IDispatch::Invoke

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IDispatch::Invoke

Provides access to properties and methods exposed by an object. The dispatch function DispInvoke provides a standard implementation of IDispatch::Invoke.

HRESULT Invoke(  
  DISPID  dispIdMember,      
  REFIID  riid,              
  LCID  lcid,                
  WORD  wFlags,              
  DISPPARAMS FAR*  pDispParams,  
  VARIANT FAR*  pVarResult,  
  EXCEPINFO FAR*  pExcepInfo,  
  unsigned int FAR*  puArgErr  
);

Parameters

dispIdMember

Identifies the member. Use IDispatch::GetIDsOfNames or the object's documentation to obtain the dispatch identifier.

riid

Reserved for future use. Must be IID_NULL.

lcid

The locale context in which to interpret arguments. The lcid is used by the GetIDsOfNames function, and is also passed to IDispatch::Invoke to allow the object to interpret its arguments specific to a locale.

Applications that do not support multiple national languages can ignore this parameter. For more information, refer to Supporting Multiple National Languages and Exposing ActiveX Objects.

wFlags

Flags describing the context of the Invoke call, include:

Value	Description
DISPATCH_METHOD	The member is invoked as a method. If a property has the same name, both this and the DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET flag may be set.
DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET	The member is retrieved as a property or data member.
DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT	The member is changed as a property or data member.
DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUTREF	The member is changed by a reference assignment, rather than a value assignment. This flag is valid only when the property accepts a reference to an object.

pDispParams

Pointer to a DISPPARAMS structure containing an array of arguments, an array of argument DISPIDs for named arguments, and counts for the number of elements in the arrays.

pVarResult

Pointer to the location where the result is to be stored, or NULL if the caller expects no result. This argument is ignored if DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT or DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUTREF is specified.

pExcepInfo

Pointer to a structure that contains exception information. This structure should be filled in if DISP_E_EXCEPTION is returned. Can be NULL.

puArgErr

The index within rgvarg of the first argument that has an error. Arguments are stored in pDispParams->rgvarg in reverse order, so the first argument is the one with the highest index in the array. This parameter is returned only when the resulting return value is DISP_E_TYPEMISMATCH or DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND. This argument can be set to null. For details, see "Returning Errors" in the following Comments section.

Return Value

The return value obtained from the returned HRESULT is one of the following:

Return value	Meaning
S_OK	Success.
DISP_E_BADPARAMCOUNT	The number of elements provided to DISPPARAMS is different from the number of arguments accepted by the method or property.
DISP_E_BADVARTYPE	One of the arguments in rgvarg is not a valid variant type.
DISP_E_EXCEPTION	The application needs to raise an exception. In this case, the structure passed in pExcepInfo should be filled in.
DISP_E_MEMBERNOTFOUND	The requested member does not exist, or the call to Invoke tried to set the value of a read-only property.
DISP_E_NONAMEDARGS	This implementation of IDispatch does not support named arguments.
DISP_E_OVERFLOW	One of the arguments in rgvarg could not be coerced to the specified type.
DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND	One of the parameter DISPIDs does not correspond to a parameter on the method. In this case, puArgErr should be set to the first argument that contains the error. You get the error DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND when you try to set a property and you have not initialized the cNamedArgs and rgdispidNamedArgs elements of your DISPPARAMS structure.
DISP_E_TYPEMISMATCH	One or more of the arguments could not be coerced. The index within rgvarg of the first parameter with the incorrect type is returned in the puArgErr parameter.
DISP_E_UNKNOWNINTERFACE	The interface identifier passed in riid is not IID_NULL.
DISP_E_UNKNOWNLCID	The member being invoked interprets string arguments according to the LCID, and the LCID is not recognized. If the LCID is not needed to interpret arguments, this error should not be returned.
DISP_E_PARAMNOTOPTIONAL	A required parameter was omitted.

Comments

Generally, you should not implement Invoke directly. Instead, use the dispatch interface to create functions CreateStdDispatch and DispInvoke. For details, refer to CreateStdDispatch, DispInvoke, Creating the IDispatch Interface and Exposing ActiveX Objects.

If some application-specific processing needs to be performed before calling a member, the code should perform the necessary actions, and then call ITypeInfo::Invoke to invoke the member. ITypeInfo::Invoke acts exactly like IDispatch::Invoke. The standard implementations of IDispatch::Invoke created by CreateStdDispatch and DispInvoke defer to ITypeInfo::Invoke.

In an ActiveX client, IDispatch::Invoke should be used to get and set the values of properties, or to call a method of an ActiveX object. The dispIdMember argument identifies the member to invoke. The DISPIDs that identify members are defined by the implementor of the object and can be determined by using the object's documentation, the IDispatch::GetIDsOfNames function, or the ITypeInfo interface.

When you use IDispatch::Invoke() with DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT or DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUTREF, you have to specially initialize the cNamedArgs and rgdispidNamedArgs elements of your DISPPARAMS structure with the following:

DISPID dispidNamed = DISPID_PROPERTYPUT;
dispparams.cNamedArgs = 1;
dispparams.rgdispidNamedArgs = &dispidNamed;

The information that follows addresses developers of ActiveX clients and others who use code to expose ActiveX objects. It describes the behavior that users of exposed objects should expect.