BETWEEN (Transact-SQL)
Specifies a range to test.
BETWEEN returns TRUE if the value of test_expression is greater than or equal to the value of begin_expression and less than or equal to the value of end_expression.
NOT BETWEEN returns TRUE if the value of test_expression is less than the value of begin_expression or greater than the value of end_expression.
A. Using BETWEEN
The following example returns the employees of Adventure Works Cycles that have an hourly pay rate between 27 and 30.
USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO
SELECT e.FirstName, e.LastName, ep.Rate
FROM HumanResources.vEmployee e
JOIN HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory ep
ON e.BusinessEntityID = ep.BusinessEntityID
WHERE ep.Rate BETWEEN 27 AND 30
ORDER BY ep.Rate;
GO
Here is the result set.
FirstName LastName Rate
----------- ------------------ ------------------
Paula Barreto de Mattos 27.1394
Karen Berg 27.4038
Ramesh Meyyappan 27.4038
Dan Bacon 27.4038
Janaina Bueno 27.4038
David Bradley 28.7500
Hazem Abolrous 28.8462
Ovidiu Cracium 28.8462
Rob Walters 29.8462
Sheela Word 30.0000
(10 row(s) affected)
B. Using > and < instead of BETWEEN
The following example uses greater than (>) and less than (<) operators and, because these operators are not inclusive, returns nine rows instead of ten that were returned in the previous example.
USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO
SELECT e.FirstName, e.LastName, ep.Rate
FROM HumanResources.vEmployee e
JOIN HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory ep
ON e.BusinessEntityID = ep.BusinessEntityID
WHERE ep.Rate > 27 AND ep.Rate < 30
ORDER BY ep.Rate;
GO
Here is the result set.
FirstName LastName Rate
--------- ------------------- ---------
Paula Barreto de Mattos 27.1394
Janaina Bueno 27.4038
Dan Bacon 27.4038
Ramesh Meyyappan 27.4038
Karen Berg 27.4038
David Bradley 28.7500
Hazem Abolrous 28.8462
Ovidiu Cracium 28.8462
Rob Walters 29.8462
(9 row(s) affected)
C. Using NOT BETWEEN
The following example finds all rows outside a specified range of 27 through 30.
USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO
SELECT e.FirstName, e.LastName, ep.Rate
FROM HumanResources.vEmployee e
JOIN HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory ep
ON e.BusinessEntityID = ep.BusinessEntityID
WHERE ep.Rate NOT BETWEEN 27 AND 30
ORDER BY ep.Rate;
GO
D. Using BETWEEN with datetime values
The following example retrieves rows in which datetime values are between '19971212' and '19980105', inclusive.
USE AdventureWorks2008R2; GO SELECT BusinessEntityID, RateChangeDate FROM HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory WHERE RateChangeDate BETWEEN '20011212' AND '20020105'
Here is the result set.
BusinessEntityID RateChangeDate
----------- -----------------------
3 2001-12-12 00:00:00.000
4 2002-01-05 00:00:00.000
The query retrieves the expected rows because the date values in the query and the datetime values stored in the RateChangeDate column have been specified without the time part of the date. When the time part is unspecified, it defaults to 12:00 A.M. Note that a row that contains a time part that is after 12:00 A.M. on 1998-0105 would not be returned by this query because it falls outside the range.
