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.NET Framework 3.5
MACTripleDES Class

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Microsoft Visual Studio 2008/.NET Framework 3.5

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.NET Framework Class Library
MACTripleDES Class

Updated: February 2009

Computes a Message Authentication Code (MAC) using TripleDES for the input data CryptoStream.

Namespace:  System.Security.Cryptography
Assembly:  mscorlib (in mscorlib.dll)
Visual Basic (Declaration)
<ComVisibleAttribute(True)> _
Public Class MACTripleDES _
    Inherits KeyedHashAlgorithm
Visual Basic (Usage)
Dim instance As MACTripleDES
C#
[ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public class MACTripleDES : KeyedHashAlgorithm
Visual C++
[ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public ref class MACTripleDES : public KeyedHashAlgorithm
JScript
public class MACTripleDES extends KeyedHashAlgorithm

A MAC can be used to determine whether a message sent over an insecure channel has been tampered with, provided that the sender and receiver share a secret key. The sender computes the MAC for the original data, and sends both as a single message. The receiver recomputes the MAC on the received message, and checks that the computed MAC matches the transmitted MAC.

Any change to the data or the MAC will result in a mismatch, because knowledge of the secret key is required to change the message and reproduce the correct MAC. Therefore, if the codes match, the message is authenticated.

MACTripleDES uses a key of length 16 or 24 bytes, and produces a hash sequence of length 8 bytes.

The following example creates a MAC for a file named input.txt, which is located in the folder that contains the sample executable. The MAC and the original text are written to a file named encrypted.hsh in the same folder. The signed file is then read, and the MAC is calculated for the text portion of the file and compared to the MAC contained with the text.

Visual Basic
Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Cryptography



Public Class MACTripleDESExample

    ' Computes a keyed hash for a source file, creates a target file with the keyed hash
    ' prepended to the contents of the source file, then decrypts the file and compares
    ' the source and the decrypted files.
    Public Shared Sub EncodeFile(ByVal key() As Byte, ByVal sourceFile As String, ByVal destFile As String) 
        ' Initialize the keyed hash object.
        Dim mac3Des As New MACTripleDES(key)
        Dim inStream As New FileStream(sourceFile, FileMode.Open)
        Dim outStream As New FileStream(destFile, FileMode.Create)
        ' Compute the hash of the input file.
        Dim hashValue As Byte() = mac3Des.ComputeHash(inStream)
        ' Reset inStream to the beginning of the file.
        inStream.Position = 0
        ' Write the computed hash value to the output file.
        outStream.Write(hashValue, 0, hashValue.Length)
        ' Copy the contents of the sourceFile to the destFile.
        Dim bytesRead As Integer
        ' read 1K at a time
        Dim buffer(1023) As Byte
        Do
            ' Read from the wrapping CryptoStream.
            bytesRead = inStream.Read(buffer, 0, 1024)
            outStream.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead)
        Loop While bytesRead > 0
        mac3Des.Clear()
        ' Close the streams
        inStream.Close()
        outStream.Close()
        Return

    End Sub 'EncodeFile
     ' end EncodeFile

    ' Decrypt the encoded file and compare to original file.
    Public Shared Function DecodeFile(ByVal key() As Byte, ByVal sourceFile As String) As Boolean 
        ' Initialize the keyed hash object. 
        Dim mac3Des As New MACTripleDES(key)
        ' Create an array to hold the keyed hash value read from the file.
        Dim storedHash(mac3Des.HashSize / 8 - 1) As Byte
        ' Create a FileStream for the source file.
        Dim inStream As New FileStream(sourceFile, FileMode.Open)
        ' Read in the storedHash.
        inStream.Read(storedHash, 0, storedHash.Length)
        ' Compute the hash of the remaining contents of the file.
        ' The stream is properly positioned at the beginning of the content, 
        ' immediately after the stored hash value.
        Dim computedHash As Byte() = mac3Des.ComputeHash(inStream)
        ' compare the computed hash with the stored value
        Dim i As Integer
        For i = 0 To storedHash.Length - 1
            If computedHash(i) <> storedHash(i) Then
                Console.WriteLine("Hash values differ! Encoded file has been tampered with!")
                Return False
            End If
        Next i
        Console.WriteLine("Hash values agree -- no tampering occurred.")
        Return True

    End Function 'DecodeFile 'end DecodeFile
    Private Const usageText As String = "Usage: HMACSHA1 inputfile.txt encryptedfile.hsh" + vbLf + "You must specify the two file names. Only the first file must exist." + vbLf

    Public Shared Sub Main(ByVal Fileargs() As String) 

        Try
            ' Create a random key using a random number generator. This would be the
            '  secret key shared by sender and receiver.
            Dim secretkey() As Byte = New [Byte](23) {}
            'RNGCryptoServiceProvider is an implementation of a random number generator.
            Dim rng As New RNGCryptoServiceProvider()
            ' The array is now filled with cryptographically strong random bytes.
            rng.GetBytes(secretkey)

            ' Use the secret key to encode the message file.
            EncodeFile(secretkey, "Input.txt", "encryptedFile.hsh")

            ' Take the encoded file and decode
            DecodeFile(secretkey, "encryptedFile.hsh")
        Catch e As IOException
            Console.WriteLine("Error: File not found", e)
        End Try

    End Sub 'Main 
End Class 'MACTripleDESExample 'end main
'end class

C#
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

public class MACTripleDESExample
{
    // Computes a keyed hash for a source file, creates a target file with the keyed hash
    // prepended to the contents of the source file, then decrypts the file and compares
    // the source and the decrypted files.
    public static void EncodeFile(byte[] key, String sourceFile, String destFile)
    {
        // Initialize the keyed hash object.
        MACTripleDES mac3Des = new MACTripleDES(key);
        FileStream inStream = new FileStream(sourceFile, FileMode.Open);
        FileStream outStream = new FileStream(destFile, FileMode.Create);
        // Compute the hash of the input file.
        byte[] hashValue = mac3Des.ComputeHash(inStream);
        // Reset inStream to the beginning of the file.
        inStream.Position = 0;
        // Write the computed hash value to the output file.
        outStream.Write(hashValue, 0, hashValue.Length);
        // Copy the contents of the sourceFile to the destFile.
        int bytesRead;
        // read 1K at a time
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        do
        {
            // Read from the wrapping CryptoStream.
            bytesRead = inStream.Read(buffer, 0, 1024);
            outStream.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
        } while (bytesRead > 0);
        mac3Des.Clear();
        // Close the streams
        inStream.Close();
        outStream.Close();
        return;
    } // end EncodeFile


    // Decrypt the encoded file and compare to original file.
    public static bool DecodeFile(byte[] key, String sourceFile)
    {
        // Initialize the keyed hash object. 
        MACTripleDES mac3Des = new MACTripleDES(key);
        // Create an array to hold the keyed hash value read from the file.
        byte[] storedHash = new byte[mac3Des.HashSize / 8];
        // Create a FileStream for the source file.
        FileStream inStream = new FileStream(sourceFile, FileMode.Open);
        // Read in the storedHash.
        inStream.Read(storedHash, 0, storedHash.Length);
        // Compute the hash of the remaining contents of the file.
        // The stream is properly positioned at the beginning of the content, 
        // immediately after the stored hash value.
        byte[] computedHash = mac3Des.ComputeHash(inStream);
        // compare the computed hash with the stored value
        for (int i = 0; i < storedHash.Length; i++)
        {
            if (computedHash[i] != storedHash[i])
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Hash values differ! Encoded file has been tampered with!");
                return false;
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine("Hash values agree -- no tampering occurred.");
        return true;
    } //end DecodeFile

    private const string usageText = "Usage: HMACSHA1 inputfile.txt encryptedfile.hsh\nYou must specify the two file names. Only the first file must exist.\n";
    public static void Main(string[] Fileargs)
    {

            try
            {
                // Create a random key using a random number generator. This would be the
                //  secret key shared by sender and receiver.
                byte[] secretkey = new Byte[24];
                //RNGCryptoServiceProvider is an implementation of a random number generator.
                RNGCryptoServiceProvider rng = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();
                // The array is now filled with cryptographically strong random bytes.
                rng.GetBytes(secretkey);

                // Use the secret key to encode the message file.
                EncodeFile(secretkey, "Input.txt", "encryptedFile.hsh");

                // Take the encoded file and decode
                DecodeFile(secretkey, "encryptedFile.hsh");
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Error: File not found", e);
            }

    }  //end main
} //end class

Any public static (Shared in Visual Basic) members of this type are thread safe. Any instance members are not guaranteed to be thread safe.

Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP Starter Edition, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2000 SP4, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 98

The .NET Framework and .NET Compact Framework do not support all versions of every platform. For a list of the supported versions, see .NET Framework System Requirements.

.NET Framework

Supported in: 3.5, 3.0, 2.0, 1.1, 1.0

Date

History

Reason

February 2009

Replaced the example with a new example that round-trips a file and checks the text for tampering.

Customer feedback.

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