Comment : afficher et sélectionner des maillages

Mise à jour : novembre 2007

Vous pouvez créer et afficher un tableau de maillages afin qu'un maillage change de couleur lorsqu'il est choisi (est l'objet d'une pression) sur le périphérique.

Remarque :
Les applications Direct3D mobiles managées requièrent le logiciel Windows Mobile version 5.0 pour les périphériques Pocket PC et Smartphone. Consultez Ressources externes pour le .NET Compact Framework pour plus d'informations sur le logiciel Windows Mobile et les Kits de développement logiciel.

Le formulaire pour cet exemple de code a les objets suivants :

• Un objet Mesh pour le maillage actif.

• Un tableau de neuf objets Mesh de différentes couleurs qui peuvent être choisies.

• Une structure Vector3 qui définit les emplacements de maillage.

• Deux structures Vector3 qui définissent la zone englobante.

• Un objet Device.

Le constructeur du formulaire spécifie des paramètres pour la propriété PresentationParameters du périphérique, crée l'objet Device, ajoute le gestionnaire d'événements OnDeviceReset à l'événement DeviceReset du périphérique, puis appelle la méthode OnDeviceReset pour commencer la création de maillages. Le tableau suivant décrit les méthodes qui restituent les maillages et activent l'interaction utilisateur.

Exemple

L'exemple de code suivant fournit un formulaire complet. Il affiche des objets Mesh de différentes couleurs qui peuvent être choisies. Lorsqu'un maillage est choisi, sa couleur est modifiée.

Imports System
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports Microsoft.WindowsMobile.DirectX
Imports Microsoft.WindowsMobile.DirectX.Direct3D
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic




Class MeshPickingHowto
    Inherits Form
    Private Const numberOfMeshes As Integer = 9
    Private meshes() As Mesh
    Private meshColors() As Color = {Color.Green, Color.Orange, Color.Purple, Color.Pink, Color.Violet, Color.Blue, Color.Yellow, Color.Brown, Color.Aquamarine}

    Private meshLocations() As Vector3
    Private meshBoundingBoxMinValues() As Vector3
    Private meshBoundingBoxMaxValues() As Vector3
    Private activeMesh As Mesh

    Private device As Device


    Public Sub New() 
        Dim present As PresentParameters

        Me.Text = "Mesh Picking"

        ' Enable the form to be closed.
        ' This is required so that Hwnd of the form changes.
        Me.MinimizeBox = False

        present = New PresentParameters()
        present.Windowed = True
        present.AutoDepthStencilFormat = DepthFormat.D16
        present.EnableAutoDepthStencil = True
        present.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard

        device = New Device(0, DeviceType.Default, Me, CreateFlags.None, present)
        AddHandler device.DeviceReset, AddressOf OnDeviceReset
        OnDeviceReset(Nothing, EventArgs.Empty)

    End Sub


    Private Sub OnDeviceReset(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) 
        ' Meshes must be recreated whenever the device
        ' is reset, no matter which pool they are created in.
        meshes = New Mesh(numberOfMeshes) {}
        meshLocations = New Vector3(numberOfMeshes) {}
        meshBoundingBoxMinValues = New Vector3(numberOfMeshes) {}
        meshBoundingBoxMaxValues = New Vector3(numberOfMeshes) {}
        activeMesh = Nothing

        ' Create several meshes and associated data.
        Dim i As Integer
        For i = 0 To numberOfMeshes
            Dim vertexData As GraphicsStream

            meshes(i) = Mesh.Box(device, 1F, 1F, 1F)

            ' Arrange the boxes in a grid, with each
            ' successive box farther in the distance.
            meshLocations(i) = New Vector3((i Mod 3) * 2 - 2, i / 3 * 2 - 2, i)

            ' Compute the bounding box for a mesh.
            Dim description As VertexBufferDescription = meshes(i).VertexBuffer.Description
            vertexData = meshes(i).VertexBuffer.Lock(0, 0, LockFlags.ReadOnly)
            Geometry.ComputeBoundingBox(vertexData, meshes(i).NumberVertices, description.VertexFormat, meshBoundingBoxMinValues(i), meshBoundingBoxMaxValues(i))
            meshes(i).VertexBuffer.Unlock()
        Next i
        ' Set the transformation matrices.
        device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovRH(System.Convert.ToSingle(Math.PI) / 4F, System.Convert.ToSingle(Me.ClientSize.Width) / System.Convert.ToSingle(Me.ClientSize.Height), 0.001F, 40)

        device.Transform.View = Matrix.LookAtRH(New Vector3(0, 2, - 7), New Vector3(0, 0, 0), New Vector3(0, 1, 0))

        device.RenderState.Ambient = Color.White

    End Sub


    Protected Overrides Sub OnPaintBackground(ByVal e As PaintEventArgs) 
        ' Do nothing.
    End Sub

    Protected Overrides Sub OnPaint(ByVal e As PaintEventArgs) 
        Dim material As New Material()

        ' Begin the scene and clear the back buffer to black.
        device.BeginScene()
        device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target Or ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Color.Black, 1F, 0)

        ' Draw each mesh to the screen.
        ' The active mesh is drawn in red.
        Dim i As Integer
        For i = 0 To numberOfMeshes
            If activeMesh Is meshes(i) Then
                material.Ambient = Color.Red
            Else
                material.Ambient = meshColors(i)
            End If
            device.Transform.World = Matrix.Translation(meshLocations(i))
            device.Material = material
            meshes(i).DrawSubset(0)
        Next i

        ' Finish the scene and present it on the screen.
        device.EndScene()
        device.Present()

    End Sub


    ' This method demonstrates picking.
    Protected Overrides Sub OnMouseDown(ByVal e As MouseEventArgs) 
        ' The technique used here is to create a ray through the entire
        ' logical 3-D space, and then perform an intersection test
        ' for the bounding box and ray.
        Dim i As Integer
        For i = 0 To numberOfMeshes
            Dim nearVector As New Vector3(e.X, e.Y, 0)
            Dim farVector As New Vector3(e.X, e.Y, 1)

            ' Create ray.
            nearVector.Unproject(device.Viewport, device.Transform.Projection, device.Transform.View, Matrix.Translation(meshLocations(i)))

            farVector.Unproject(device.Viewport, device.Transform.Projection, device.Transform.View, Matrix.Translation(meshLocations(i)))

            farVector.Subtract(nearVector)

            ' Perform intersection test for the bounding box and ray.
            If Geometry.BoxBoundProbe(meshBoundingBoxMinValues(i), meshBoundingBoxMaxValues(i), nearVector, farVector) Then
                ' Perform operation on detection of click on mesh object.
                ' In this case, you designate the mesh as the active
                ' mesh and invalidate the window so that it is redrawn.
                activeMesh = meshes(i)
                Me.Invalidate()
                Exit For
            End If
        Next i

    End Sub


    Shared Sub Main() 
        Application.Run(New MeshPickingHowto())

    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.WindowsMobile.DirectX;
using Microsoft.WindowsMobile.DirectX.Direct3D;

namespace MeshPick
{
    class MeshPickingHowto : Form
    {
        const int numberOfMeshes = 9;
        Mesh [] meshes;
        Color [] meshColors = new Color [] { Color.Green, Color.Orange,
            Color.Purple, Color.Pink, Color.Violet, Color.Blue, Color.Yellow,
            Color.Brown, Color.Aquamarine };

        Vector3 [] meshLocations;
        Vector3 [] meshBoundingBoxMinValues;
        Vector3 [] meshBoundingBoxMaxValues;
        Mesh activeMesh;

        Device device;

        public MeshPickingHowto()
        {
            PresentParameters present;

            this.Text = "Mesh Picking";

            // Enable the form to be closed.
            // This is required so that Hwnd of the form changes.
            this.MinimizeBox = false;

            present = new PresentParameters();
            present.Windowed = true;
            present.AutoDepthStencilFormat = DepthFormat.D16;
            present.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
            present.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard;

            device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Default, this,
                                CreateFlags.None, present);
            device.DeviceReset += new EventHandler(OnDeviceReset);
            OnDeviceReset(null, EventArgs.Empty);
        }

        private void OnDeviceReset(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // Meshes must be recreated whenever the device
            // is reset, no matter which pool they are created in.

            meshes = new Mesh[numberOfMeshes];
            meshLocations = new Vector3[numberOfMeshes];
            meshBoundingBoxMinValues = new Vector3[numberOfMeshes];
            meshBoundingBoxMaxValues = new Vector3[numberOfMeshes];
            activeMesh = null;
            // Create several meshes and associated data.
            for (int i = 0; i < numberOfMeshes; i++)
            {
                GraphicsStream vertexData;

                meshes[i] = Mesh.Box(device, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);

                // Arrange the boxes in a grid, with each
                // successive box farther in the distance.
                meshLocations[i] = new Vector3(((i % 3) * 2) - 2,
                                            ((i / 3) * 2) - 2, i);

                // Compute the bounding box for a mesh.
                VertexBufferDescription description =
                    meshes[i].VertexBuffer.Description;
                vertexData = meshes[i].VertexBuffer.Lock
                                         (0, 0, LockFlags.ReadOnly);
                Geometry.ComputeBoundingBox(vertexData,
                    meshes[i].NumberVertices,description.VertexFormat,
                    out meshBoundingBoxMinValues[i],
                    out meshBoundingBoxMaxValues[i]);
                meshes[i].VertexBuffer.Unlock();
            }
            // Set the transformation matrices.
            device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovRH(
               (float)Math.PI/4.0F,
               (float)this.ClientSize.Width / (float)this.ClientSize.Height,
               0.001f, 40);

            device.Transform.View = Matrix.LookAtRH(new Vector3(0, 2, -7),
                new Vector3(0, 0, 0), new Vector3(0, 1, 0));

            device.RenderState.Ambient = Color.White;
        }

        protected override void OnPaintBackground(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            // Do nothing.
        }

        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            Material material = new Material();

            // Begin the scene and clear the back buffer to black.
            device.BeginScene();
            device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer,
                        Color.Black, 1.0f, 0);

            // Draw each mesh to the screen.
            // The active mesh is drawn in red.
            for (int i = 0; i < numberOfMeshes; i++)
            {
                if (activeMesh == meshes[i])
                    material.Ambient = Color.Red;
                else
                    material.Ambient = meshColors[i];

                device.Transform.World = Matrix.Translation(meshLocations[i]);
                device.Material = material;
                meshes[i].DrawSubset(0);
            }

            // Finish the scene and present it on the screen.
            device.EndScene();
            device.Present();
        }

        // This method demonstrates picking.
        protected override void OnMouseDown(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            // The technique used here is to create a ray through the entire
            // logical 3-D space, and then perform an intersection test
            // for the bounding box and ray.
            for (int i = 0; i < numberOfMeshes; i++)
            {
                Vector3 nearVector = new Vector3(e.X, e.Y, 0);
                Vector3 farVector = new Vector3(e.X, e.Y, 1);

                // Create ray.

                nearVector.Unproject(device.Viewport,
                            device.Transform.Projection,
                            device.Transform.View,
                            Matrix.Translation(meshLocations[i]));

                farVector.Unproject(device.Viewport,
                            device.Transform.Projection,
                            device.Transform.View,
                            Matrix.Translation(meshLocations[i]));

                farVector.Subtract(nearVector);

                // Perform intersection test for the bounding box and ray.

                if (Geometry.BoxBoundProbe(meshBoundingBoxMinValues[i],
                    meshBoundingBoxMaxValues[i], nearVector, farVector))
                {
                    // Perform operation on detection of click on mesh object.
                    // In this case, you designate the mesh as the active
                    // mesh and invalidate the window so that it is redrawn.

                    activeMesh = meshes[i];
                    this.Invalidate();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        static void Main()
        {
            Application.Run(new MeshPickingHowto());
        }
    }
}

Compilation du code

Cet exemple nécessite des références aux espaces de noms suivants :

• Microsoft.WindowsMobile.DirectX

• Microsoft.WindowsMobile.DirectX.Direct3D

• System

• System.Drawing

• System.Windows.Forms

Voir aussi

Concepts

.Rubriques Comment relatives au .NET Compact Framework

Autres ressources

Programmation Direct3D Mobile dans le .NET Compact Framework