Indexers (C# Programming Guide)

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C# Programming Guide

Indexers allow instances of a class or struct to be indexed just like arrays. Indexers resemble properties except that their accessors take parameters.

In the following example, a generic class is defined and provided with simple get and set accessor methods as a means of assigning and retrieving values. The Program class creates an instance of this class for storing strings.

class SampleCollection<T>
{
    // Declare an array to store the data elements.
    private T[] arr = new T[100];

    // Define the indexer, which will allow client code
    // to use [] notation on the class instance itself.
    // (See line 2 of code in Main below.)        
    public T this[int i]
    {
        get
        {
            // This indexer is very simple, and just returns or sets
            // the corresponding element from the internal array.
            return arr[i];
        }
        set
        {
            arr[i] = value;
        }
    }
}

// This class shows how client code uses the indexer.
class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Declare an instance of the SampleCollection type.
        SampleCollection<string> stringCollection = new SampleCollection<string>();

        // Use [] notation on the type.
        stringCollection[0] = "Hello, World";
        System.Console.WriteLine(stringCollection[0]);
    }
}

Indexers Overview

Indexers enable objects to be indexed in a similar manner to arrays.
A get accessor returns a value. A set accessor assigns a value.
The this keyword is used to define the indexers.
The value keyword is used to define the value being assigned by the set indexer.
Indexers do not have to be indexed by an integer value; it is up to you how to define the specific look-up mechanism.
Indexers can be overloaded.
Indexers can have more than one formal parameter, for example, when accessing a two-dimensional array.

Related Sections

C# Language Specification

For more information, see the following sections in the C# Language Specification:

1.6.7.3 Indexers
10.2.9.3 Member names reserved for indexers
10.9 Indexers
13.2.4 Interface indexers

Concepts

C# Programming Guide

Reference

Properties (C# Programming Guide)

Community Content

Limited Atonement

Indexers can have more than one argument

Also note that indexers can have more than one argument. A very simple example follows:

declaration:

    
class Mlass
{
    private int[,] mint = new int[100,100];
    public int this[int i, int j]
    {
        get
        {
            return mint[i, j];
        }
        set
        {
            mint[i, j] = value;
        }
    }
}

usage:

Mlass m = new Mlass();
m[2, 2] = 3;Console.WriteLine(m[2, 2]);