Timer.Elapsed Event (System.Timers)

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.NET Framework Class Library
Timer.Elapsed Event

Updated: May 2010

Occurs when the interval elapses.

Namespace:  System.Timers
Assembly:  System (in System.dll)
Syntax

Visual Basic
<TimersDescriptionAttribute("TimerIntervalElapsed")> _
Public Event Elapsed As ElapsedEventHandler
C#
[TimersDescriptionAttribute("TimerIntervalElapsed")]
public event ElapsedEventHandler Elapsed
Visual C++
[TimersDescriptionAttribute(L"TimerIntervalElapsed")]
public:
 event ElapsedEventHandler^ Elapsed {
	void add (ElapsedEventHandler^ value);
	void remove (ElapsedEventHandler^ value);
}
F#
[<TimersDescriptionAttribute("TimerIntervalElapsed")>]
member Elapsed : IEvent<ElapsedEventHandler,
    ElapsedEventArgs>

Remarks

If Enabled is set to true and AutoReset is set to false, the Timer raises the Elapsed event only once, the first time the interval elapses.

If Interval is set after the Timer has started, the count is reset. For example, if you set the interval to 5 seconds and then set Enabled to true, the count starts at the time Enabled is set. If you reset the interval to 10 seconds when count is 3 seconds, the Elapsed event is raised for the first time 13 seconds after Enabled was set to true.

If the SynchronizingObject property is null, the Elapsed event is raised on a ThreadPool thread. If the processing of the Elapsed event lasts longer than Interval, the event might be raised again on another ThreadPool thread. In this situation, the event handler should be reentrant.

Note Note

The event-handling method might run on one thread at the same time that another thread calls the Stop method or sets the Enabled property to false. This might result in the Elapsed event being raised after the timer is stopped. The example code for the Stop method shows one way to avoid this race condition.

Even if SynchronizingObject is not null, Elapsed events can occur after the Dispose or Stop method has been called or after the Enabled property has been set to false, because the signal to raise the Elapsed event is always queued for execution on a thread pool thread. One way to resolve this race condition is to set a flag that tells the event handler for the Elapsed event to ignore subsequent events.

The Timer component catches and suppresses all exceptions thrown by event handlers for the Elapsed event. This behavior is subject to change in future releases of the .NET Framework.

Examples

The following code example sets up an event handler for the Timer.Elapsed event, creates a timer, and starts the timer. The event handler displays the SignalTime property each time it is raised.

Visual Basic

Imports System
Imports System.Timers

Public Class Timer1

    Private Shared aTimer As System.Timers.Timer

    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' Normally, the timer is declared at the class level,
        ' so that it stays in scope as long as it is needed.
        ' If the timer is declared in a long-running method,  
        ' KeepAlive must be used to prevent the JIT compiler 
        ' from allowing aggressive garbage collection to occur 
        ' before the method ends. You can experiment with this
        ' by commenting out the class-level declaration and 
        ' uncommenting the declaration below; then uncomment
        ' the GC.KeepAlive(aTimer) at the end of the method.
        'Dim aTimer As System.Timers.Timer

        ' Create a timer with a ten second interval.
        aTimer = New System.Timers.Timer(10000)

        ' Hook up the Elapsed event for the timer.
        AddHandler aTimer.Elapsed, AddressOf OnTimedEvent

        ' Set the Interval to 2 seconds (2000 milliseconds).
        aTimer.Interval = 2000
        aTimer.Enabled = True

        Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to exit the program.")
        Console.ReadLine()

        ' If the timer is declared in a long-running method, use
        ' KeepAlive to prevent garbage collection from occurring
        ' before the method ends.
        'GC.KeepAlive(aTimer)
    End Sub

    ' Specify what you want to happen when the Elapsed event is 
    ' raised.
    Private Shared Sub OnTimedEvent(source As Object, e As ElapsedEventArgs)
        Console.WriteLine("The Elapsed event was raised at {0}", e.SignalTime)
    End Sub
End Class

' This code example produces output similar to the following:
'
'Press the Enter key to exit the program.
'The Elapsed event was raised at 5/20/2007 8:42:27 PM
'The Elapsed event was raised at 5/20/2007 8:42:29 PM
'The Elapsed event was raised at 5/20/2007 8:42:31 PM
'...


C#

using System;
using System.Timers;

public class Timer1
{
    private static System.Timers.Timer aTimer;

    public static void Main()
    {
        // Normally, the timer is declared at the class level,
        // so that it stays in scope as long as it is needed.
        // If the timer is declared in a long-running method,  
        // KeepAlive must be used to prevent the JIT compiler 
        // from allowing aggressive garbage collection to occur 
        // before the method ends. You can experiment with this
        // by commenting out the class-level declaration and 
        // uncommenting the declaration below; then uncomment
        // the GC.KeepAlive(aTimer) at the end of the method.
        //System.Timers.Timer aTimer;

        // Create a timer with a ten second interval.
        aTimer = new System.Timers.Timer(10000);

        // Hook up the Elapsed event for the timer.
        aTimer.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(OnTimedEvent);

        // Set the Interval to 2 seconds (2000 milliseconds).
        aTimer.Interval = 2000;
        aTimer.Enabled = true;

        Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to exit the program.");
        Console.ReadLine();

        // If the timer is declared in a long-running method, use
        // KeepAlive to prevent garbage collection from occurring
        // before the method ends.
        //GC.KeepAlive(aTimer);
    }

    // Specify what you want to happen when the Elapsed event is 
    // raised.
    private static void OnTimedEvent(object source, ElapsedEventArgs e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("The Elapsed event was raised at {0}", e.SignalTime);
    }
}

/* This code example produces output similar to the following:

Press the Enter key to exit the program.
The Elapsed event was raised at 5/20/2007 8:42:27 PM
The Elapsed event was raised at 5/20/2007 8:42:29 PM
The Elapsed event was raised at 5/20/2007 8:42:31 PM
...
 */


Visual C++

#using <system.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Timers;

public ref class Timer1
{
private: 
   static System::Timers::Timer^ aTimer;

public:
   static void Demo()
   {
      // Normally, the timer is declared at the class level,
      // so that it stays in scope as long as it is needed.
      // If the timer is declared in a long-running method,  
      // KeepAlive must be used to prevent the JIT compiler 
      // from allowing aggressive garbage collection to occur 
      // before the method ends. You can experiment with this
      // by commenting out the class-level declaration and 
      // uncommenting the declaration below; then uncomment
      // the GC::KeepAlive(aTimer) at the end of the method.
      //System::Timers::Timer^ aTimer;

      // Create a new Timer with Interval set to 10 seconds.
      aTimer = gcnew System::Timers::Timer( 10000 );

      // Hook up the Elapsed event for the timer.
      aTimer->Elapsed += gcnew ElapsedEventHandler( Timer1::OnTimedEvent );

      // Set the Interval to 2 seconds (2000 milliseconds).
      aTimer->Interval = 2000;
      aTimer->Enabled = true;

      Console::WriteLine("Press the Enter key to exit the program.");
      Console::ReadLine();

      // If the timer is declared in a long-running method, use
      // KeepAlive to prevent garbage collection from occurring
      // before the method ends.
      //GC::KeepAlive(aTimer);
   }


private:
   // Specify what you want to happen when the Elapsed event is 
   // raised.
   static void OnTimedEvent( Object^ source, ElapsedEventArgs^ e )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( "The Elapsed event was raised at {0}", e->SignalTime );
   }

};

int main()
{
   Timer1::Demo();
}

/* This code example produces output similar to the following:

Press the Enter key to exit the program.
The Elapsed event was raised at 5/20/2007 8:42:27 PM
The Elapsed event was raised at 5/20/2007 8:42:29 PM
The Elapsed event was raised at 5/20/2007 8:42:31 PM
...
 */


Version Information

.NET Framework

Supported in: 4, 3.5, 3.0, 2.0, 1.1, 1.0

.NET Framework Client Profile

Supported in: 4, 3.5 SP1
Platforms

Windows 7, Windows Vista SP1 or later, Windows XP SP3, Windows XP SP2 x64 Edition, Windows Server 2008 (Server Core not supported), Windows Server 2008 R2 (Server Core supported with SP1 or later), Windows Server 2003 SP2

The .NET Framework does not support all versions of every platform. For a list of the supported versions, see .NET Framework System Requirements.
See Also

Reference

Elapsed
Change History

Date

History

Reason

May 2010

Corrected an invalid value for the SynchronizingObject property.

Content bug fix.