

Namespace

Gets or sets the XML namespace of the binding.

OpenTimeout

Gets or sets the interval of time provided for a connection to open before the transport raises an exception.

ReceiveTimeout

Gets or sets the interval of time that a connection can remain inactive, during which no application messages are received, before it is dropped.

Scheme

When implemented in a derived class, sets the URI scheme that specifies the transport used by the channel and listener factories that are built by the bindings.

SendTimeout

Gets or sets the interval of time provided for a write operation to complete before the transport raises an exception.

Methods

BuildChannelFactory<TChannel>(BindingParameterCollection)

Builds the channel factory stack on the client that creates a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified by a collection of binding parameters.

BuildChannelFactory<TChannel>(Object[])

Builds the channel factory stack on the client that creates a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified by an object array.

BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(BindingParameterCollection)

Builds the channel listener on the service that accepts a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified by a collection of binding parameters.

BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(Object[])

Builds the channel listener on the service that accepts a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified.

BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(Uri, BindingParameterCollection)

Builds the channel listener on the service that accepts a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified.

BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(Uri, Object[])

Builds the channel listener on the service that accepts a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified.

BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(Uri, String, BindingParameterCollection)

Builds the channel listener on the service that accepts a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified.

BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(Uri, String, ListenUriMode, BindingParameterCollection)

Builds the channel listener on the service that accepts a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified.

BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(Uri, String, ListenUriMode, Object[])

Builds the channel listener on the service that accepts a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified.

BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(Uri, String, Object[])

Builds the channel listener on the service that accepts a specified type of channel and that satisfies the features specified.

CanBuildChannelFactory<TChannel>(BindingParameterCollection)

Returns a value that indicates whether the current binding can build a channel factory stack on the client that satisfies the collection of binding parameters specified.

CanBuildChannelFactory<TChannel>(Object[])

Returns a value that indicates whether the current binding can build a channel factory stack on the client that satisfies the requirements specified by an object array.

CanBuildChannelListener<TChannel>(BindingParameterCollection)

Returns a value that indicates whether the current binding can build a channel listener stack on the service that satisfies the collection of binding parameters specified.

CanBuildChannelListener<TChannel>(Object[])

Returns a value that indicates whether the current binding can build a channel listener stack on the service that satisfies the criteria specified in an array of objects.

CreateBindingElements()

When overridden in a derived class, creates a collection that contains the binding elements that are part of the current binding.

Equals(Object)

Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object.

(Inherited from Object)
GetHashCode()

Serves as the default hash function.

(Inherited from Object)
GetProperty<T>(BindingParameterCollection)

Returns a typed object requested, if present, from the appropriate layer in the binding stack.

GetType()

Gets the Type of the current instance.

(Inherited from Object)
MemberwiseClone()

Creates a shallow copy of the current Object.

(Inherited from Object)
ShouldSerializeName()

Returns whether the name of the binding should be serialized.

ShouldSerializeNamespace()

Returns whether the namespace of the binding should be serialized.

ToString()

Returns a string that represents the current object.

(Inherited from Object)

Applies to