join, clause (Référence C#)

var innerJoinQuery =
    from category in categories
    join prod in products on category.ID equals prod.CategoryID
    select new { ProductName = prod.Name, Category = category.Name }; //produces flat sequence

var innerGroupJoinQuery =
    from category in categories
    join prod in products on category.ID equals prod.CategoryID into prodGroup
    select new { CategoryName = category.Name, Products = prodGroup };

var innerGroupJoinQuery2 =
    from category in categories
    join prod in products on category.ID equals prod.CategoryID into prodGroup
    from prod2 in prodGroup
    where prod2.UnitPrice > 2.50M
    select prod2;

var leftOuterJoinQuery =
    from category in categories
    join prod in products on category.ID equals prod.CategoryID into prodGroup
    from item in prodGroup.DefaultIfEmpty(new Product { Name = String.Empty, CategoryID = 0 })
    select new { CatName = category.Name, ProdName = item.Name };

class JoinDemonstration
{
    #region Data

    class Product
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int CategoryID { get; set; }
    }

    class Category
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int ID { get; set; }
    }

    // Specify the first data source.
    List<Category> categories = new List<Category>()
    { 
        new Category(){Name="Beverages", ID=001},
        new Category(){ Name="Condiments", ID=002},
        new Category(){ Name="Vegetables", ID=003},
        new Category() {  Name="Grains", ID=004},
        new Category() {  Name="Fruit", ID=005}            
    };

    // Specify the second data source.
    List<Product> products = new List<Product>()
   {
      new Product{Name="Cola",  CategoryID=001},
      new Product{Name="Tea",  CategoryID=001},
      new Product{Name="Mustard", CategoryID=002},
      new Product{Name="Pickles", CategoryID=002},
      new Product{Name="Carrots", CategoryID=003},
      new Product{Name="Bok Choy", CategoryID=003},
      new Product{Name="Peaches", CategoryID=005},
      new Product{Name="Melons", CategoryID=005},
    };
    #endregion


    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        JoinDemonstration app = new JoinDemonstration();

        app.InnerJoin();
        app.GroupJoin();
        app.GroupInnerJoin();
        app.GroupJoin3();
        app.LeftOuterJoin();
        app.LeftOuterJoin2();

        // Keep the console window open in debug mode.
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
        Console.ReadKey();
    }

    void InnerJoin()
    {
        // Create the query that selects 
        // a property from each element.
        var innerJoinQuery =
           from category in categories
           join prod in products on category.ID equals prod.CategoryID
           select new { Category = category.ID, Product = prod.Name };

        Console.WriteLine("InnerJoin:");
        // Execute the query. Access results 
        // with a simple foreach statement.
        foreach (var item in innerJoinQuery)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0,-10}{1}", item.Product, item.Category);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("InnerJoin: {0} items in 1 group.", innerJoinQuery.Count());
        Console.WriteLine(System.Environment.NewLine);

    }

    void GroupJoin()
    {
        // This is a demonstration query to show the output
        // of a "raw" group join. A more typical group join
        // is shown in the GroupInnerJoin method.
        var groupJoinQuery =
           from category in categories
           join prod in products on category.ID equals prod.CategoryID into prodGroup
           select prodGroup;

        // Store the count of total items (for demonstration only).
        int totalItems = 0;

        Console.WriteLine("Simple GroupJoin:");

        // A nested foreach statement is required to access group items.
        foreach (var prodGrouping in groupJoinQuery)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Group:");
            foreach (var item in prodGrouping)
            {
                totalItems++;
                Console.WriteLine("   {0,-10}{1}", item.Name, item.CategoryID);
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine("Unshaped GroupJoin: {0} items in {1} unnamed groups", totalItems, groupJoinQuery.Count());
        Console.WriteLine(System.Environment.NewLine);
    }

    void GroupInnerJoin()
    {
        var groupJoinQuery2 =
            from category in categories
            orderby category.ID
            join prod in products on category.ID equals prod.CategoryID into prodGroup
            select new
            {
                Category = category.Name,
                Products = from prod2 in prodGroup
                           orderby prod2.Name
                           select prod2
            };

        //Console.WriteLine("GroupInnerJoin:");
        int totalItems = 0;

        Console.WriteLine("GroupInnerJoin:");
        foreach (var productGroup in groupJoinQuery2)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(productGroup.Category);
            foreach (var prodItem in productGroup.Products)
            {
                totalItems++;
                Console.WriteLine("  {0,-10} {1}", prodItem.Name, prodItem.CategoryID);
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine("GroupInnerJoin: {0} items in {1} named groups", totalItems, groupJoinQuery2.Count());
        Console.WriteLine(System.Environment.NewLine);
    }

    void GroupJoin3()
    {

        var groupJoinQuery3 =
            from category in categories
            join product in products on category.ID equals product.CategoryID into prodGroup
            from prod in prodGroup
            orderby prod.CategoryID
            select new { Category = prod.CategoryID, ProductName = prod.Name };

        //Console.WriteLine("GroupInnerJoin:");
        int totalItems = 0;

        Console.WriteLine("GroupJoin3:");
        foreach (var item in groupJoinQuery3)
        {
            totalItems++;
            Console.WriteLine("   {0}:{1}", item.ProductName, item.Category);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("GroupJoin3: {0} items in 1 group", totalItems, groupJoinQuery3.Count());
        Console.WriteLine(System.Environment.NewLine);
    }

    void LeftOuterJoin()
    {
        // Create the query.
        var leftOuterQuery =
           from category in categories
           join prod in products on category.ID equals prod.CategoryID into prodGroup
           select prodGroup.DefaultIfEmpty(new Product() { Name = "Nothing!", CategoryID = category.ID });

        // Store the count of total items (for demonstration only).
        int totalItems = 0;

        Console.WriteLine("Left Outer Join:");

        // A nested foreach statement  is required to access group items
        foreach (var prodGrouping in leftOuterQuery)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Group:", prodGrouping.Count());
            foreach (var item in prodGrouping)
            {
                totalItems++;
                Console.WriteLine("  {0,-10}{1}", item.Name, item.CategoryID);
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine("LeftOuterJoin: {0} items in {1} groups", totalItems, leftOuterQuery.Count());
        Console.WriteLine(System.Environment.NewLine);
    }

    void LeftOuterJoin2()
    {
        // Create the query.
        var leftOuterQuery2 =
           from category in categories
           join prod in products on category.ID equals prod.CategoryID into prodGroup
           from item in prodGroup.DefaultIfEmpty()
           select new { Name = item == null ? "Nothing!" : item.Name, CategoryID = category.ID };

        Console.WriteLine("LeftOuterJoin2: {0} items in 1 group", leftOuterQuery2.Count());
        // Store the count of total items
        int totalItems = 0;

        Console.WriteLine("Left Outer Join 2:");

        // Groups have been flattened.
        foreach (var item in leftOuterQuery2)
        {
            totalItems++;
            Console.WriteLine("{0,-10}{1}", item.Name, item.CategoryID);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("LeftOuterJoin2: {0} items in 1 group", totalItems);
    }
}
/*Output:

InnerJoin:
Cola      1
Tea       1
Mustard   2
Pickles   2
Carrots   3
Bok Choy  3
Peaches   5
Melons    5
InnerJoin: 8 items in 1 group.


Unshaped GroupJoin:
Group:
    Cola      1
    Tea       1
Group:
    Mustard   2
    Pickles   2
Group:
    Carrots   3
    Bok Choy  3
Group:
Group:
    Peaches   5
    Melons    5
Unshaped GroupJoin: 8 items in 5 unnamed groups


GroupInnerJoin:
Beverages
    Cola       1
    Tea        1
Condiments
    Mustard    2
    Pickles    2
Vegetables
    Bok Choy   3
    Carrots    3
Grains
Fruit
    Melons     5
    Peaches    5
GroupInnerJoin: 8 items in 5 named groups


GroupJoin3:
    Cola:1
    Tea:1
    Mustard:2
    Pickles:2
    Carrots:3
    Bok Choy:3
    Peaches:5
    Melons:5
GroupJoin3: 8 items in 1 group


Left Outer Join:
Group:
    Cola      1
    Tea       1
Group:
    Mustard   2
    Pickles   2
Group:
    Carrots   3
    Bok Choy  3
Group:
    Nothing!  4
Group:
    Peaches   5
    Melons    5
LeftOuterJoin: 9 items in 5 groups


LeftOuterJoin2: 9 items in 1 group
Left Outer Join 2:
Cola      1
Tea       1
Mustard   2
Pickles   2
Carrots   3
Bok Choy  3
Nothing!  4
Peaches   5
Melons    5
LeftOuterJoin2: 9 items in 1 group
Press any key to exit.
*/