Imports System
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim words() As String = _
            { "the", "fox", "jumped", "over", "the", "dog" }
        Dim sentence As New LinkedList(Of String)(words)
        Display(sentence)

        Console.WriteLine("sentence.Contains(""jumped"") = {0}", _
            sentence.Contains("jumped"))

        ' Add the word "today" to the beginning of the linked list.
        ' Remove the new node, and add it to the end of the list.
        sentence.AddFirst("today")
        Display(sentence)

        Dim mark1 As LinkedListNode(Of String) = sentence.First
        sentence.RemoveFirst()
        sentence.AddLast(mark1)
        Display(sentence)

        sentence.RemoveLast()
        sentence.AddLast("yesterday")
        Display(sentence)

        mark1 = sentence.Last
        sentence.RemoveLast()
        sentence.AddFirst(mark1)
        Display(sentence)

        sentence.RemoveFirst()

        Dim current As LinkedListNode(Of String) = _
            sentence.FindLast("the")
        DisplayNode(current)

        sentence.AddAfter(current, "old")
        sentence.AddAfter(current, "lazy")
        DisplayNode(current)

        current = sentence.Find("fox")
        DisplayNode(current)

        sentence.AddBefore(current, "quick")
        sentence.AddBefore(current, "brown")
        DisplayNode(current)

        ' Keep a reference to the current node, "fox", and to the
        ' previous node in the list. Use the Find method to locate
        ' the node containing the value "dog". Show the position.
        mark1 = current
        Dim mark2 As LinkedListNode(Of String) = current.Previous
        current = sentence.Find("dog")
        DisplayNode(current)

        ' The AddBefore method throws an InvalidOperationException
        ' if you try to add a node that already belongs to a list.
        Try
            sentence.AddBefore(current, mark1)
        Catch ex As InvalidOperationException
            Console.WriteLine("Exception message: {0}", ex.Message)
        End Try

        ' Remove the node referred to by mark1, and add it before 
        ' the node referred to by current. Show the sentence, 
        ' highlighting the position of the node referred to by
        ' current.
        sentence.Remove(mark1)
        sentence.AddBefore(current, mark1)
        DisplayNode(current)

        ' Remove the node referred to by current. If you try to show
        ' its position now, the DisplayNode method prints a message.
        ' Add the node after the node referred to by mark2, and 
        ' display the sentence, highlighting current.
        sentence.Remove(current)
        DisplayNode(current)
        sentence.AddAfter(mark2, current)
        DisplayNode(current)

        ' The Remove method finds and removes the first node that 
        ' that has the specified value.
        sentence.Remove("old")
        Display(sentence)

        ' When the linked list is cast to ICollection(Of String),
        ' the Add method adds a node to the end of the list. 
        sentence.RemoveLast()
        Dim icoll As ICollection(Of String) = sentence
        icoll.Add("rhinoceros")
        Display(sentence)

        ' Create an array, specifying a size one less than the size
        ' of the linked list, because Visual Basic allocates one 
        ' more element than you specify.
        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Copy the list to an array.")
        Dim sArray(sentence.Count - 1) As String 
        sentence.CopyTo(sArray, 0)

        For Each s As String In sArray
            Console.WriteLine(s)
        Next

        ' Release all the nodes.
        sentence.Clear()

    End Sub

    Private Shared Sub Display(ByVal words As LinkedList(Of String))
        For Each word As String In words
            Console.Write(word & " ")
        Next
        Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub
    
    Private Shared Sub DisplayNode(ByVal node As LinkedListNode(Of String))
        If node.List Is Nothing Then
            Console.WriteLine("Node ""{0}"" is not in a list.", node.Value)
            Return
        End If

        Dim result As New StringBuilder ("(" & node.Value & ")")
        Dim nodeP As LinkedListNode(Of String) = node.Previous

        While nodeP IsNot Nothing
            result.Insert(0, nodeP.Value & " ")
            nodeP = nodeP.Previous
        End While

        node = node.Next
        While node IsNot Nothing
            result.Append(" " & node.Value)
            node = node.Next
        End While

        Console.WriteLine(result)
    End Sub

End Class

'This code example produces the following output:
'
'the fox jumped over the dog
'sentence.Contains("jumped") = True
'today the fox jumped over the dog
'the fox jumped over the dog today
'the fox jumped over the dog yesterday
'yesterday the fox jumped over the dog
'the fox jumped over (the) dog
'the fox jumped over (the) lazy old dog
'the (fox) jumped over the lazy old dog
'the quick brown (fox) jumped over the lazy old dog
'the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy old (dog)
'Exception message: The LinkedList node belongs a LinkedList.
'the quick brown jumped over the lazy old fox (dog)
'Node "dog" is not in a list.
'the quick brown (dog) jumped over the lazy old fox
'the quick brown dog jumped over the lazy fox
'the quick brown dog jumped over the lazy rhinoceros
'
'Copy the list to an array.
'the
'quick
'brown
'dog
'jumped
'over
'the
'lazy
'rhinoceros

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] words = 
            {"the", "fox", "jumped", "over", "the", "dog"};
        LinkedList<string> sentence = new LinkedList<string>(words);
        Display(sentence);

        Console.WriteLine("sentence.Contains(\"jumped\") = {0}", 
            sentence.Contains("jumped"));

        // Add the word "today" to the beginning of the linked list.
        // Remove the new node, and add it to the end of the list.
        sentence.AddFirst("today");
        Display(sentence);

        LinkedListNode<string> mark1 = sentence.First;
        sentence.RemoveFirst();
        sentence.AddLast(mark1);
        Display(sentence);

        sentence.RemoveLast();
        sentence.AddLast("yesterday");
        Display(sentence);

        mark1 = sentence.Last;
        sentence.RemoveLast();
        sentence.AddFirst(mark1);
        Display(sentence);

        sentence.RemoveFirst();

        LinkedListNode<string> current = sentence.FindLast("the");
        DisplayNode(current);

        sentence.AddAfter(current, "old");
        sentence.AddAfter(current, "lazy");
        DisplayNode(current);

        current = sentence.Find("fox");
        DisplayNode(current);

        sentence.AddBefore(current, "quick");
        sentence.AddBefore(current, "brown");
        DisplayNode(current);

        // Keep a reference to the current node, "fox", and to the
        // previous node in the list. Use the Find method to locate
        // the node containing the value "dog". Show the position.
        mark1 = current;
        LinkedListNode<string> mark2 = current.Previous;
        current = sentence.Find("dog");
        DisplayNode(current);

        // The AddBefore method throws an InvalidOperationException
        // if you try to add a node that already belongs to a list.
        try
        {
            sentence.AddBefore(current, mark1);
        }
        catch(InvalidOperationException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Exception message: {0}", ex.Message);
        }

        // Remove the node referred to by mark1, and add it before 
        // the node referred to by current. Show the sentence, 
        // highlighting the position of the node referred to by
        // current.
        sentence.Remove(mark1);
        sentence.AddBefore(current, mark1);
        DisplayNode(current);

        // Remove the node referred to by current. If you try to show
        // its position now, the DisplayNode method prints a message.
        // Add the node after the node referred to by mark2, and 
        // display the sentence, highlighting current.
        sentence.Remove(current);
        DisplayNode(current);
        sentence.AddAfter(mark2, current);
        DisplayNode(current);

        // The Remove method finds and removes the first node that 
        // that has the specified value.
        sentence.Remove("old");
        Display(sentence);

        // When the linked list is cast to ICollection(Of String),
        // the Add method adds a node to the end of the list. 
        sentence.RemoveLast();
        ICollection<string> icoll = sentence;
        icoll.Add("rhinoceros");
        Display(sentence);

        // Create an array with the same number of elements as the
        // linked list.
        Console.WriteLine("\nCopy the list to an array.");
        string[] sArray = new string[sentence.Count];
        sentence.CopyTo(sArray, 0);

        foreach( string s in sArray )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(s);
        }

        // Release all the nodes.
        sentence.Clear();

    }

    private static void Display(LinkedList<string> words)
    {
        foreach( string word in words )
        {
            Console.Write(word + " ");
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
    
    private static void DisplayNode(LinkedListNode<string> node)
    {
        if (node.List==null)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Node \"{0}\" is not in a list.", 
                node.Value);
            return;
        }

        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder("(" + node.Value + ")");
        LinkedListNode<string> nodeP = node.Previous;

        while (nodeP != null)
        {
            result.Insert(0, nodeP.Value + " ");
            nodeP = nodeP.Previous;
        }

        node = node.Next;
        while (node != null)
        {
            result.Append(" " + node.Value);
            node = node.Next;
        }

        Console.WriteLine(result);
    }
}

//This code example produces the following output:
//
//the fox jumped over the dog
//sentence.Contains("jumped") = True
//today the fox jumped over the dog
//the fox jumped over the dog today
//the fox jumped over the dog yesterday
//yesterday the fox jumped over the dog
//the fox jumped over (the) dog
//the fox jumped over (the) lazy old dog
//the (fox) jumped over the lazy old dog
//the quick brown (fox) jumped over the lazy old dog
//the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy old (dog)
//Exception message: The LinkedList node belongs a LinkedList.
//the quick brown jumped over the lazy old fox (dog)
//Node "dog" is not in a list.
//the quick brown (dog) jumped over the lazy old fox
//the quick brown dog jumped over the lazy fox
//the quick brown dog jumped over the lazy rhinoceros
//
//Copy the list to an array.
//the
//quick
//brown
//dog
//jumped
//over
//the
//lazy
//rhinoceros

#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

void Display(LinkedList<String^>^ words)
{
    for each( String^ word in words )
    {
        Console::Write(word + " ");
    }
    Console::WriteLine();
};
    
void DisplayNode(LinkedListNode<String^>^ node)
{
    if (node->List == nullptr)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Node \"{0}\" is not in a list.", 
            node->Value);
        return;
    }

    StringBuilder^ result = gcnew StringBuilder("(" + node->Value + ")");
    LinkedListNode<String^>^ nodeP = node->Previous;

    while (nodeP != nullptr)
    {
        result->Insert(0, nodeP->Value + " ");
        nodeP = nodeP->Previous;
    }

    node = node->Next;
    while (node != nullptr)
    {
        result->Append(" " + node->Value);
        node = node->Next;
    }

    Console::WriteLine(result);
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ words = 
        {"the", "fox", "jumped", "over", "the", "dog"};
    LinkedList<String^>^ sentence = 
        gcnew LinkedList<String^>((IEnumerable<String^>^) words);
    Display(sentence);

    Console::WriteLine("sentence->Contains(\"jumped\") = {0}", 
        sentence->Contains("jumped"));

    // Add the word "today" to the beginning of the linked list.
    // Remove the new node, and add it to the end of the list.
    sentence->AddFirst("today");
    Display(sentence);

    LinkedListNode<String^>^ mark1 = sentence->First;
    sentence->RemoveFirst();
    sentence->AddLast(mark1);
    Display(sentence);

    sentence->RemoveLast();
    sentence->AddLast("yesterday");
    Display(sentence);

    mark1 = sentence->Last;
    sentence->RemoveLast();
    sentence->AddFirst(mark1);
    Display(sentence);

    sentence->RemoveFirst();

    LinkedListNode<String^>^ current = sentence->FindLast("the");
    DisplayNode(current);

    sentence->AddAfter(current, "old");
    sentence->AddAfter(current, "lazy");
    DisplayNode(current);

    current = sentence->Find("fox");
    DisplayNode(current);

    sentence->AddBefore(current, "quick");
    sentence->AddBefore(current, "brown");
    DisplayNode(current);

    // Keep a reference to the current node, "fox", and to the
    // previous node in the list. Use the Find method to locate
    // the node containing the value "dog". Show the position.
    mark1 = current;
    LinkedListNode<String^>^ mark2 = current->Previous;
    current = sentence->Find("dog");
    DisplayNode(current);

    // The AddBefore method throws an InvalidOperationException
    // if you try to add a node that already belongs to a list.
    try
    {
        sentence->AddBefore(current, mark1);
    }
    catch(InvalidOperationException^ ex)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Exception message: {0}", ex->Message);
    }

    // Remove the node referred to by mark1, and add it before 
    // the node referred to by current. Show the sentence, 
    // highlighting the position of the node referred to by
    // current.
    sentence->Remove(mark1);
    sentence->AddBefore(current, mark1);
    DisplayNode(current);

    // Remove the node referred to by current. If you try to show
    // its position now, the DisplayNode method prints a message.
    // Add the node after the node referred to by mark2, and 
    // display the sentence, highlighting current.
    sentence->Remove(current);
    DisplayNode(current);
    sentence->AddAfter(mark2, current);
    DisplayNode(current);

    // The Remove method finds and removes the first node that 
    // that has the specified value.
    sentence->Remove("old");
    Display(sentence);

    // When the linked list is cast to ICollection(Of String),
    // the Add method adds a node to the end of the list. 
    sentence->RemoveLast();
    ICollection<String^>^ icoll = sentence;
    icoll->Add("rhinoceros");
    Display(sentence);

    // Create an array with the same number of elements as the
    // linked list.
    Console::WriteLine("\nCopy the list to an array.");
    array<String^>^ sArray = gcnew array<String^>(sentence->Count);
    sentence->CopyTo(sArray, 0);

    for each( String^ s in sArray )
    {
        Console::WriteLine(s);
    }

    // Release all the nodes.
    sentence->Clear();
}

//This code example produces the following output:
//
//the fox jumped over the dog
//sentence->Contains("jumped") = True
//today the fox jumped over the dog
//the fox jumped over the dog today
//the fox jumped over the dog yesterday
//yesterday the fox jumped over the dog
//the fox jumped over (the) dog
//the fox jumped over (the) lazy old dog
//the (fox) jumped over the lazy old dog
//the quick brown (fox) jumped over the lazy old dog
//the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy old (dog)
//Exception message: The LinkedList node belongs a LinkedList.
//the quick brown jumped over the lazy old fox (dog)
//Node "dog" is not in a list.
//the quick brown (dog) jumped over the lazy old fox
//the quick brown dog jumped over the lazy fox
//the quick brown dog jumped over the lazy rhinoceros
//
//Copy the list to an array.
//the
//quick
//brown
//dog
//jumped
//over
//the
//lazy
//rhinoceros