ServiceController Class (System.ServiceProcess)

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Microsoft Visual Studio 2008/.NET Framework 3.5

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.NET Framework Class Library

ServiceController Class

Represents a Windows service and allows you to connect to a running or stopped service, manipulate it, or get information about it.

Namespace: System.ServiceProcess
Assembly: System.ServiceProcess (in System.ServiceProcess.dll)

Syntax

Visual Basic (Declaration)

<ServiceProcessDescriptionAttribute("ServiceControllerDesc")> _
Public Class ServiceController _
    Inherits Component

Visual Basic (Usage)

Dim instance As ServiceController

[ServiceProcessDescriptionAttribute("ServiceControllerDesc")]
public class ServiceController : Component

Visual C++

[ServiceProcessDescriptionAttribute(L"ServiceControllerDesc")]
public ref class ServiceController : public Component

JScript

public class ServiceController extends Component

Remarks

You can use the ServiceController class to connect to and control the behavior of existing services. When you create an instance of the ServiceController class, you set its properties so it interacts with a specific Windows service. You can then use the class to start, stop, and otherwise manipulate the service.

You will most likely use the ServiceController component in an administrative capacity. For example, you could create a Windows or Web application that sends custom commands to a service through the ServiceController instance. This would be useful, because the Service Control Manager (SCM) Microsoft Management Console snap-in does not support custom commands.

After you create an instance of ServiceController, you must set two properties on it to identify the service with which it interacts: the computer name and the name of the service you want to control.

Note:
By default, MachineName is set to the local computer, so you do not need to change it unless you want to set the instance to point to another computer.

Generally, the service author writes code that customizes the action associated with a specific command. For example, a service can contain code to respond to an ServiceBase..::.OnPause command. In that case, the custom processing for the Pause task runs before the system pauses the service.

The set of commands a service can process depends on its properties; for example, you can set the CanStop property for a service to false. This setting renders the Stop command unavailable on that particular service; it prevents you from stopping the service from the SCM by disabling the necessary button. If you try to stop the service from your code, the system raises an error and displays the error message "Failed to stop servicename."

Examples

The following example demonstrates the use of the ServiceController class to control the SimpleService service example. See the ServiceBase class for the example code for the SimpleService service.

Visual Basic

Imports System
Imports System.ServiceProcess
Imports System.Diagnostics
Imports System.Threading



Class Program

    Public Enum SimpleServiceCustomCommands
        StopWorker = 128
        RestartWorker
        CheckWorker
    End Enum 'SimpleServiceCustomCommands

    Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
        Dim scServices() As ServiceController
        scServices = ServiceController.GetServices()

        Dim scTemp As ServiceController
        For Each scTemp In scServices

            If scTemp.ServiceName = "Simple Service" Then
                ' Display properties for the Simple Service sample 
                ' from the ServiceBase example
                Dim sc As New ServiceController("Simple Service")
                Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status.ToString())
                Console.WriteLine("Can Pause and Continue = " + _
                    sc.CanPauseAndContinue.ToString())
                Console.WriteLine("Can ShutDown = " + sc.CanShutdown.ToString())
                Console.WriteLine("Can Stop = " + sc.CanStop.ToString())
                If sc.Status = ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped Then
                    sc.Start()
                    While sc.Status = ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped
                        Thread.Sleep(1000)
                        sc.Refresh()
                    End While
                End If
                ' Issue custom commands to the service
                ' enum SimpleServiceCustomCommands 
                '    { StopWorker = 128, RestartWorker, CheckWorker };
                sc.ExecuteCommand(Fix(SimpleServiceCustomCommands.StopWorker))
                sc.ExecuteCommand(Fix(SimpleServiceCustomCommands.RestartWorker))
                sc.Pause()
                While sc.Status <> ServiceControllerStatus.Paused
                    Thread.Sleep(1000)
                    sc.Refresh()
                End While
                Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status.ToString())
                sc.Continue()
                While sc.Status = ServiceControllerStatus.Paused
                    Thread.Sleep(1000)
                    sc.Refresh()
                End While
                Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status.ToString())
                sc.Stop()
                While sc.Status <> ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped
                    Thread.Sleep(1000)
                    sc.Refresh()
                End While
                Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status.ToString())
                Dim argArray() As String = {"ServiceController arg1", "ServiceController arg2"}
                sc.Start(argArray)
                While sc.Status = ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped
                    Thread.Sleep(1000)
                    sc.Refresh()
                End While
                Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status.ToString())
                ' Display the event log entries for the custom commands
                ' and the start arguments.
                Dim el As New EventLog("Application")
                Dim elec As EventLogEntryCollection = el.Entries
                Dim ele As EventLogEntry
                For Each ele In elec
                    If ele.Source.IndexOf("SimpleService.OnCustomCommand") >= 0 Or ele.Source.IndexOf("SimpleService.Arguments") >= 0 Then
                        Console.WriteLine(ele.Message)
                    End If
                Next ele
            End If
        Next scTemp

    End Sub 'Main 
End Class 'Program
' This sample displays the following output if the Simple Service
' sample is running:
'Status = Running
'Can Pause and Continue = True
'Can ShutDown = True
'Can Stop = True
'Status = Paused
'Status = Running
'Status = Stopped
'Status = Running
'4:14:49 PM - Custom command received: 128
'4:14:49 PM - Custom command received: 129
'ServiceController arg1
'ServiceController arg2

using System;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Threading;

namespace ServiceControllerSample
{
    class Program
    {
        public enum SimpleServiceCustomCommands
        { StopWorker = 128, RestartWorker, CheckWorker };
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ServiceController[] scServices;
            scServices = ServiceController.GetServices();

            foreach (ServiceController scTemp in scServices)
            {

                if (scTemp.ServiceName == "Simple Service")
                {
                    // Display properties for the Simple Service sample
                    // from the ServiceBase example.
                    ServiceController sc = new ServiceController("Simple Service");
                    Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status);
                    Console.WriteLine("Can Pause and Continue = " + sc.CanPauseAndContinue);
                    Console.WriteLine("Can ShutDown = " + sc.CanShutdown);
                    Console.WriteLine("Can Stop = " + sc.CanStop);
                    if (sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped)
                    {
                        sc.Start();
                        while (sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped)
                        {
                            Thread.Sleep(1000);
                            sc.Refresh();
                        }
                    }
                    // Issue custom commands to the service
                    // enum SimpleServiceCustomCommands 
                    //    { StopWorker = 128, RestartWorker, CheckWorker };
                    sc.ExecuteCommand((int)SimpleServiceCustomCommands.StopWorker);
                    sc.ExecuteCommand((int)SimpleServiceCustomCommands.RestartWorker);
                    sc.Pause();
                    while (sc.Status != ServiceControllerStatus.Paused)
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(1000);
                        sc.Refresh();
                    }
                    Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status);
                    sc.Continue();
                    while (sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Paused)
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(1000);
                        sc.Refresh();
                    }
                    Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status);
                    sc.Stop();
                    while (sc.Status != ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped)
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(1000);
                        sc.Refresh();
                    }
                    Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status);
                    String[] argArray = new string[] { "ServiceController arg1", "ServiceController arg2" };
                    sc.Start(argArray);
                    while (sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped)
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(1000);
                        sc.Refresh();
                    }
                    Console.WriteLine("Status = " + sc.Status);
                    // Display the event log entries for the custom commands
                    // and the start arguments.
                    EventLog el = new EventLog("Application");
                    EventLogEntryCollection elec = el.Entries;
                    foreach (EventLogEntry ele in elec)
                    {
                        if (ele.Source.IndexOf("SimpleService.OnCustomCommand") >= 0 |
                            ele.Source.IndexOf("SimpleService.Arguments") >= 0)
                            Console.WriteLine(ele.Message);
                    }
                }
            }


        }
    }
}
// This sample displays the following output if the Simple Service
// sample is running:
//Status = Running
//Can Pause and Continue = True
//Can ShutDown = True
//Can Stop = True
//Status = Paused
//Status = Running
//Status = Stopped
//Status = Running
//4:14:49 PM - Custom command received: 128
//4:14:49 PM - Custom command received: 129
//ServiceController arg1
//ServiceController arg2

Inheritance Hierarchy

System..::.Object
  System..::.MarshalByRefObject
    System.ComponentModel..::.Component
      System.ServiceProcess..::.ServiceController

Thread Safety

Any public static (Shared in Visual Basic) members of this type are thread safe. Any instance members are not guaranteed to be thread safe.

Platforms

Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP Starter Edition, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2000 SP4, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 98

The .NET Framework and .NET Compact Framework do not support all versions of every platform. For a list of the supported versions, see .NET Framework System Requirements.

Version Information

.NET Framework

Supported in: 3.5, 3.0, 2.0, 1.1, 1.0

Reference

ServiceController Members

System.ServiceProcess Namespace

ServiceBase

ServiceControllerStatus

ServiceType