提供一个线程池,该线程池可用于发送工作项、处理异步 I/O、代表其他线程等待以及处理计时器。
命名空间:System.Threading
程序集:mscorlib(在 mscorlib.dll 中)
Public NotInheritable Class ThreadPool
public static class ThreadPool
public ref class ThreadPool abstract sealed
public final class ThreadPool
public final class ThreadPool
许多应用程序创建的线程都要在休眠状态中消耗大量时间,以等待事件发生。其他线程可能进入休眠状态,只被定期唤醒以轮询更改或更新状态信息。线程池通过为应用程序提供一个由系统管理的辅助线程池使您可以更为有效地使用线程。一个线程监视排到线程池的若干个等待操作的状态。当一个等待操作完成时,线程池中的一个辅助线程就会执行对应的回调函数。
注意 |
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| 托管线程池中的线程为后台线程,即它们的 IsBackground 属性为 true。这意味着在所有的前台线程都已退出后,ThreadPool 线程不会让应用程序保持运行。 |
也可以将与等待操作不相关的工作项排列到线程池。若要请求由线程池中的一个线程来处理工作项,请调用 QueueUserWorkItem 方法。此方法将对将被从线程池中选定的线程调用的方法或委托的引用用作参数。一个工作项排入队列后就无法再取消它。
计时器队列中的计时器以及已注册的等待操作也使用线程池。它们的回调函数也会排列到线程池。
每个进程都有一个线程池。线程池的默认大小为每个可用处理器有 25 个线程。使用 SetMaxThreads 方法可以更改线程池中的线程数。每个线程使用默认的堆栈大小并按照默认的优先级运行。
注意 |
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| 承载 .NET Framework 的非托管代码可以使用 mscoree.h 文件中定义的 CorSetMaxThreads 函数更改线程池的大小。 |
Imports System
Imports System.Threading
Public Class Example
<MTAThread> _
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Queue the task.
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem( _
New WaitCallback(AddressOf ThreadProc) _
)
' Note that you do not have to create the WaitCallback delegate
' explicitly in Visual Basic. The following line also queues
' the task:
'ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(AddressOf ThreadProc)
Console.WriteLine("Main thread does some work, then sleeps.")
' If you comment out the Sleep, the main thread exits before
' the thread pool task runs. The thread pool uses background
' threads, which do not keep the application running. (This
' is a simple example of a race condition.)
Thread.Sleep(1000)
Console.WriteLine("Main thread exits.")
End Sub
' This thread procedure performs the task.
Shared Sub ThreadProc(stateInfo As Object)
' No state object was passed to QueueUserWorkItem, so
' stateInfo is null.
Console.WriteLine("Hello from the thread pool.")
End Sub
End Class
using System;
using System.Threading;
public class Example {
public static void Main() {
// Queue the task.
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(ThreadProc));
Console.WriteLine("Main thread does some work, then sleeps.");
// If you comment out the Sleep, the main thread exits before
// the thread pool task runs. The thread pool uses background
// threads, which do not keep the application running. (This
// is a simple example of a race condition.)
Thread.Sleep(1000);
Console.WriteLine("Main thread exits.");
}
// This thread procedure performs the task.
static void ThreadProc(Object stateInfo) {
// No state object was passed to QueueUserWorkItem, so
// stateInfo is null.
Console.WriteLine("Hello from the thread pool.");
}
}
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Threading;
ref class Example
{
public:
// This thread procedure performs the task.
static void ThreadProc( Object^ stateInfo )
{
// No state object was passed to QueueUserWorkItem, so
// stateInfo is 0.
Console::WriteLine( "Hello from the thread pool." );
}
};
int main()
{
// Queue the task.
ThreadPool::QueueUserWorkItem( gcnew WaitCallback( Example::ThreadProc ) );
Console::WriteLine( "Main thread does some work, then sleeps." );
// If you comment out the Sleep, the main thread exits before
// the thread pool task runs. The thread pool uses background
// threads, which do not keep the application running. (This
// is a simple example of a race condition.)
Thread::Sleep( 1000 );
Console::WriteLine( "Main thread exits." );
return 0;
}
import System.*;
import System.Threading.*;
import System.Threading.Thread;
public class Example
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Queue the task.
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(ThreadProc));
Console.WriteLine("Main thread does some work, then sleeps.");
// If you comment out the Sleep, the main thread exits before
// the thread pool task runs. The thread pool uses background
// threads, which do not keep the application running. (This
// is a simple example of a race condition.)
Thread.Sleep(1000);
Console.WriteLine("Main thread exits.");
} //main
// This thread procedure performs the task.
static void ThreadProc(Object stateInfo)
{
// No state object was passed to QueueUserWorkItem, so
// stateInfo is null.
Console.WriteLine("Hello from the thread pool.");
} //ThreadProc
} //Example
System.Object
System.Threading.ThreadPool
此类型的任何公共静态(Visual Basic 中的 Shared)成员都是线程安全的,但不保证所有实例成员都是线程安全的。
Windows 98、Windows 2000 SP4、Windows CE、Windows Millennium Edition、Windows Mobile for Pocket PC、Windows Mobile for Smartphone、Windows Server 2003、Windows XP Media Center Edition、Windows XP Professional x64 Edition、Windows XP SP2、Windows XP Starter Edition
.NET Framework 并不是对每个平台的所有版本都提供支持。有关受支持版本的列表,请参见系统要求。
.NET Framework
受以下版本支持:2.0、1.1、1.0
.NET Compact Framework
受以下版本支持:2.0、1.0