When performing binary operations, if one of the operands is a floating-point type, Single or Double, then the other operand is required to be an integral type or a floating-point type. The operation is evaluated as follows:

• If one of the operands is of an integral type, then that operand is converted to the floating-point type of the other operand.

• Then, if either of the operands is Double, the other operand is converted to Double, and the operation is performed using at least the range and precision of the Double. For numeric operations, the type of the result is Double.

• Otherwise, the operation is performed using at least the range and precision of the Single type and, for numeric operations, the type of the result is Single.

The floating-point operators, including the assignment operators, do not throw exceptions. Instead, in exceptional situations the result of a floating-point operation is zero, infinity, or NaN, as described below:

• If the result of a floating-point operation is too small for the destination format, the result of the operation is zero.

• If the magnitude of the result of a floating-point operation is too large for the destination format, the result of the operation is PositiveInfinity or NegativeInfinity, as appropriate for the sign of the result.

• If a floating-point operation is invalid, the result of the operation is NaN.

• If one or both operands of a floating-point operation are NaN, the result of the operation is NaN.

Remember that a floating-point number can only approximate a decimal number, and that the precision of a floating-point number determines how accurately that number approximates a decimal number. By default, a Single value contains only 7 decimal digits of precision, although a maximum of 9 digits is maintained internally. The precision of a floating-point number has several consequences:

• Two floating-point numbers that appear equal for a particular precision might not compare equal because their least significant digits are different.

• A mathematical or comparison operation that uses a floating-point number might not yield the same result if a decimal number is used because the floating-point number might not exactly approximate the decimal number.

• A value might not roundtrip if a floating-point number is involved. A value is said to roundtrip if an operation converts an original floating-point number to another form, an inverse operation transforms the converted form back to a floating-point number, and the final floating-point number is equal to the original floating-point number. The roundtrip might fail because one or more least significant digits are lost or changed in a conversion.