C# is a strongly typed language; therefore every variable and object must have a declared type.
A data type can be described as being either:
For more information:
C# Language Specification
For more information about types, see the following sections in the C# Language Specification:
Reference
Data Types Compared in Different Languages
Integral Types Table (C# Reference)
Concepts
C# Programming Guide
Conversion of XML Data Types
Other Resources
C# Reference