
示例
下面的代码示例演示为封装非托管资源的类实现 Dispose 方法的建议设计模式。
资源类通常是从复杂的本机类或 API 派生的,而且必须进行相应的自定义。使用这一代码模式作为创建资源类的一个起始点,并根据封装的资源提供必要的自定义。
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Imports System
Imports System.IO
Class Program
Public Shared Sub Main()
Try
' Initialize a Stream resource to pass
' to the DisposableResource class.
Console.Write("Enter filename and its path: ")
Dim fileSpec As String = Console.ReadLine
Dim fs As FileStream = File.OpenRead(fileSpec)
Dim TestObj As DisposableResource = New DisposableResource(fs)
' Use the resource.
TestObj.DoSomethingWithResource()
' Dispose theresource.
TestObj.Dispose()
Catch e As FileNotFoundException
Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
End Try
End Sub
End Class
' This class shows how to use a disposable resource.
' The resource is first initialized and passed to
' the constructor, but it could also be
' initialized in the constructor.
' The lifetime of the resource does not
' exceed the lifetime of this instance.
' This type does not need a finalizer because it does not
' directly create a native resource like a file handle
' or memory in the unmanaged heap.
Public Class DisposableResource
Implements IDisposable
Private _resource As Stream
Private _disposed As Boolean
' The stream passed to the constructor
' must be readable and not null.
Public Sub New(ByVal stream As Stream)
MyBase.New()
If (stream Is Nothing) Then
Throw New ArgumentNullException("Stream is null.")
End If
If Not stream.CanRead Then
Throw New ArgumentException("Stream must be readable.")
End If
_resource = stream
Dim objTypeName As String = _resource.GetType.ToString
_disposed = False
End Sub
' Demonstrates using the resource.
' It must not be already disposed.
Public Sub DoSomethingWithResource()
If _disposed Then
Throw New ObjectDisposedException("Resource was disposed.")
End If
' Show the number of bytes.
Dim numBytes As Integer = CType(_resource.Length, Integer)
Console.WriteLine("Number of bytes: {0}", numBytes.ToString)
End Sub
Public Overloads Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
Dispose(True)
' Use SupressFinalize in case a subclass
' of this type implements a finalizer.
GC.SuppressFinalize(Me)
End Sub
Protected Overridable Overloads Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
If Not _disposed Then
' If you need thread safety, use a lock around these
' operations, as well as in your methods that use the resource.
If disposing Then
If (Not (_resource) Is Nothing) Then
_resource.Dispose()
End If
Console.WriteLine("Object disposed.")
End If
' Indicates that the instance has been disposed.
_resource = Nothing
_disposed = True
End If
End Sub
End Class
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using System;
using System.IO;
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
try
{
// Initialize a Stream resource to pass
// to the DisposableResource class.
Console.Write("Enter filename and its path: ");
string fileSpec = Console.ReadLine();
FileStream fs = File.OpenRead(fileSpec);
DisposableResource TestObj = new DisposableResource(fs);
// Use the resource.
TestObj.DoSomethingWithResource();
// Dispose the resource.
TestObj.Dispose();
}
catch (FileNotFoundException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
// This class shows how to use a disposable resource.
// The resource is first initialized and passed to
// the constructor, but it could also be
// initialized in the constructor.
// The lifetime of the resource does not
// exceed the lifetime of this instance.
// This type does not need a finalizer because it does not
// directly create a native resource like a file handle
// or memory in the unmanaged heap.
public class DisposableResource : IDisposable
{
private Stream _resource;
private bool _disposed;
// The stream passed to the constructor
// must be readable and not null.
public DisposableResource(Stream stream)
{
if (stream == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("Stream in null.");
if (!stream.CanRead)
throw new ArgumentException("Stream must be readable.");
_resource = stream;
_disposed = false;
}
// Demonstrates using the resource.
// It must not be already disposed.
public void DoSomethingWithResource() {
if (_disposed)
throw new ObjectDisposedException("Resource was disposed.");
// Show the number of bytes.
int numBytes = (int) _resource.Length;
Console.WriteLine("Number of bytes: {0}", numBytes.ToString());
}
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
// Use SupressFinalize in case a subclass
// of this type implements a finalizer.
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
// If you need thread safety, use a lock around these
// operations, as well as in your methods that use the resource.
if (!_disposed)
{
if (disposing) {
if (_resource != null)
_resource.Dispose();
Console.WriteLine("Object disposed.");
}
// Indicate that the instance has been disposed.
_resource = null;
_disposed = true;
}
}
}
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请参见