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.NET Framework 4
SqlConnection Class
 BeginTransaction Method (IsolationL...
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Microsoft Visual Studio 2010/.NET Framework 4

Other versions are also available for the following:
.NET Framework Class Library
SqlConnection..::.BeginTransaction Method (IsolationLevel)

Starts a database transaction with the specified isolation level.

Namespace:  System.Data.SqlClient
Assembly:  System.Data (in System.Data.dll)
Visual Basic
Public Function BeginTransaction ( _
    iso As IsolationLevel _
) As SqlTransaction
C#
public SqlTransaction BeginTransaction(
    IsolationLevel iso
)
Visual C++
public:
SqlTransaction^ BeginTransaction(
    IsolationLevel iso
)
F#
member BeginTransaction : 
        iso:IsolationLevel -> SqlTransaction 

Parameters

iso
Type: System.Data..::.IsolationLevel
The isolation level under which the transaction should run.

Return Value

Type: System.Data.SqlClient..::.SqlTransaction
An object representing the new transaction.
ExceptionCondition
SqlException

Parallel transactions are not allowed when using Multiple Active Result Sets (MARS).

InvalidOperationException

Parallel transactions are not supported.

This command maps to the SQL Server implementation of BEGIN TRANSACTION.

You must explicitly commit or roll back the transaction using the Commit or Rollback method. To make sure that the .NET Framework Data Provider for SQL Server transaction management model performs correctly, avoid using other transaction management models, such as the one provided by SQL Server.

NoteNote

After a transaction is committed or rolled back, the isolation level of the transaction persists for all subsequent commands that are in autocommit mode (the SQL Server default). This can produce unexpected results, such as an isolation level of REPEATABLE READ persisting and locking other users out of a row. To reset the isolation level to the default (READ COMMITTED), execute the Transact-SQL SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED statement, or call SqlConnection..::.BeginTransaction followed immediately by SqlTransaction..::.Commit. For more information on SQL Server isolation levels, see "Isolation Levels in the Database Engine" in SQL Server 2005 Books Online.

For more information on SQL Server transactions, see "Explicit Transactions" and "Coding Efficient Transactions" in SQL Server 2005 Books Online.

Caution noteCaution

When your query returns a large amount of data and calls BeginTransaction, a SqlException is thrown because SQL Server 2005 does not allow parallel transactions when using MARS. To avoid this problem, always associate a transaction with the command, the connection, or both before any readers are open.

The following example creates a SqlConnection and a SqlTransaction. It also demonstrates how to use the BeginTransaction, a Commit, and Rollback methods.

Visual Basic
Private Sub ExecuteSqlTransaction(ByVal connectionString As String)
    Using connection As New SqlConnection(connectionString)
        connection.Open()

        Dim command As SqlCommand = connection.CreateCommand()
        Dim transaction As SqlTransaction

        ' Start a local transaction
        transaction = connection.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted)
        ' Must assign both transaction object and connection
        ' to Command object for a pending local transaction
        command.Connection = connection
        command.Transaction = transaction

        Try
            command.CommandText = _
              "Insert into Region (RegionID, RegionDescription) VALUES (100, 'Description')"
            command.ExecuteNonQuery()
            command.CommandText = _
              "Insert into Region (RegionID, RegionDescription) VALUES (101, 'Description')"
            command.ExecuteNonQuery()
            transaction.Commit()
            Console.WriteLine("Both records are written to database.")
        Catch e As Exception
            Try
                transaction.Rollback()
            Catch ex As SqlException
                If Not transaction.Connection Is Nothing Then
                    Console.WriteLine("An exception of type " & ex.GetType().ToString() & _
                      " was encountered while attempting to roll back the transaction.")
                End If
            End Try

            Console.WriteLine("An exception of type " & e.GetType().ToString() & _
              "was encountered while inserting the data.")
            Console.WriteLine("Neither record was written to database.")
        End Try
    End Using
End Sub
C#
private static void ExecuteSqlTransaction(string connectionString)
{
    using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
    {
        connection.Open();

        SqlCommand command = connection.CreateCommand();
        SqlTransaction transaction;

        // Start a local transaction.
        transaction = connection.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted);

        // Must assign both transaction object and connection
        // to Command object for a pending local transaction
        command.Connection = connection;
        command.Transaction = transaction;

        try
        {
            command.CommandText =
                "Insert into Region (RegionID, RegionDescription) VALUES (100, 'Description')";
            command.ExecuteNonQuery();
            command.CommandText =
                "Insert into Region (RegionID, RegionDescription) VALUES (101, 'Description')";
            command.ExecuteNonQuery();
            transaction.Commit();
            Console.WriteLine("Both records are written to database.");
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            try
            {
                transaction.Rollback();
            }
            catch (SqlException ex)
            {
                if (transaction.Connection != null)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("An exception of type " + ex.GetType() +
                        " was encountered while attempting to roll back the transaction.");
                }
            }

            Console.WriteLine("An exception of type " + e.GetType() +
                " was encountered while inserting the data.");
            Console.WriteLine("Neither record was written to database.");
        }
    }
}

.NET Framework

Supported in: 4, 3.5, 3.0, 2.0, 1.1, 1.0

.NET Framework Client Profile

Supported in: 4, 3.5 SP1

Windows 7, Windows Vista SP1 or later, Windows XP SP3, Windows XP SP2 x64 Edition, Windows Server 2008 (Server Core not supported), Windows Server 2008 R2 (Server Core supported with SP1 or later), Windows Server 2003 SP2

The .NET Framework does not support all versions of every platform. For a list of the supported versions, see .NET Framework System Requirements.
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