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System.Globalization Namespace

The System.Globalization namespace contains classes that define culture-related information, including the language, the country/region, the calendars in use, the format patterns for dates, currency, and numbers, and the sort order for strings. These classes are useful for writing globalized (internationalized) applications. Classes like StringInfo and TextInfo provide advanced globalization functionalities, such as surrogate support and text element processing.

  Class Description
Public class Calendar Represents time in divisions, such as weeks, months, and years.
Public class CharUnicodeInfo Retrieves information about a Unicode character. This class cannot be inherited.
Public class ChineseLunisolarCalendar Represents time in divisions, such as months, days, and years. Years are calculated using the Chinese calendar, while days and months are calculated using the lunisolar calendar.
Public class CompareInfo Implements a set of methods for culture-sensitive string comparisons.
Public class CultureAndRegionInfoBuilder Defines a custom culture that is new or based on an existing culture and region. The custom culture can be installed on a computer and subsequently used by any application running on that computer. This class cannot be inherited.
Public class CultureInfo Provides information about a specific culture, such as the names of the culture, the writing system, the calendar used, and how to format dates and sort strings.
Public class DateTimeFormatInfo Defines how DateTime values are formatted and displayed, depending on the culture.
Public class DaylightTime Defines the period of daylight-saving time.
Public class EastAsianLunisolarCalendar Represents a calendar that divides time into months, days, years, and eras, and whose dates are based on cycles of the sun and the moon.
Public class GregorianCalendar Represents the Gregorian calendar.
Public class HebrewCalendar Represents the Hebrew calendar.
Public class HijriCalendar Represents the Hijri calendar.
Public class IdnMapping Supports the use of non-ASCII characters for Internet domain names. This class cannot be inherited.
Public class JapaneseCalendar Represents the Japanese calendar.
Public class JapaneseLunisolarCalendar Represents time in divisions, such as months, days, and years. Years are calculated the same way as the Japanese calendar, while days and months are calculated using the lunisolar calendar.
Public class JulianCalendar Represents the Julian calendar.
Public class KoreanCalendar Represents the Korean calendar.
Public class KoreanLunisolarCalendar Represents time in divisions, such as months, days, and years. Years are calculated using the Gregorian calendar, while days and months are calculated using the lunisolar calendar.
Public class NumberFormatInfo Defines how numeric values are formatted and displayed, depending on the culture.
Public class PersianCalendar Represents the Persian calendar.
Public class RegionInfo Contains information about the country/region.
Public class SortKey Represents the result of mapping a string to its sort key.
Public class StringInfo Provides functionality to split a string into text elements and to iterate through those text elements.
Public class TaiwanCalendar Represents the Taiwan calendar.
Public class TaiwanLunisolarCalendar Represents the Taiwan lunisolar calendar. Years are calculated using the Gregorian calendar, as does the Taiwan calendar, while days and months are calculated using the lunisolar calendar.
Public class TextElementEnumerator Enumerates the text elements of a string.
Public class TextInfo Defines properties and behaviors, such as casing, that are specific to a writing system.
Public class ThaiBuddhistCalendar Represents the Thai Buddhist calendar.
Public class UmAlQuraCalendar Represents the Saudi Hijri (Umm-Al Qurah) calendar.
  Enumeration Description
Public enumeration CalendarAlgorithmType Specifies whether a calendar is solar-based, lunar-based, or lunisolar-based.
Public enumeration CalendarWeekRule Defines different rules for determining the first week of the year.
Public enumeration CompareOptions Defines the string comparison options to use with CompareInfo.
Public enumeration CultureAndRegionModifiers Specifies constants that define a CultureAndRegionInfoBuilder object.
Public enumeration CultureTypes Defines the types of culture lists that can be retrieved using CultureInfo.GetCultures.
Public enumeration DateTimeStyles Defines the formatting options that customize how the DateTime.Parse and DateTime.ParseExact methods parse a string.
Public enumeration DigitShapes Specifies the culture-specific display of digits.
Public enumeration GregorianCalendarTypes Defines the different language versions of the Gregorian calendar.
Public enumeration NumberStyles Determines the styles permitted in numeric string arguments that are passed to the Parse methods of the numeric base type classes.
Public enumeration UnicodeCategory Defines the Unicode category of a character.
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Globalization Step-by-Step
You can find the Globalization Step-by-Step guide here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/goglobal/bb688110.aspx.
Blogs about System.Globalization

Some blogs about the System.Globalization namespace & classes therein:

http://blogs.msdn.com/shawnste/

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http://blogs.msdn.com/kierans/