Queryable.GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TResult> Method (IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource, TKey>>, Expression<Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TSource>, TResult>>)

.NET Framework (current version)

Note
The .NET API Reference documentation has a new home. Visit the .NET API Browser on docs.microsoft.com to see the new experience.

Groups the elements of a sequence according to a specified key selector function and creates a result value from each group and its key.

Namespace: System.Linq
Assembly: System.Core (in System.Core.dll)

Syntax

C++

public static IQueryable<TResult> GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TResult>(
	this IQueryable<TSource> source,
	Expression<Func<TSource, TKey>> keySelector,
	Expression<Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TSource>, TResult>> resultSelector
)

Parameters

source: Type: System.Linq.IQueryable<TSource>
An IQueryable<T> whose elements to group.

keySelector: Type: System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Func<TSource, TKey>>
A function to extract the key for each element.

resultSelector: Type: System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TSource>, TResult>>
A function to create a result value from each group.

Return Value

Type: System.Linq.IQueryable<TResult>

An T:System.Linq.IQueryable`1 that has a type argument of TResult and where each element represents a projection over a group and its key.

Type Parameters

TSource: The type of the elements of source.

TKey: The type of the key returned by the function represented in keySelector.

TResult: The type of the result value returned by resultSelector.

Exceptions

Exception	Condition
ArgumentNullException	source or keySelector or resultSelector is null.

This method has at least one parameter of type Expression<TDelegate> whose type argument is one of the Func<T, TResult> types. For these parameters, you can pass in a lambda expression and it will be compiled to an Expression<TDelegate>.

The GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TResult>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource, TKey>>, Expression<Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TSource>, TResult>>) method generates a MethodCallExpression that represents calling GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TResult>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource, TKey>>, Expression<Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TSource>, TResult>>) itself as a constructed generic method. It then passes the MethodCallExpression to the CreateQuery<TElement>(Expression) method of the IQueryProvider represented by the Provider property of the source parameter.

The query behavior that occurs as a result of executing an expression tree that represents calling GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TResult>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource, TKey>>, Expression<Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TSource>, TResult>>) depends on the implementation of the type of the source parameter. The expected behavior is that it groups the elements of source by a key value that is obtained by invoking keySelector on each element. The resultSelector parameter is used to obtain a result value from each group and its key.

Examples

The following code example demonstrates how to use GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TResult>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource, TKey>>, Expression<Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TSource>, TResult>>) to group the elements of a sequence and project a sequence of results of type TResult.

class Pet
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public double Age { get; set; }
}

public static void GroupByEx3()
{
    // Create a list of pets.
    List<Pet> petsList =
        new List<Pet>{ new Pet { Name="Barley", Age=8.3 },
                       new Pet { Name="Boots", Age=4.9 },
                       new Pet { Name="Whiskers", Age=1.5 },
                       new Pet { Name="Daisy", Age=4.3 } };

    // Group Pet objects by the Math.Floor of their age.
    // Then project an anonymous type from each group
    // that consists of the key, the count of the group's
    // elements, and the minimum and maximum age in the group.
    var query = petsList.AsQueryable().GroupBy(
        pet => Math.Floor(pet.Age),
        (age, pets) => new
        {
            Key = age,
            Count = pets.Count(),
            Min = pets.Min(pet => pet.Age),
            Max = pets.Max(pet => pet.Age)
        });

    // Iterate over each anonymous type.
    foreach (var result in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("\nAge group: " + result.Key);
        Console.WriteLine("Number of pets in this age group: " + result.Count);
        Console.WriteLine("Minimum age: " + result.Min);
        Console.WriteLine("Maximum age: " + result.Max);
    }

    /*  This code produces the following output:

        Age group: 8
        Number of pets in this age group: 1
        Minimum age: 8.3
        Maximum age: 8.3

        Age group: 4
        Number of pets in this age group: 2
        Minimum age: 4.3
        Maximum age: 4.9

        Age group: 1
        Number of pets in this age group: 1
        Minimum age: 1.5
        Maximum age: 1.5
    */
}

Version Information

Universal Windows Platform
Available since 8
.NET Framework
Available since 3.5
Portable Class Library
Supported in: portable .NET platforms
Silverlight
Available since 2.0
Windows Phone Silverlight
Available since 7.1
Windows Phone
Available since 8.1