Public NotInheritable Class Marshal

The members of a static class are accessed directly without an instance of the class.

public static class Marshal

public ref class Marshal abstract sealed

public final class Marshal

public final class Marshal

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

public struct Point
{
    public Int32 x, y;
}


public sealed class App
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // Demonstrate the use of public static fields of the Marshal class.
        Console.WriteLine("SystemDefaultCharSize={0}, SystemMaxDBCSCharSize={1}",
            Marshal.SystemDefaultCharSize, Marshal.SystemMaxDBCSCharSize);

        // Demonstrate the use of the SizeOf method of the Marshal class.
        Console.WriteLine("Number of bytes needed by a Point object: {0}", 
            Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Point)));
        Point p = new Point();
        Console.WriteLine("Number of bytes needed by a Point object: {0}",
            Marshal.SizeOf(p));
        
        // Demonstrate how to call GlobalAlloc and 
        // GlobalFree using the Marshal class.
        IntPtr hglobal = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(100);
        Marshal.FreeHGlobal(hglobal);

        // Demonstrate how to use the Marshal class to get the Win32 error 
        // code when a Win32 method fails.
        Boolean f = CloseHandle(new IntPtr(-1));
        if (!f)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("CloseHandle call failed with an error code of: {0}", 
                Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
        }  
    }

    // This is a platform invoke prototype. SetLastError is true, which allows 
    // the GetLastWin32Error method of the Marshal class to work correctly.    
    [DllImport("Kernel32", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
    static extern Boolean CloseHandle(IntPtr h);
    
}

// This code produces the following output.
// 
// SystemDefaultCharSize=2, SystemMaxDBCSCharSize=1
// Number of bytes needed by a Point object: 8
// Number of bytes needed by a Point object: 8
// CloseHandle call failed with an error code of: 6

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Runtime::InteropServices;

public value struct Point
{
public:
    property int X;
    property int Y;
};
extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr h);

int main()
{
    // Demonstrate the use of public static fields of the Marshal
    // class.
    Console::WriteLine(
        "SystemDefaultCharSize={0},SystemMaxDBCSCharSize={1}",
        Marshal::SystemDefaultCharSize,
        Marshal::SystemMaxDBCSCharSize);

    // Demonstrate the use of the SizeOf method of the Marshal
    // class.
    Console::WriteLine("Number of bytes needed by a Point object: {0}",
        Marshal::SizeOf(Point::typeid));
    Point point;
    Console::WriteLine("Number of bytes needed by a Point object: {0}",
        Marshal::SizeOf(point));

    // Demonstrate how to call GlobalAlloc and 
    // GlobalFree using the Marshal class.
    IntPtr hglobal = Marshal::AllocHGlobal(100);
    Marshal::FreeHGlobal(hglobal);

    // Demonstrate how to use the Marshal class to get the Win32
    // error code when a Win32 method fails.
    bool isCloseHandleSuccess = CloseHandle(IntPtr(-1));
    if (!isCloseHandleSuccess)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(
            "CloseHandle call failed with an error code of: {0}",
            Marshal::GetLastWin32Error());
    }
};

// This is a platform invoke prototype. SetLastError is true,
// which allows the GetLastWin32Error method of the Marshal class
// to work correctly.    
[DllImport("Kernel32", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr h);

// This code produces the following output.
// 
// SystemDefaultCharSize=2, SystemMaxDBCSCharSize=1
// Number of bytes needed by a Point object: 8
// Number of bytes needed by a Point object: 8
// CloseHandle call failed with an error code of: 6