Skip to main content
.NET Framework Class Library
String..::.Concat Method (IEnumerable<(Of <(String>)>))

Concatenates the members of a constructed IEnumerable<(Of <(T>)>) collection of type String.

Namespace: System
Assembly: mscorlib (in mscorlib.dll)
Syntax
<ComVisibleAttribute(False)> _
Public Shared Function Concat ( _
	values As IEnumerable(Of String) _
) As String
[ComVisibleAttribute(false)]
public static string Concat(
	IEnumerable<string> values
)
[ComVisibleAttribute(false)]
public:
static String^ Concat(
	IEnumerable<String^>^ values
)
[<ComVisibleAttribute(false)>]
static member Concat : 
        values:IEnumerable<string> -> string 

Parameters

values
Type: System.Collections.Generic..::.IEnumerable<(Of <(String>)>)
A collection object that implements IEnumerable<(Of <(T>)>) and whose generic type argument is String.

Return Value

Type: System..::.String
The concatenated strings in values.
Exceptions
ExceptionCondition
ArgumentNullException

values is nullNothingnullptra null reference (Nothing in Visual Basic).

Remarks

The method concatenates each object in values; it does not add any delimiters. To specify a delimiter between each member of values, call the Join(String, IEnumerable<(Of <(String>)>)) method.

An Empty string is used in place of any null argument.

Concat(IEnumerable<(Of <(String>)>)) is a convenience method that lets you concatenate each element in an IEnumerable(Of String) collection without first converting the elements to a string array. It is particularly useful with Language-Integrated Query (LINQ) query expressions. The following example passes a List(Of String) object that contains either the uppercase or lowercase letters of the alphabet to a lambda expression that selects letters that are equal to or greater than a particular letter (which, in the example, is "M"). The IEnumerable(Of String) collection that is returned by the Enumerable..::.Where method is passed to the Concat(IEnumerable<(Of <(String>)>)) method to display the result as a single string.


Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq

Module modMain
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim output As String = String.Concat(GetAlphabet(true).Where(Function(letter) _
                                                         letter >= "M"))

      Console.WriteLine(output)                                     
   End Sub

   Private Function GetAlphabet(upper As Boolean) As List(Of String)
      Dim alphabet As New List(Of String)
      Dim charValue As Integer = CInt(IIf(upper, 65, 97))
      For ctr As Integer = 0 To 25
         alphabet.Add(ChrW(charValue + ctr).ToString())
      Next
      Return alphabet 
   End Function
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       MNOPQRSTUVWXYZ


using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      string output = String.Concat( GetAlphabet(true).Where( letter => 
                      letter.CompareTo("M") >= 0));
      Console.WriteLine(output);  
   }

   private static List<string> GetAlphabet(bool upper)
   {
      List<string> alphabet = new List<string>();
      int charValue = upper ? 65 : 97;
      for (int ctr = 0; ctr <= 25; ctr++)
         alphabet.Add(Convert.ToChar(charValue + ctr).ToString());
      return alphabet; 
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//      MNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

Examples

The following example uses the Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm to calculate the prime numbers that are less than or equal to 100. It assigns the result to a List<(Of <(T>)>) object of type String, which it then passes to the Concat(IEnumerable<(Of <(String>)>)) method.


Imports System.Collections.Generic

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim maxPrime As Integer = 100
      Dim primeList As IEnumerable(Of String) = GetPrimes(maxPrime)
      Console.WriteLine("Primes less than {0}:", maxPrime)
      Console.WriteLine("   {0}", String.Concat(primeList))
   End Sub

   Private Function GetPrimes(maxPrime As Integer) As IEnumerable(Of String)
      Dim values As Array = Array.CreateInstance(GetType(Integer), _
                              New Integer() { maxPrime - 1}, New Integer(){ 2 }) 
      ' Use Sieve of Erathsthenes to determine prime numbers.
      For ctr As Integer = values.GetLowerBound(0) To _
                           CInt(Math.Ceiling(Math.Sqrt(values.GetUpperBound(0))))
         If CInt(values.GetValue(ctr)) = 1 Then Continue For

         For multiplier As Integer = ctr To maxPrime \ 2
            If ctr * multiplier <= maxPrime Then values.SetValue(1, ctr * multiplier)
         Next   
      Next      

      Dim primes As New List(Of String)
      For ctr As Integer = values.GetLowerBound(0) To values.GetUpperBound(0)
         If CInt(values.GetValue(ctr)) = 0 Then primes.Add(ctr.ToString() + " ")
      Next            
      Return primes
   End Function   
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    Primes less than 100:
'       2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71 73 79 83 89 97


using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      int maxPrime = 100;
      IEnumerable<String> primeList = GetPrimes(maxPrime);
      Console.WriteLine("Primes less than {0}:", maxPrime);
      Console.WriteLine("   {0}", String.Concat(primeList));
   }

   private static IEnumerable<String> GetPrimes(int maxPrime)
   {
      Array values = Array.CreateInstance(typeof(int), 
                              new int[] { maxPrime - 1}, new int[] { 2 }); 
      // Use Sieve of Erathsthenes to determine prime numbers.
      for (int ctr = values.GetLowerBound(0); ctr <= (int) Math.Ceiling(Math.Sqrt(values.GetUpperBound(0))); ctr++)
      {

         if ((int) values.GetValue(ctr) == 1) continue;

         for (int multiplier = ctr; multiplier <=  maxPrime / 2; multiplier++)
            if (ctr * multiplier <= maxPrime)
               values.SetValue(1, ctr * multiplier);
      }      

      List<String> primes = new List<String>();
      for (int ctr = values.GetLowerBound(0); ctr <= values.GetUpperBound(0); ctr++)
         if ((int) values.GetValue(ctr) == 0) 
            primes.Add(ctr.ToString() + " ");
      return primes;
   }   
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    Primes less than 100:
//       2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71 73 79 83 89 97

Version Information

.NET Framework

Supported in: 4

.NET Framework Client Profile

Supported in: 4
Platforms

Windows 7, Windows Vista SP1 or later, Windows XP SP3, Windows Server 2008 (Server Core not supported), Windows Server 2008 R2 (Server Core supported with SP1 or later), Windows Server 2003 SP2

The .NET Framework does not support all versions of every platform. For a list of the supported versions, see .NET Framework System Requirements.
Microsoft is conducting an online survey to understand your opinion of the MSDN Web site. If you choose to participate, the online survey will be presented to you when you leave the MSDN Web site.

Would you like to participate?