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SQL Server 2008 Books Online (October 2009)
Mathematical Functions (Transact-SQL)

The following scalar functions perform a calculation, usually based on input values that are provided as arguments, and return a numeric value:

ABS

DEGREES

RAND

ACOS

EXP

ROUND

ASIN

FLOOR

SIGN

ATAN

LOG

SIN

ATN2

LOG10

SQRT

CEILING

PI

SQUARE

COS

POWER

TAN

COT

RADIANS

 

ms177516.note(en-us,SQL.100).gifNote:
Arithmetic functions, such as ABS, CEILING, DEGREES, FLOOR, POWER, RADIANS, and SIGN, return a value having the same data type as the input value. Trigonometric and other functions, including EXP, LOG, LOG10, SQUARE, and SQRT, cast their input values to float and return a float value.

All mathematical functions, except for RAND, are deterministic functions. This means they return the same results each time they are called with a specific set of input values. RAND is deterministic only when a seed parameter is specified. For more information about function determinism, see Deterministic and Nondeterministic Functions.

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