PerspectiveCamera Class
Represents a perspective projection camera.
Namespace:
System.Windows.Media.Media3D
Assembly: PresentationCore (in PresentationCore.dll)
XMLNS for XAML: http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation, http://schemas.microsoft.com/netfx/2007/xaml/presentation
The PerspectiveCamera type exposes the following members.
| Name | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
PerspectiveCamera() | Initializes a new instance of the PerspectiveCamera class. |
|
|
PerspectiveCamera(Point3D, Vector3D, Vector3D, Double) | Initializes a new instance of the PerspectiveCamera class using the specified position, direction, and field of view. |
| Name | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
CanFreeze | Gets a value that indicates whether the object can be made unmodifiable. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
DependencyObjectType | Gets the DependencyObjectType that wraps the CLR type of this instance. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
Dispatcher | Gets the Dispatcher this DispatcherObject is associated with. (Inherited from DispatcherObject.) |
|
|
FarPlaneDistance | Gets or sets a value that specifies the distance from the camera of the camera's far clip plane. (Inherited from ProjectionCamera.) |
|
|
FieldOfView | Gets or sets a value that represents the camera's horizontal field of view. |
|
|
HasAnimatedProperties | Gets a value that indicates whether one or more AnimationClock objects is associated with any of this object's dependency properties. (Inherited from Animatable.) |
|
|
IsFrozen | Gets a value that indicates whether the object is currently modifiable. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
IsSealed | Gets a value that indicates whether this instance is currently sealed (read-only). (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
LookDirection | Gets or sets a Vector3D which defines the direction in which the camera is looking in world coordinates. (Inherited from ProjectionCamera.) |
|
|
NearPlaneDistance | Gets or sets a value that specifies the distance from the camera of the camera's near clip plane. (Inherited from ProjectionCamera.) |
|
|
Position | Gets or sets the position of the camera in world coordinates. (Inherited from ProjectionCamera.) |
|
|
Transform | Gets or sets the Transform3D applied to the camera. (Inherited from Camera.) |
|
|
UpDirection | Gets or sets a Vector3D which defines the upward direction of the camera. (Inherited from ProjectionCamera.) |
| Name | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
ApplyAnimationClock(DependencyProperty, AnimationClock) | Applies an AnimationClock to the specified DependencyProperty. If the property is already animated, the SnapshotAndReplace handoff behavior is used. (Inherited from Animatable.) |
|
|
ApplyAnimationClock(DependencyProperty, AnimationClock, HandoffBehavior) | Applies an AnimationClock to the specified DependencyProperty. If the property is already animated, the specified HandoffBehavior is used. (Inherited from Animatable.) |
|
|
BeginAnimation(DependencyProperty, AnimationTimeline) | Applies an animation to the specified DependencyProperty. The animation is started when the next frame is rendered. If the specified property is already animated, the SnapshotAndReplace handoff behavior is used. (Inherited from Animatable.) |
|
|
BeginAnimation(DependencyProperty, AnimationTimeline, HandoffBehavior) | Applies an animation to the specified DependencyProperty. The animation is started when the next frame is rendered. If the specified property is already animated, the specified HandoffBehavior is used. (Inherited from Animatable.) |
|
|
CheckAccess | Determines whether the calling thread has access to this DispatcherObject. (Inherited from DispatcherObject.) |
|
|
ClearValue(DependencyProperty) | Clears the local value of a property. The property to be cleared is specified by a DependencyProperty identifier. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
ClearValue(DependencyPropertyKey) | Clears the local value of a read-only property. The property to be cleared is specified by a DependencyPropertyKey. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
Clone | Creates a modifiable clone of this PerspectiveCamera, making deep copies of this object's values. When copying dependency properties, this method copies resource references and data bindings (but they might no longer resolve) but not animations or their current values. |
|
CloneCore | Makes the instance a clone (deep copy) of the specified Freezable using base (non-animated) property values. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
CloneCurrentValue | Creates a modifiable clone of this PerspectiveCamera object, making deep copies of this object's current values. Resource references, data bindings, and animations are not copied, but their current values are. |
|
|
CloneCurrentValueCore | Makes the instance a modifiable clone (deep copy) of the specified Freezable using current property values. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
CoerceValue | Coerces the value of the specified dependency property. This is accomplished by invoking any CoerceValueCallback function specified in property metadata for the dependency property as it exists on the calling DependencyObject. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
CreateInstance | Initializes a new instance of the Freezable class. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
CreateInstanceCore | When implemented in a derived class, creates a new instance of the Freezable derived class. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
Equals | Determines whether a provided DependencyObject is equivalent to the current DependencyObject. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
Finalize | Allows an object to try to free resources and perform other cleanup operations before it is reclaimed by garbage collection. (Inherited from Object.) |
|
|
Freeze() | Makes the current object unmodifiable and sets its IsFrozen property to true. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
FreezeCore | Makes this Animatable object unmodifiable or determines whether it can be made unmodifiable. (Inherited from Animatable.) |
|
|
GetAnimationBaseValue | Returns the non-animated value of the specified DependencyProperty. (Inherited from Animatable.) |
|
|
GetAsFrozen | Creates a frozen copy of the Freezable, using base (non-animated) property values. Because the copy is frozen, any frozen sub-objects are copied by reference. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
GetAsFrozenCore | Makes the instance a frozen clone of the specified Freezable using base (non-animated) property values. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
GetCurrentValueAsFrozen | Creates a frozen copy of the Freezable using current property values. Because the copy is frozen, any frozen sub-objects are copied by reference. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
GetCurrentValueAsFrozenCore | Makes the current instance a frozen clone of the specified Freezable. If the object has animated dependency properties, their current animated values are copied. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
GetHashCode | Gets a hash code for this DependencyObject. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
GetLocalValueEnumerator | Creates a specialized enumerator for determining which dependency properties have locally set values on this DependencyObject. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
GetType | Gets the Type of the current instance. (Inherited from Object.) |
|
|
GetValue | Returns the current effective value of a dependency property on this instance of a DependencyObject. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
InvalidateProperty | Re-evaluates the effective value for the specified dependency property (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
MemberwiseClone | Creates a shallow copy of the current Object. (Inherited from Object.) |
|
|
OnChanged | Called when the current Freezable object is modified. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
OnFreezablePropertyChanged(DependencyObject, DependencyObject) | Ensures that appropriate context pointers are established for a DependencyObjectType data member that has just been set. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
OnFreezablePropertyChanged(DependencyObject, DependencyObject, DependencyProperty) | This member supports the Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) infrastructure and is not intended to be used directly from your code. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
OnPropertyChanged | Overrides the DependencyObject implementation of OnPropertyChanged to also invoke any Changed handlers in response to a changing dependency property of type Freezable. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
ReadLocalValue | Returns the local value of a dependency property, if it exists. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
ReadPreamble | Ensures that the Freezable is being accessed from a valid thread. Inheritors of Freezable must call this method at the beginning of any API that reads data members that are not dependency properties. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
SetCurrentValue | Sets the value of a dependency property without changing its value source. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
SetValue(DependencyProperty, Object) | Sets the local value of a dependency property, specified by its dependency property identifier. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
SetValue(DependencyPropertyKey, Object) | Sets the local value of a read-only dependency property, specified by the DependencyPropertyKey identifier of the dependency property. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
ShouldSerializeProperty | Returns a value that indicates whether serialization processes should serialize the value for the provided dependency property. (Inherited from DependencyObject.) |
|
|
ToString() | Creates a string representation of this object based on the current culture settings. (Inherited from Camera.) |
|
|
ToString(IFormatProvider) | Creates a string representation of the Camera. (Inherited from Camera.) |
|
|
VerifyAccess | Enforces that the calling thread has access to this DispatcherObject. (Inherited from DispatcherObject.) |
|
|
WritePostscript | Raises the Changed event for the Freezable and invokes its OnChanged method. Classes that derive from Freezable should call this method at the end of any API that modifies class members that are not stored as dependency properties. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
|
|
WritePreamble | Verifies that the Freezable is not frozen and that it is being accessed from a valid threading context. Freezable inheritors should call this method at the beginning of any API that writes to data members that are not dependency properties. (Inherited from Freezable.) |
| Name | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
IFormattable.ToString | Formats the value of the current instance using the specified format. (Inherited from Camera.) |
PerspectiveCamera specifies a projection of a 3-D model to a 2-D visual surface. This projection includes perspective foreshortening. In other words, the PerspectiveCamera describes a frustrum whose sides converge toward a point on the horizon. Objects closer to the camera appear larger, and objects farther from the camera appear smaller.
The following diagram shows the difference between orthographic and perspective-foreshortened camera projections.
<Page xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" > <DockPanel> <Viewbox> <Canvas Width="321" Height="201"> <!-- The Viewport3D provides a rendering surface for 3-D visual content. --> <Viewport3D ClipToBounds="True" Width="150" Height="150" Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="10"> <!-- Defines the camera used to view the 3D object. --> <Viewport3D.Camera> <PerspectiveCamera Position="0,0,2" LookDirection="0,0,-1" FieldOfView="60" /> </Viewport3D.Camera> <!-- The ModelVisual3D children contain the 3D models --> <Viewport3D.Children> <!-- This ModelVisual3D defines the light cast in the scene. Without light, the 3D object cannot be seen. Also, the direction of the lights affect shadowing. If desired, you can create multiple lights with different colors that shine from different directions. --> <ModelVisual3D> <ModelVisual3D.Content> <DirectionalLight Color="#FFFFFF" Direction="-0.612372,-0.5,-0.612372" /> </ModelVisual3D.Content> </ModelVisual3D> <ModelVisual3D> <ModelVisual3D.Content> <GeometryModel3D> <!-- The geometry specifes the shape of the 3D plane. In this sample, a flat sheet is created. --> <GeometryModel3D.Geometry> <MeshGeometry3D TriangleIndices="0,1,2 3,4,5 " Normals="0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 " TextureCoordinates="0,0 1,0 1,1 1,1 0,1 0,0 " Positions="-0.5,-0.5,0.5 0.5,-0.5,0.5 0.5,0.5,0.5 0.5,0.5,0.5 -0.5,0.5,0.5 -0.5,-0.5,0.5 " /> </GeometryModel3D.Geometry> <!-- The material specifies the material applied to the 3D object. In this sample a tiled drawing covers the surface of the 3D object.--> <GeometryModel3D.Material> <DiffuseMaterial> <DiffuseMaterial.Brush> <DrawingBrush Viewport="0,0,0.1,0.1" TileMode="Tile"> <DrawingBrush.Drawing> <DrawingGroup> <DrawingGroup.Children> <GeometryDrawing Geometry="M0,0.1 L0.1,0 1,0.9, 0.9,1z" Brush="Gray" /> <GeometryDrawing Geometry="M0.9,0 L1,0.1 0.1,1 0,0.9z" Brush="Gray" /> <GeometryDrawing Geometry="M0.25,0.25 L0.5,0.125 0.75,0.25 0.5,0.5z" Brush="#FFFF00" /> <GeometryDrawing Geometry="M0.25,0.75 L0.5,0.875 0.75,0.75 0.5,0.5z" Brush="Black" /> <GeometryDrawing Geometry="M0.25,0.75 L0.125,0.5 0.25,0.25 0.5,0.5z" Brush="#FF0000" /> <GeometryDrawing Geometry="M0.75,0.25 L0.875,0.5 0.75,0.75 0.5,0.5z" Brush="MediumBlue" /> </DrawingGroup.Children> </DrawingGroup> </DrawingBrush.Drawing> </DrawingBrush> </DiffuseMaterial.Brush> </DiffuseMaterial> </GeometryModel3D.Material> <!-- Apply a transform to the object. In this sample, a rotation transform is applied, rendering the 3D object rotated. --> <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <RotateTransform3D> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Axis="0,3,0" Angle="40" /> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> </ModelVisual3D.Content> </ModelVisual3D> </Viewport3D.Children> </Viewport3D> </Canvas> </Viewbox> </DockPanel> </Page>
More Code
| How to: Create a 3-D Scene | This example shows how to create a 3-D object that looks like a flat sheet of paper which has been rotated. A Viewport3D along with the following components are used to create this simple 3-D scene: |
| How to: Animate Camera Position and Direction in a 3D Scene | The following example shows how to animate the position of a camera and animate the direction it is pointing in a 3D scene. This is done by using Point3DAnimation and Vector3DAnimation to animate the Position and LookDirection properties respectively of the PerspectiveCamera. You might use an animation like this to change the onlooker's view of a scene in response to an event. |
| How to: Animate Camera Position and Direction Using Key Frames | In the following example, Point3DAnimationUsingKeyFrames is used to animate the position of a PerspectiveCamera in a 3D scene. In addition, Vector3DAnimationUsingKeyFrames is used to animate the direction the camera is pointing in the 3D scene. Both of these animations use several key frames which create a series of animation effects: |
Windows 7, Windows Vista SP1 or later, Windows XP SP3, Windows Server 2008 (Server Core not supported), Windows Server 2008 R2 (Server Core supported with SP1 or later), Windows Server 2003 SP2
The .NET Framework does not support all versions of every platform. For a list of the supported versions, see .NET Framework System Requirements.
