A Relations collection contains stored Relation objects of a Database object (Microsoft Access database engine databases only).
Remarks
You can use the Relation object to create new relationships and examine existing relationships in your database. To add a Relation object to the Relations collection, first create it with the CreateRelation method, and then append it to the Relations collection with the Append method. This will save the Relation object when you close the Database object. To remove a Relation object from the collection, use the Delete method.
To refer to a Relation object in a collection by its ordinal number or by its Name property setting, use any of the following syntax forms:
Relations(0)
Relations("name")
Relations![name]
Example
This example shows how an existing Relation object can control data entry. The procedure attempts to add a record with a deliberately incorrect CategoryID; this triggers the error-handling routine.
Visual Basic for Applications
Sub RelationX()
Dim dbsNorthwind As Database
Dim rstProducts As Recordset
Dim prpLoop As Property
Dim fldLoop As Field
Dim errLoop As Error
Set dbsNorthwind = OpenDatabase("Northwind.mdb")
Set rstProducts = dbsNorthwind.OpenRecordset("Products")
' Print a report showing all the different parts of
' the relation and where each part is stored.
With dbsNorthwind.Relations!CategoriesProducts
Debug.Print "Properties of " & .Name & " Relation"
Debug.Print " Table = " & .Table
Debug.Print " ForeignTable = " & .ForeignTable
Debug.Print "Fields of " & .Name & " Relation"
With .Fields!CategoryID
Debug.Print " " & .Name
Debug.Print " Name = " & .Name
Debug.Print " ForeignName = " & .ForeignName
End With
End With
' Attempt to add a record that violates the relation.
With rstProducts
.AddNew
!ProductName = "Trygve's Lutefisk"
!CategoryID = 10
On Error GoTo Err_Relation
.Update
On Error GoTo 0
.Close
End With
dbsNorthwind.Close
Exit Sub
Err_Relation:
' Notify user of any errors that result from
' the invalid data.
If DBEngine.Errors.Count > 0 Then
For Each errLoop In DBEngine.Errors
MsgBox "Error number: " & errLoop.Number & _
vbCr & errLoop.Description
Next errLoop
End If
Resume Next
End Sub
This example uses the CreateRelation method to create a Relation between the Employees TableDef and a new TableDef called Departments. This example also demonstrates how creating a new Relation will also create any necessary Indexes in the foreign table (the DepartmentsEmployees Index in the Employees table).
Visual Basic for Applications
Sub CreateRelationX()
Dim dbsNorthwind As Database
Dim tdfEmployees As TableDef
Dim tdfNew As TableDef
Dim idxNew As Index
Dim relNew As Relation
Dim idxLoop As Index
Set dbsNorthwind = OpenDatabase("Northwind.mdb")
With dbsNorthwind
' Add new field to Employees table.
Set tdfEmployees = .TableDefs!Employees
tdfEmployees.Fields.Append _
tdfEmployees.CreateField("DeptID", dbInteger, 2)
' Create new Departments table.
Set tdfNew = .CreateTableDef("Departments")
With tdfNew
' Create and append Field objects to Fields
' collection of the new TableDef object.
.Fields.Append .CreateField("DeptID", dbInteger, 2)
.Fields.Append .CreateField("DeptName", dbText, 20)
' Create Index object for Departments table.
Set idxNew = .CreateIndex("DeptIDIndex")
' Create and append Field object to Fields
' collection of the new Index object.
idxNew.Fields.Append idxNew.CreateField("DeptID")
' The index in the primary table must be Unique in
' order to be part of a Relation.
idxNew.Unique = True
.Indexes.Append idxNew
End With
.TableDefs.Append tdfNew
' Create EmployeesDepartments Relation object, using
' the names of the two tables in the relation.
Set relNew = .CreateRelation("EmployeesDepartments", _
tdfNew.Name, tdfEmployees.Name, _
dbRelationUpdateCascade)
' Create Field object for the Fields collection of the
' new Relation object. Set the Name and ForeignName
' properties based on the fields to be used for the
' relation.
relNew.Fields.Append relNew.CreateField("DeptID")
relNew.Fields!DeptID.ForeignName = "DeptID"
.Relations.Append relNew
' Print report.
Debug.Print "Properties of " & relNew.Name & _
" Relation"
Debug.Print " Table = " & relNew.Table
Debug.Print " ForeignTable = " & _
relNew.ForeignTable
Debug.Print "Fields of " & relNew.Name & " Relation"
With relNew.Fields!DeptID
Debug.Print " " & .Name
Debug.Print " Name = " & .Name
Debug.Print " ForeignName = " & .ForeignName
End With
Debug.Print "Indexes in " & tdfEmployees.Name & _
" TableDef"
For Each idxLoop In tdfEmployees.Indexes
Debug.Print " " & idxLoop.Name & _
", Foreign = " & idxLoop.Foreign
Next idxLoop
' Delete new objects because this is a demonstration.
.Relations.Delete relNew.Name
.TableDefs.Delete tdfNew.Name
tdfEmployees.Fields.Delete "DeptID"
.Close