String.Normalize メソッド (NormalizationForm) (System)

Normalize メソッド (NormalizationForm)

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このページは次のバージョンについて記述しています。

Microsoft Visual Studio 2008/.NET Framework 3.5

その他のバージョンについては、以下の情報を参照してください。

.NET Framework クラスライブラリ

String..::.Normalize メソッド (NormalizationForm)

更新 : 2007 年 11 月

この文字列と同じテキスト値を持ち、なおかつ、バイナリ表現が、指定された Unicode 正規形である新しい文字列を返します。

名前空間 : System
アセンブリ : mscorlib (mscorlib.dll 内)

構文

Visual Basic (宣言)

Public Function Normalize ( _
    normalizationForm As NormalizationForm _
) As String

Visual Basic (使用法)

Dim instance As String
Dim normalizationForm As NormalizationForm
Dim returnValue As String

returnValue = instance.Normalize(normalizationForm)

public string Normalize(
    NormalizationForm normalizationForm
)

Visual C++

public:
String^ Normalize(
    NormalizationForm normalizationForm
)

public String Normalize(
    NormalizationForm normalizationForm
)

JScript

public function Normalize(
    normalizationForm : NormalizationForm
) : String

パラメータ

normalizationForm: 型 : System.Text..::.NormalizationForm
Unicode 正規形。

戻り値

型 : System..::.String
この文字列と同じテキスト値を持ち、なおかつ、バイナリ表現が、normalizationForm で指定された正規形である新しい文字列。

解説

一部の Unicode 文字には、組み合わせ文字や複合文字から成る、複数の等価なバイナリ表現が存在します。同じ文字に対して複数の表現方法が存在すると、検索、並べ替え、比較などの処理が複雑になります。

Unicode Standard では、同等のバイナリ表現が与えられたときに、結果的に同じ文字になるのであれば常に単一のバイナリ表現を返す、正規化と呼ばれるプロセスを定義しています。正規化は、それぞれ異なる規則に基づく複数のアルゴリズム (正規化形式) で実行されます。.NET Framework では、現在、C、D、KC、および KD 形式の正規化をサポートしています。

サポートされる Unicode 正規形の詳細については、「System.Text..::.NormalizationForm」を参照してください。

例

次のコード例では、文字列を 4 つの正規形のいずれかに正規化し、その文字列が指定された正規形に正規化されているかどうかを確認して、正規化された文字列内のコードポイントを列挙しています。

Visual Basic

' This example demonstrates the String.Normalize method
'                       and the String.IsNormalized method
Imports System
Imports System.Text
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic

Class Sample
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      ' Character c; combining characters acute and cedilla; character 3/4
      Dim s1 = New [String](New Char() {ChrW(&H0063), ChrW(&H0301), ChrW(&H0327), ChrW(&H00BE)})
      Dim s2 As String = Nothing
      Dim divider = New [String]("-"c, 80)
      divider = [String].Concat(Environment.NewLine, divider, Environment.NewLine)

      Try
         Show("s1", s1)
         Console.WriteLine()
         Console.WriteLine("U+0063 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C")
         Console.WriteLine("U+0301 = COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT")
         Console.WriteLine("U+0327 = COMBINING CEDILLA")
         Console.WriteLine("U+00BE = VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS")

         Console.WriteLine(divider)

         Console.WriteLine("A1) Is s1 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: {0}", s1.IsNormalized())
         Console.WriteLine("A2) Is s1 normalized to Form C?:  {0}", s1.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormC))
         Console.WriteLine("A3) Is s1 normalized to Form D?:  {0}", s1.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormD))
         Console.WriteLine("A4) Is s1 normalized to Form KC?: {0}", s1.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKC))
         Console.WriteLine("A5) Is s1 normalized to Form KD?: {0}", s1.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKD))

         Console.WriteLine(divider)

         Console.WriteLine("Set string s2 to each normalized form of string s1.")
         Console.WriteLine()
         Console.WriteLine("U+1E09 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA AND ACUTE")
         Console.WriteLine("U+0033 = DIGIT THREE")
         Console.WriteLine("U+2044 = FRACTION SLASH")
         Console.WriteLine("U+0034 = DIGIT FOUR")
         Console.WriteLine(divider)

         s2 = s1.Normalize()
         Console.Write("B1) Is s2 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: ")
         Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized())
         Show("s2", s2)
         Console.WriteLine()

         s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormC)
         Console.Write("B2) Is s2 normalized to Form C?: ")
         Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormC))
         Show("s2", s2)
         Console.WriteLine()

         s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormD)
         Console.Write("B3) Is s2 normalized to Form D?: ")
         Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormD))
         Show("s2", s2)
         Console.WriteLine()

         s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKC)
         Console.Write("B4) Is s2 normalized to Form KC?: ")
         Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKC))
         Show("s2", s2)
         Console.WriteLine()

         s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKD)
         Console.Write("B5) Is s2 normalized to Form KD?: ")
         Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKD))
         Show("s2", s2)
         Console.WriteLine()

      Catch e As Exception
         Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
      End Try
   End Sub 'Main

   Private Shared Sub Show(title As String, s As String)
      Console.Write("Characters in string {0} = ", title)
      Dim x As Char
      For Each x In  s.ToCharArray()
         Console.Write("{0:X4} ", AscW(x))
      Next x
      Console.WriteLine()
   End Sub 'Show
End Class 'Sample
'
'This example produces the following results:
'
'Characters in string s1 = 0063 0301 0327 00BE
'
'U+0063 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C
'U+0301 = COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT
'U+0327 = COMBINING CEDILLA
'U+00BE = VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS
'
'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'
'A1) Is s1 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: False
'A2) Is s1 normalized to Form C?:  False
'A3) Is s1 normalized to Form D?:  False
'A4) Is s1 normalized to Form KC?: False
'A5) Is s1 normalized to Form KD?: False
'
'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'
'Set string s2 to each normalized form of string s1.
'
'U+1E09 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA AND ACUTE
'U+0033 = DIGIT THREE
'U+2044 = FRACTION SLASH
'U+0034 = DIGIT FOUR
'
'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'
'B1) Is s2 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: True
'Characters in string s2 = 1E09 00BE
'
'B2) Is s2 normalized to Form C?: True
'Characters in string s2 = 1E09 00BE
'
'B3) Is s2 normalized to Form D?: True
'Characters in string s2 = 0063 0327 0301 00BE
'
'B4) Is s2 normalized to Form KC?: True
'Characters in string s2 = 1E09 0033 2044 0034
'
'B5) Is s2 normalized to Form KD?: True
'Characters in string s2 = 0063 0327 0301 0033 2044 0034
'

// This example demonstrates the String.Normalize method
//                       and the String.IsNormalized method

using System;
using System.Text;

class Sample 
{
    public static void Main() 
    {
// Character c; combining characters acute and cedilla; character 3/4
    string s1 = new String( new char[] {'\u0063', '\u0301', '\u0327', '\u00BE'});
    string s2 = null;
    string divider = new String('-', 80);
    divider = String.Concat(Environment.NewLine, divider, Environment.NewLine);

    try 
    {
    Show("s1", s1);
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine("U+0063 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C");
    Console.WriteLine("U+0301 = COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT");
    Console.WriteLine("U+0327 = COMBINING CEDILLA");
    Console.WriteLine("U+00BE = VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS");
    Console.WriteLine(divider);

    Console.WriteLine("A1) Is s1 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: {0}", 
                                 s1.IsNormalized());
    Console.WriteLine("A2) Is s1 normalized to Form C?:  {0}", 
                                 s1.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormC));
    Console.WriteLine("A3) Is s1 normalized to Form D?:  {0}", 
                                 s1.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormD));
    Console.WriteLine("A4) Is s1 normalized to Form KC?: {0}", 
                                 s1.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKC));
    Console.WriteLine("A5) Is s1 normalized to Form KD?: {0}", 
                                 s1.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKD));

    Console.WriteLine(divider);

    Console.WriteLine("Set string s2 to each normalized form of string s1.");
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine("U+1E09 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA AND ACUTE");
    Console.WriteLine("U+0033 = DIGIT THREE");
    Console.WriteLine("U+2044 = FRACTION SLASH");
    Console.WriteLine("U+0034 = DIGIT FOUR");
    Console.WriteLine(divider);

    s2 = s1.Normalize();
    Console.Write("B1) Is s2 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: ");
    Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized());
    Show("s2", s2);
    Console.WriteLine();

    s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormC);
    Console.Write("B2) Is s2 normalized to Form C?: ");
    Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormC));
    Show("s2", s2);
    Console.WriteLine();

    s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormD);
    Console.Write("B3) Is s2 normalized to Form D?: ");
    Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormD));
    Show("s2", s2);
    Console.WriteLine();

    s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKC);
    Console.Write("B4) Is s2 normalized to Form KC?: ");
    Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKC));
    Show("s2", s2);
    Console.WriteLine();

    s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKD);
    Console.Write("B5) Is s2 normalized to Form KD?: ");
    Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKD));
    Show("s2", s2);
    Console.WriteLine();
    }

    catch (Exception e) 
        {
        Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
        }
    }

    private static void Show(string title, string s)
    {
    Console.Write("Characters in string {0} = ", title);
    foreach(short x in s.ToCharArray())
        {
        Console.Write("{0:X4} ", x);
        }
    Console.WriteLine();
    }
}
/*
This example produces the following results:

Characters in string s1 = 0063 0301 0327 00BE

U+0063 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C
U+0301 = COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT
U+0327 = COMBINING CEDILLA
U+00BE = VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A1) Is s1 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: False
A2) Is s1 normalized to Form C?:  False
A3) Is s1 normalized to Form D?:  False
A4) Is s1 normalized to Form KC?: False
A5) Is s1 normalized to Form KD?: False

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Set string s2 to each normalized form of string s1.

U+1E09 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA AND ACUTE
U+0033 = DIGIT THREE
U+2044 = FRACTION SLASH
U+0034 = DIGIT FOUR

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

B1) Is s2 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: True
Characters in string s2 = 1E09 00BE

B2) Is s2 normalized to Form C?: True
Characters in string s2 = 1E09 00BE

B3) Is s2 normalized to Form D?: True
Characters in string s2 = 0063 0327 0301 00BE

B4) Is s2 normalized to Form KC?: True
Characters in string s2 = 1E09 0033 2044 0034

B5) Is s2 normalized to Form KD?: True
Characters in string s2 = 0063 0327 0301 0033 2044 0034

*/

Visual C++

// This example demonstrates the String.Normalize method
//                       and the String.IsNormalized method
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Text;
void Show( String^ title, String^ s )
{
   Console::Write( "Characters in string {0} = ", title );
   System::Collections::IEnumerator^ myEnum = s->ToCharArray()->GetEnumerator();
   while ( myEnum->MoveNext() )
   {

      /*) * __try_cast < Char * > ( myEnum -> Current );*/
      int x;
      Console::Write( "{0:X4} ", x );
   }

   Console::WriteLine();
}

int main()
{

   // Character c; combining characters acute and cedilla; character 3/4
   array<Char>^temp0 = {L'c',L'\u0301',L'\u0327',L'\u00BE'};
   String^ s1 = gcnew String( temp0 );
   String^ s2 = nullptr;
   String^ divider = gcnew String( '-',80 );
   divider = String::Concat( Environment::NewLine, divider, Environment::NewLine );
   try
   {
      Show( "s1", s1 );
      Console::WriteLine();
      Console::WriteLine( "U+0063 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C" );
      Console::WriteLine( "U+0301 = COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT" );
      Console::WriteLine( "U+0327 = COMBINING CEDILLA" );
      Console::WriteLine( "U+00BE = VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS" );
      Console::WriteLine( divider );
      Console::WriteLine( "A1) Is s1 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: {0}", s1->IsNormalized() );
      Console::WriteLine( "A2) Is s1 normalized to Form C?:  {0}", s1->IsNormalized( NormalizationForm::FormC ) );
      Console::WriteLine( "A3) Is s1 normalized to Form D?:  {0}", s1->IsNormalized( NormalizationForm::FormD ) );
      Console::WriteLine( "A4) Is s1 normalized to Form KC?: {0}", s1->IsNormalized( NormalizationForm::FormKC ) );
      Console::WriteLine( "A5) Is s1 normalized to Form KD?: {0}", s1->IsNormalized( NormalizationForm::FormKD ) );
      Console::WriteLine( divider );
      Console::WriteLine( "Set string s2 to each normalized form of string s1." );
      Console::WriteLine();
      Console::WriteLine( "U+1E09 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA AND ACUTE" );
      Console::WriteLine( "U+0033 = DIGIT THREE" );
      Console::WriteLine( "U+2044 = FRACTION SLASH" );
      Console::WriteLine( "U+0034 = DIGIT FOUR" );
      Console::WriteLine( divider );
      s2 = s1->Normalize();
      Console::Write( "B1) Is s2 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: " );
      Console::WriteLine( s2->IsNormalized() );
      Show( "s2", s2 );
      Console::WriteLine();
      s2 = s1->Normalize( NormalizationForm::FormC );
      Console::Write( "B2) Is s2 normalized to Form C?: " );
      Console::WriteLine( s2->IsNormalized( NormalizationForm::FormC ) );
      Show( "s2", s2 );
      Console::WriteLine();
      s2 = s1->Normalize( NormalizationForm::FormD );
      Console::Write( "B3) Is s2 normalized to Form D?: " );
      Console::WriteLine( s2->IsNormalized( NormalizationForm::FormD ) );
      Show( "s2", s2 );
      Console::WriteLine();
      s2 = s1->Normalize( NormalizationForm::FormKC );
      Console::Write( "B4) Is s2 normalized to Form KC?: " );
      Console::WriteLine( s2->IsNormalized( NormalizationForm::FormKC ) );
      Show( "s2", s2 );
      Console::WriteLine();
      s2 = s1->Normalize( NormalizationForm::FormKD );
      Console::Write( "B5) Is s2 normalized to Form KD?: " );
      Console::WriteLine( s2->IsNormalized( NormalizationForm::FormKD ) );
      Show( "s2", s2 );
      Console::WriteLine();
   }
   catch ( Exception^ e ) 
   {
      Console::WriteLine( e->Message );
   }

}

/*
This example produces the following results:

Characters in string s1 = 0063 0301 0327 00BE

U+0063 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C
U+0301 = COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT
U+0327 = COMBINING CEDILLA
U+00BE = VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A1) Is s1 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: False
A2) Is s1 normalized to Form C?:  False
A3) Is s1 normalized to Form D?:  False
A4) Is s1 normalized to Form KC?: False
A5) Is s1 normalized to Form KD?: False

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Set string s2 to each normalized form of string s1.

U+1E09 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA AND ACUTE
U+0033 = DIGIT THREE
U+2044 = FRACTION SLASH
U+0034 = DIGIT FOUR

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

B1) Is s2 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: True
Characters in string s2 = 1E09 00BE

B2) Is s2 normalized to Form C?: True
Characters in string s2 = 1E09 00BE

B3) Is s2 normalized to Form D?: True
Characters in string s2 = 0063 0327 0301 00BE

B4) Is s2 normalized to Form KC?: True
Characters in string s2 = 1E09 0033 2044 0034

B5) Is s2 normalized to Form KD?: True
Characters in string s2 = 0063 0327 0301 0033 2044 0034

*/

// This example demonstrates the String.Normalize method
//                       and the String.IsNormalized method
import System.*;
import System.Text.*;

class Sample
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Character c; combining characters acute and cedilla; character 3/4
        String s1 = new String(new char[] { '\u0063', '\u0301', '\u0327', 
            '\u00BE' });
        String s2 = null;
        String divider = new String('-', 80);
        divider = String.Concat(Environment.get_NewLine(), divider, 
            Environment.get_NewLine());

        try {
            Show("s1", s1);
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("U+0063 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C");
            Console.WriteLine("U+0301 = COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT");
            Console.WriteLine("U+0327 = COMBINING CEDILLA");
            Console.WriteLine("U+00BE = VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS");
            Console.WriteLine(divider);

            Console.WriteLine("A1) Is s1 normalized to the default form " 
                + "(Form C)?: {0}", System.Convert.ToString(s1.IsNormalized()));
            Console.WriteLine("A2) Is s1 normalized to Form C?:  {0}", 
                System.Convert.ToString(s1.
                IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormC)));
            Console.WriteLine("A3) Is s1 normalized to Form D?:  {0}", 
                System.Convert.ToString(s1.
                IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormD)));
            Console.WriteLine("A4) Is s1 normalized to Form KC?: {0}", 
                System.Convert.ToString(s1.
                IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKC)));
            Console.WriteLine("A5) Is s1 normalized to Form KD?: {0}", 
                System.Convert.ToString(s1.
                IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKD)));

            Console.WriteLine(divider);

            Console.WriteLine("Set string s2 to each normalized form of " 
                + "string s1.");
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("U+1E09 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA " 
                + "AND ACUTE");
            Console.WriteLine("U+0033 = DIGIT THREE");
            Console.WriteLine("U+2044 = FRACTION SLASH");
            Console.WriteLine("U+0034 = DIGIT FOUR");
            Console.WriteLine(divider);

            s2 = s1.Normalize();
            Console.Write("B1) Is s2 normalized to the default form " 
                + "(Form C)?: ");
            Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized());
            Show("s2", s2);
            Console.WriteLine();

            s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormC);
            Console.Write("B2) Is s2 normalized to Form C?: ");
            Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormC));
            Show("s2", s2);
            Console.WriteLine();

            s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormD);
            Console.Write("B3) Is s2 normalized to Form D?: ");
            Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormD));
            Show("s2", s2);
            Console.WriteLine();

            s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKC);
            Console.Write("B4) Is s2 normalized to Form KC?: ");
            Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKC));
            Show("s2", s2);
            Console.WriteLine();

            s2 = s1.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKD);
            Console.Write("B5) Is s2 normalized to Form KD?: ");
            Console.WriteLine(s2.IsNormalized(NormalizationForm.FormKD));
            Show("s2", s2);
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
        catch (System.Exception e) {
            Console.WriteLine(e.get_Message());
        }
    } //main

    private static void Show(String title, String s)
    {
        Console.Write("Characters in string {0} = ", title);
        char myCharArray[] = s.ToCharArray();
        for (int iCtr = 0; iCtr < myCharArray.length; iCtr++) {
            char c = myCharArray[iCtr];
            Console.Write(((System.Int32)c).ToString("X4") + " ");
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    } //Show
} //Sample
/*
This example produces the following results:

Characters in string s1 = 0063 0301 0327 00BE

U+0063 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C
U+0301 = COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT
U+0327 = COMBINING CEDILLA
U+00BE = VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A1) Is s1 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: False
A2) Is s1 normalized to Form C?:  False
A3) Is s1 normalized to Form D?:  False
A4) Is s1 normalized to Form KC?: False
A5) Is s1 normalized to Form KD?: False

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Set string s2 to each normalized form of string s1.

U+1E09 = LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA AND ACUTE
U+0033 = DIGIT THREE
U+2044 = FRACTION SLASH
U+0034 = DIGIT FOUR

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

B1) Is s2 normalized to the default form (Form C)?: True
Characters in string s2 = 1E09 00BE

B2) Is s2 normalized to Form C?: True
Characters in string s2 = 1E09 00BE

B3) Is s2 normalized to Form D?: True
Characters in string s2 = 0063 0327 0301 00BE

B4) Is s2 normalized to Form KC?: True
Characters in string s2 = 1E09 0033 2044 0034

B5) Is s2 normalized to Form KD?: True
Characters in string s2 = 0063 0327 0301 0033 2044 0034

*/

プラットフォーム

Windows Vista, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP Starter Edition, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2000 SP4, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 98

.NET Framework および .NET Compact Framework では、各プラットフォームのすべてのバージョンはサポートしていません。サポートされているバージョンについては、「.NET Framework システム要件」を参照してください。

バージョン情報

.NET Framework

サポート対象 : 3.5、3.0、2.0

参照

タグ

: タグの追加

コミュニティコンテンツ

新しいコンテンツの追加

注釈

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